LOCATION CANDYMOUNTAIN CA
Established Series
Rev. FWH/FFH/JJJ/JPS/RLM
07/2016
CANDYMOUNTAIN SERIES
The Candymountain series consists of very deep, well drained soils formed in marine deposits from mixed sources. Candymountain soils are on uplifted marine terraces and hillslopes on slopes of 0 to 75 percent. The mean annual precipitation is about 1500 millimeters (59 inches) and mean annual temperature is about 11 degrees C (52 degrees F).
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-loamy, mixed, superactive, isomesic Typic Humudepts
TYPICAL PEDON: Candymountain loam on a southwest facing, linear slope of 2 percent under redwood, Sitka spruce, sword fern, evergreen huckleberry and salal at an elevation of 97 meters (320 feet). (Colors are for moist soils unless otherwise stated. When described on March 27, 2008 the soil was slightly moist throughout.)
Oi--0 to 2 centimeters (0 to 1 inches); very dark brown (10YR 2/2) slightly decomposed needles, leaves and twigs, dark brown (10YR 3/3) dry; 95 percent unrubbed, 85 percent rubbed; loose, loose, nonsticky and nonplastic; common very fine and fine, and many medium and coarse roots throughout; many very fine and fine irregular, and many very fine and fine tubular pores; very strongly acid (pH 5.0); clear smooth boundary. (Thickness of the Oi horizon is 0 to 10 centimeters (0 to 4 inches)
A--2 to 28 centimeters (1 to 11 inches); very dark brown (7.5YR 2.5/2) fine sandy loam, brown (7.5YR 4/3) dry; weak very fine and fine subangular structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky and slightly plastic; common very fine and many medium and coarse roots throughout; common very fine and fine irregular and many very fine, and common fine tubular pores; 1 percent subrounded gravel; moderately acid (pH 5.8); clear wavy boundary. Thickness of the A horizons is 19 to 50 centimeters
Bt1--28 to 49 centimeters (11 to 19 inches); dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) sandy loam, strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) dry; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine, fine, medium, and coarse roots throughout; common very fine and fine irregular and common very fine and fine tubular pores; few faint clay films on all faces of peds; moderately acid (pH 5.8); clear wavy boundary.
Bt2--49 to 84 centimeters (19 to 33 inches); dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) fine sandy loam, brown (7.5YR 5/4) dry; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable; slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine, fine, medium and coarse roots throughout; common very fine and fine tubular, and common very fine and fine irregular, pores; few faint clay films on all faces of peds; 2 percent moderately cemented and 1 percent very strongly cemented subrounded gravel; moderately acid (pH 5.9); clear wavy boundary. Thickness of the B horizons combined is 20 to 100 centimeters.
BCt--84 to 138 centimeters (33 to 54 inches); dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) fine sandy loam, brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) dry; weak fine subangular blocky; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; common very fine and fine throughout; common very fine and fine irregular and common very fine and fine tubular pores; few faint clay bridges between sand grains; 1 percent moderately cemented and 3 percent very strongly cemented subrounded gravel; moderately acid (pH 5.7); clear smooth boundary.
CBt--138 to 160 centimeters (54 to 63 inches); olive brown (2.5Y 4/3) fine sand, light yellowish brown (2.5Y 6/3) dry; single grain; loose, loose, nonsticky and nonplastic; common very fine and fine interstitial pores; very few faint clay bridges between sand grains; moderately acid (pH 5.7); clear smooth boundary.
C--160 to 172 centimeters (63 to 68 inches); olive brown (2.5Y 4/3) fine sand, light yellowish brown (2.5Y 6/3) dry; single grain; loose, loose, nonsticky and nonplastic; many very fine and common fine interstitial pores; moderately acid (pH 6.0). (Combined thickness of C horizon is between 12 and 65 centimeters)
TYPE LOCATION: Humboldt County, California; 1.5 kilometers (.9 miles) north of Big Lagoon, California; USGS Trinidad Quadrangle; WGS84 Decimal Degrees 41.1460833 latitude, -124.1353611 longitude; UTM Zone 10 404724mE 4555595mN; NAD83.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture: The soil is usually moist in all parts in the soil moisture control section in most years, but becomes nearly dry in the upper part from about September 15 to October 15 in most years. The soils have an udic soil moisture regime.
