LOCATION CANBURN UT+MT NM WY

Established Series
Rev. JLS/KDS/JWB
04/2011

CANBURN SERIES

The Canburn series consists of very deep, poorly drained soils that formed in mixed alluvium. Canburn soils are on alluvial fans, flood plains and stream terraces. Slopes range from 0 to 5 percent. The mean annual precipitation is about 16 inches (406 mm) and the mean annual temperature is about 43 degrees F (6.1 degrees C).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, calcareous, frigid Cumulic Endoaquolls

TYPICAL PEDON: Canburn silty clay loam, native pasture. (Colors are for air dry soil unless otherwise noted.)

A1--0 to 3 inches (0 to 8 cm); grayish brown (10YR 5/2) silty clay loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; weak fine subangular blocky structure; hard, firm, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; many very fine and fine roots; few very fine pores; strongly effervescent, carbonates are finely disseminated; moderately alkaline (pH 8.2); clear smooth boundary. (3 to 4 inches (8 to 10 cm) thick)

A2--3 to 8 inches (8 to 20 cm); grayish brown (10YR 5/2) silty clay loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; few medium distinct brown (7.5YR 4/4) mottles; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; hard, firm, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; few fine and medium roots; few fine and medium pores; strongly effervescent, carbonates are finely disseminated; strongly alkaline (pH 8.6); clear smooth boundary. (5 to 7 inches (13 to 18 cm) thick)

A3--8 to 16 inches (20 to 41 cm); grayish brown (10YR 5/2) silty clay loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; common medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) mottles; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; hard, firm, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; few fine and medium roots; few fine and medium pores; strongly effervescent, carbonates are finely disseminated; strongly alkaline (pH 8.8); gradual smooth boundary. (8 to 12 inches (20 to 30 cm) thick)

A4--16 to 25 inches (41 to 64 cm); grayish brown (10YR 5/2) clay loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; common fine distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) mottles; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; hard, firm, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; few fine and medium roots; few fine and medium pores; strongly effervescent, carbonates are finely disseminated; strongly alkaline (pH 8.8); gradual smooth boundary. (8 to 12 inches (20 to 30 cm) thick)

C1--25 to 45 inches (64 to 114 cm); light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) clay loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; massive; hard, firm, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; few fine roots; strongly effervescent, carbonates are finely disseminated; strongly alkaline (pH 8.8); gradual smooth boundary. (15 to 25 inches (38 to 64 cm) thick)

C2--45 to 60 inches (114 to 152 cm); grayish brown (10YR 5/2) clay loam, dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; massive; hard, firm, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; few fine roots; strongly effervescent, carbonates are finely disseminated; strongly alkaline (pH 8.8).

TYPE LOCATION: Sanpete County, Utah; about 2 km (1.25 miles) WSW of Milburn, south end of the Milburn bottoms; located about 600 feet (183 m) north and 1,700 feet (518 m) east of the SW corner of sec. 11, T. 13 S., R. 4 E.; Fairview USGS quad; lat 39 degrees 41 minutes 55 seconds N. and long. 111 degrees 26 minutes 48 seconds W., NAD83

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture: The soil moisture control section is usually wet from November through July, and moist from August through October; aquic soil moisture regime.
Mean annual soil temperature: 41 to 46 degrees F (5.0 to 8.0 degrees C)
Mean summer soil temperature: 60 to 68 degrees F (15.5 to 20.0 degrees C)
Depth to endosaturation: 0 to 20 inches (0 to 51 cm) from November to July; as much as 50 inches (127 cm) from August to October
Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 24 to 35 inches (61 to 89 cm) or more
Electrical conductivity: 0 to 2 dS/m
Calcium Carbonate Equivalent: 5 to 30 percent
Some pedons have a thin Oi horizon of matted roots and fibers.

Particle-size control section (weighted averages):
Clay content: 20 to 35 percent
Fine sand and coarser sand content: greater than 15 percent

A horizon:
Value: 4 or 5 dry, 2 or 3 moist
Chroma: 0 to 2 moist, 1 to 3 dry; chroma of 2 is accompanied by distinct or prominent mottles
Reaction: slightly alkaline to strongly alkaline

C horizons:
Hue: 7.5YR, 10YR or 2.5Y, and in some pedons 5GY
Value: 4 to 6 dry, 2 to 5 moist
Chroma: 1 to 6 dry, 1 to 4 moist; high and low chroma redoximorphic features may occur in these horizons
Texture: loam, silt loam, silty clay loam or clay loam; some pedons contain horizons with clay textures; thin stratifications of sand or sandy loam occur in some pedons.
Reaction: moderately alkaline or strongly alkaline

COMPETING SERIES: These are the Cantle (WY) and Parle (MN) series.
Cantle: have a mean annual soil temperature of 40 to 44 degrees F (4.4 to 6.7 degrees C) and have an electrical conductivity that exceeds 2 mmhos/cm.
Parle: have sandy substrata and 2.5Y and 5Y hue in the B and C horizons.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material: alluvium derived from mixed sources
Landform: mountain valley bottoms, flood plains, stream terraces and on lower slopes of alluvial fans
Slopes: 0 to 5 percent
Elevation: 4,800 to 8,200 feet (1,463 to 2,499 meters)
Mean annual air temperature: 39 to 46 degrees F (4.0 to 7.8 degrees C)
Mean annual precipitation: 12 to 20 inches (305 to 508 mm)
Precipitation pattern: Wettest months are October to May and driest months are June to September. The climate is dry subhumid or moist subhumid.
Frost-free period: 70 to 120 days.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Beek, Birdow, Eastcan, Keigley, Manila, Pringle, Redola, Toehead, and Watkins Ridge soils. Beek, Birdow and Keigley soils have mean annual soil temperature warmer than 47 degrees F (8.3 degrees C). Birdow, Manila, Toehead and Watkins Ridge soils do not have redoximorphic features. Eastcan and Redola soils do not have redoximorphic features above 20 inches (51 cm). Manila soils have argillic horizons. Pringle soils have more than 35 percent rock fragments in the control section. Watkins Ridge soils have calcic horizons.

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Poorly drained; low runoff to ponded; slow and moderately slow permeability; Ksat is moderately high or moderately low; depth to water table ranges from 0 to 50 inches (0 to 127 cm) at different times of the year.

USE AND VEGETATION: These soils are used for grass pasture and for native grass hay. Principal plants are sedge (carex), wiregrass, cinquefoil, dandelion, redtop grass, and foxtail.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Central and northern Utah and northeastern Arizona, northwestern New Mexico, Montana and Wyoming. The series is moderately extensive. MLRA 28A, 34, 39A, 47, 49, and 58A.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Bozeman, Montana

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Sanpete Soil Survey Area, Utah, 1971.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features in this pedon include:
Mollic epipedon: The zone from 0 to 25 inches (0 to 64 cm) (A1, A2, A3 and A4 horizons).

Cumulic feature: The mollic epipedon is greater than 24 inches (60 cm) thick.

The classification was changed in 1992 from Cumulic Haplaquolls to Cumulic Endoaquolls.

Taxonomic Version: Eleventh Edition, 2010.

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.