LOCATION CARLSHEND MIEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy, mixed, superactive, frigid, shallow Oxyaquic Haplorthods
TYPICAL PEDON: Carlshend fine sandy loam on a 4 percent slope in a forested area at an elevation of 1,020 feet. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated. When described on July 29, 1993, the soil was moist throughout).
Oa--0 to 1 inch; black (N 2.5/0) well decomposed forest litter; moderate fine granular structure; very friable; many very fine to coarse roots; very strongly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (0 to 3 inches thick)
E--1 to 3 inches; dark reddish gray (5YR 4/2) fine sandy loam, light gray (5YR 7/1) dry; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; many very fine to coarse roots; about 2 percent gravel; strongly acid; abrupt wavy boundary. (1 to 4 inches thick)
Bhs--3 to 6 inches; dark reddish brown (5YR 3/2) fine sandy loam; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; friable; many very fine to coarse roots; about 2 percent gravel; strongly acid;clear wavy boundary. (1 to 4 inches thick)
Bs--6 to 14 inches; dark reddish brown (5YR 3/4) fine sandy loam; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; friable; many very fine to coarse roots; about 2 percent gravel; strongly acid; abrupt wavy boundary. (4 to 10 inches thick)
2Cr--14 to 25 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) weathered sandstone; massive; very firm; few very fine to medium roots; common medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) and common medium faint pale brown (10YR 6/3) masses of iron accumulation; few very fine to medium roots; moderately acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (2 to 16 inches thick)
2R--25 inches; light gray (10YR 7/2) and pale brown (10YR 6/3) sandstone bedrock.
TYPE LOCATION: Marquette County, Michigan; 2,300 feet east and 900 feet north of southwest corner of sec. 20, T.46N., R.23W. USGS Carlshend topographic quadrangle, Latitude 46 degrees 22 minutes 03 seconds, Longitude 87 degrees 12 minutes 36 seconds.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: (Unless otherwise stated, depth ranges in this paragraph are measured from the top of the mineral surface to the designated depth.) Depth to the 2Cr horizon ranges from 10 to 20 inches and depth to a lithic contact ranges from 20 to 40 inches. Cobble and gravel content ranges from 0 to 10 percent in the solum.
The A horizon, not in all pedons, has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 2 or 3 and chroma of 1 or 2. It is fine sandy loam or sandy loam. Reaction is very strongly acid or strongly acid.
The E horizon has hue of 5YR or 7.5YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 2 or 3. It is fine sandy loam or sandy loam. Reaction is very strongly acid or strongly acid.
The Bhs horizon has hue of 5YR or 7.5 YR, with values and chromas of 2 or 3. It is fine sandy loam or sandy loam. Reaction is very strongly acid or strongly acid.
The Bs horizon has hue of 5YR or 7.5YR, with values and chromas of 3 or 4. Value and chroma of 3 do not occur together. It is fine sandy loam or sandy loam. Reaction is very strongly acid or strongly acid.
The 2Cr horizon has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, values and chromas of 4 to 6. The weathered sandstone textures are loamy fine sand, loamy sand, fine sand or sand. Reaction is strongly acid or moderately acid.
COMPETING SERIES: There are no competing series.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Carlshend soils are on ground moraines overlying sandstone bedrock. Slopes range from 1 to 6 percent. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 30 to 34 inches. Mean annual temperature ranges from 40 to 44 degrees F. Elevations range from 650 to 1100 feet. There are 100 to 140 frost free days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Jeske, Jacobsville, Zeba, and Munising soils. The somewhat poorly drained Jeske and Zeba soils and the poorly drained Jacobsville soils are on lower landscape positions. The moderately well drained Munising soils are on similar landscape positions.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Moderately well drained. The soil has a seasonal high water table that is perched above the sandstone bedrock from 1 foot below the surface from October to May. Permeability is moderate in the solum and moderately slow in the 2Cr horizon. Surface runoff is slow.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas of this soil are forested. Common tree species are sugar maple, red maple, yellow birch, eastern hemlock, and balsam fir. Significant amounts of quaking aspen are present depending on past management. Common ground plants include spinulose shield fern, oak fern, shining clubmoss, and wild lilly-of-the-valley.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Central Upper Peninsula of Michigan. The series is of small extent. MLRA is 93.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Marquette County, Michigan; 1998. Source of name is a small community in Marquette County.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in the pedon are: Albic horizon - the zone from 1 to 3 inches (E horizon); Spodic horizon - the zone from 3 to 14 inches (Bhs and Bs horizons); Oxyaquic subgroup - the soil is saturated with water from 12 to 24 inches for 1 month or more per year in 6 or more out of 10 years.