Soil temperature: The mean annual soil temperature is 11 to 13 degrees C (52 to 55 degrees F). The difference between mean summer and mean winter temperature is 2 to 4 degrees C. The soils have an isomesic temperature regime.
The umbric epipedon is 20 to 49 (8 to 19 inches) centimeters thick.
Base Saturation, by ammonium acetate, is less than 60 percent between depths of 25 to 75 centimeters.
Particle-Size Control Section (weighted average):
Clay content: 11 to 17 percent clay
O horizon
Hue: 10YR
Value: 2 through 4, 3 through 6 dry
Chroma: 2 through 4 dry and moist
Texture: slightly decomposed organic material
Reaction: moderately to very strongly acid
A horizon
Hue: 10YR or 7.5YR
Value:2 through 3 , 4 or 5 dry
Chroma: 1through 3, 2 through 4 dry
Texture of fine earth: fine sandy loam, sandy loam, or loam
Rock fragments: 0 to 2 percent gravel
Clay content: 13 to 20 percent
Reaction: moderately to very strongly acid
B horizon
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 3 through 5, 5 through 7 dry
Chroma: 2 through 6, 3 through 6 dry
Texture of fine earth: very fine sandy loam, fine sandy loam, or sandy loam
Clay content: 12 to 18 percent
Rock Fragments: 0 to 5 percent gravel and 0 to 10 percent paragravel
Reaction: very strongly to moderately acid
C horizon
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 3 through 5, 6 or 7 dry
Chroma: 3 through 6 moist or dry
Texture of fine earth: loamy very fine sand, loamy fine sand, fine sand, loamy sand, very fine sand, loamy course sand, sand, or gravelly sand.
Clay content: 1 to 10 percent
Rock Fragments: 0 to 25 percent total, gravel and paragravel
Reaction: very strongly to moderately acid
COMPETING SERIES: There are no competing series at this time.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Candymountain soils are on marine terraces and risers and dissected marine terraces with hillslopes replacing risers . Slopes are 0 to 75 percent. The soils formed in marine deposits from mixed sources. Elevations are 4 to 183 meters (10 to 600 feet). A strong marine influence limits the diurnal and annual range of temperature. The climate is humid with cool, foggy summers and cool, wet winters. The mean annual temperature is 10 to 12 degrees C (50 to 53 degrees F). The mean annual precipitation is 890 to 2285 millimeters (35 to 90 inches). The frost-free period is 275 to 325 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the
Arcata,
Espa,
Lepoil,
Timmons and
Megwil soils. Arcata soils have an umbric epipedon that is 50 (20 inches) centimeters or more thick. Arcata, Megwill and Timmons soils occur under cultivated or cleared conditions where the difference between mean winter and mean summer soil temperature is 6 degrees C or greater. Espa, Lepoil, Timmons and Megwil soils lack cambic horizons and have greater than 18 percent clay in the particle size control section.
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Well drained; surface runoff under bare soil conditions is moderate; saturated hydraulic conductivity is moderately high.
USE AND VEGETATION: This soil is used predominantly for timber production, recreation and urban development. Natural vegetation includes redwood with scattered Sitka spruce and red alder, salal, western swordfern, redwood sorrel, cascara and red huckleberry.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Coastal Redwood Belts; MLRA 4B. The series is of small extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Davis, California.
SERIES PROPOSED: Humboldt and Del Norte Counties Soil Survey, Northern Part, California, January 2010. The name is from a mountain north of Trinidad, California.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
1. Umbric epipedon - the zone from 2 to 28 centimeters (A horizon).
2. Cambic horizon - the zone from 28 to 138 centimeters (Bt1, Bt2 and BCt horizons).
3. Particle-size control section - the zone from 27 to 102 centimeters, averages 15 percent clay, 52 percent fine sand or coarser by weight, 1 percent rock fragments, by volume (A and Bw horizons)
ADDITIONAL DATA:
Soil classified using the 12th Edition of the Keys to Soil Taxonomy.
NASIS User Pedon ID 08CA605229
NSSL, Lincoln Lab sample number 08N0452
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.