LOCATION CARMAN                  OK

Established Series
Rev. CRC:JGF:JLD
02/2016

CARMAN SERIES

The Carman series consists of very deep, moderately well drained, moderate to moderately slowly permeable soils formed in calcareous, loamy, old alluvium of Pleistocene age. These soils are on nearly level to very gently sloping areas of old stream terraces along the western side of the Central Rolling Red Prairies (MLRA 80A). Slope ranges from 0 to 3 percent. Mean annual precipitation is 69 mm (27 in), and the mean annual temperature is 15 degrees C (59 degrees F).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, thermic Udic Argiustolls

TYPICAL PEDON: Carman loam - cultivated, at an elevation of 418 m (1370 ft). (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated.)

Ap--0 to 25 cm (0 to 10 in); brown (10YR 4/3), crushed, loam, dark brown (10YR 3/3), crushed, moist; moderate fine and medium granular structure; slightly hard, friable; common very fine and fine roots throughout; many very fine and fine moderate continuity vesicular and tubular pores; common fine irregular carbonate concretions throughout; slightly effervescent throughout (HCl, unspecified); moderately alkaline; abrupt smooth boundary. (Thickness of the A horizon is 18 to 30 cm [7 to 12 in])

Btk1--25 to 76 cm (10 to 30 in); yellowish red (5YR 5/6), interior, clay loam, yellowish red (5YR 4/6), interior, moist; moderate medium prismatic structure parting to moderate medium and coarse subangular blocky; hard, firm; common very fine and fine roots throughout; many very fine and fine moderate continuity vesicular and tubular pores; common distinct clay films on faces of peds and in pores; common fine prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) masses of oxidized iron throughout; few fine prominent grayish brown (10YR 5/2) redox depletion masses along root channels; common fine and medium irregular soft masses of calcium carbonate throughout; common fine irregular soft accumulations of iron-manganese throughout; strongly effervescent throughout (HCl, unspecified); moderately alkaline; clear wavy boundary.

Btk2--76 to 94 cm (30 to 37 in); yellowish red (5YR 5/6), interior, fine sandy loam, yellowish red (5YR 4/6), interior, moist; weak medium and coarse prismatic structure; hard, friable; common very fine and fine roots throughout; common very fine low continuity vesicular and tubular pores; few faint clay films on faces of peds and in pores; common distinct discontinuous clay bridging between sand grains; few fine prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) masses of oxidized iron throughout; few fine prominent grayish brown (10YR 5/2) redox depletions along root channels; common fine and medium irregular soft masses of calcium carbonate throughout; common fine irregular soft accumulations of iron-manganese throughout; strongly effervescent throughout (HCl, unspecified); moderately alkaline; clear wavy boundary.

Btk3--94 to 145 cm (37 to 57 in); yellowish red (5YR 5/6), interior, clay loam, yellowish red (5YR 4/6), interior, moist; moderate medium prismatic structure parting to moderate medium and coarse subangular blocky; very hard, firm; common very fine and fine roots throughout; common very fine moderate continuity vesicular and tubular pores; few distinct clay films on faces of peds and in pores; common fine prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) masses of oxidized iron throughout; common fine prominent grayish brown (10YR 5/2) redox depletions along root channels; common fine and medium irregular soft masses of calcium carbonate throughout; common fine irregular soft accumulations of iron-manganese throughout; strongly effervescent throughout (HCl, unspecified); moderately alkaline; abrupt wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the Btk horizon is 51 to 130 cm [20 to 51 in])

C--145 to 178 cm (57 to 70 in); yellowish red (5YR 5/6), interior, sandy loam, yellowish red (5YR 4/6), interior, moist; massive; hard, friable; slightly effervescent throughout (HCl, unspecified); moderately alkaline. This horizon is saturated by a perched water table.

TYPE LOCATION: Woods County, Oklahoma; about 2 miles south and 2 miles west of Dacoma; 2300 feet south and 1950 feet east of the northwest corner of section 27, T. 25 N., R. 13 W;

USGS topographic quadrangle: Dacoma SE, OK
Latitude: 36 degrees, 37 minutes, .98 seconds N
Longitude: 98 degrees, 35 minutes, 16.73 seconds W
Datum: NAD 83

Decimal Degrees
Latitude: 36.61694
Longitude: -98.58798

UTM Easting: 536846 m
UTM Northing: 4058462 m
UTM Zone: 14

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Solum thickness: more than 152 cm (60 in)
Depth to redoximorphic features: 20 to 102 cm (8 to 40 in), but when depletions of chroma 2 or less are found above 76 cm (30 in) they are typically found only in root channels.
Depth to water table: ranges from 51 to 152 cm (40 to 60 in)

A horizon:
Hue: 5YR to 10YR
Value: 4 dry, 3 moist
Chroma: 2 or 3 dry or moist
Texture: fine sandy loam, loam, or clay loam
Identifiable secondary carbonate: amount-3 percent; size-fine; kind-concretions; location-throughout
Effervescence: slight
Reaction: moderately alkaline

Btk horizons:
Hue: 2.5YR to 7.5YR
Value: 5 dry, 4 moist
Chroma: 6 dry or moist
Texture: loam, clay loam or sandy clay loam with some pedons having layers of sandy loam or fine sandy loam less than 25 cm (10 in) thick in the lower part.
Clay films: amount-common; contrast-distinct; location-ped faces
Redox concentrations: amount-5 percent; size-fine; contrast-prominent; colors-shades of brown; location-throughout
Redox depletions: amount-1 percent; size-fine; contrast-prominent; colors-shades of brown; location-throughout
Iron-manganese concentrations: amount-6 percent; size-fine; kind-masses
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 5 to 15 percent
Identifiable secondary carbonates: amount-10 percent; size-fine and medium; kind-masses; location-throughout
Effervescence: strong
Reaction: moderately alkaline

BCk horizon where present:
Hue: 2.5YR to 7.5YR
Value: 5 dry, 4 moist
Chroma: 6 dry or moist
Texture: loam, clay loam or sandy clay loam with some pedons having layers of sandy loam or fine sandy loam less than 25 cm (10 in) thick in the lower part
Effervescence: strong
Reaction: moderately alkaline

C horizon:
Hue: 2.5YR to 7.5YR
Value: 5 dry, 4 moist
Chroma: 6 dry or moist
Texture: loamy sand, sandy loam, and clay loam, some pedons have thin strata of coarser and finer textured materials
Other features: This horizon is saturated by a perched water table part of the year
Effervescence: slight
Reaction: moderately alkaline

Some pedons have a 2C or 2Cr horizon below 152 cm (60 in)

COMPETING SERIES: These are the Lovedale, Milan, Ravia, Schulenburg, and Waynoka series in the same family. All of these soils except Schulenburg do not have carbonates within 76 cm (30 in) of the soil surface.
Ravia soils: formed in granitic material and have granite fragments throughout the profile
Schulenburg soils: have secondary carbonates at 56 to 91 cm (22 to 36 in) and do not have redoximorphic depletions
Waynoka soils: have a lithologic discontinuity between 76 to 152 cm (30 and 60 in)

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material: formed in calcareous, loamy, old alluvium
Landscape: alluvial plains
Landform: nearly level to very gently sloping remnants of old terraces that have been partially covered by more recent sandier sediments
Slope: 0 to 3 percent
Mean annual precipitation: 737 to 787 mm (29 to 31 in)
Mean annual air temperature: 13.9 to 16.1 degrees C (57 to 61 degrees F)
Frost-free period: 181 to 240 days
Elevation: 396 to 473 m (1300 to 1550 ft)

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Devol, Eda, Ruella, and Waynoka series.
Devol and Eda soils: are found on higher areas, are less clayey, do not have carbonates within 91 cm (36 in), and do not have a mollic epipedon
Ruella soils: are on slightly higher areas, do not have an argillic horizon or mollic epipedon
Waynoka soils: are on similar areas, do not have carbonates within 76 cm (30 in), and have a lithologic discontinuity within the profile

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY:
Drainage: moderately well drained
Permeability: moderate to moderately slow
Runoff: negligible to very low
Water table: A perched water table ranges in depth from 40 to 60 inches from January through June. Much of this water comes as seepage from surrounding higher areas.

USE AND VEGETATION: Carman soils are used mainly for cropland, but a few areas are used as native range or tame pasture. Native vegetation is tall and mid grasses.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: LRR-H; Central Rolling Red Prairies (MLRA-80A) of North-central Oklahoma and South-central Kansas. The series is not extensive.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Temple, Texas

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Woods County, Oklahoma, 1995

REMARKS:
Soil Interpretation Record: OK0418

Diagnostic horizons and features:
Mollic epipedon: 0 to 25 cm (0 to 10 in) (A horizon)
Pedogenic lime: present within 76 cm (30 in) of the soil surface
Argillic horizon: 23 to 145 cm (9 to 57 in) (Btk horizons)
Moisture regime: Udic-Ustic

ADDITIONAL DATA: None

Taxonomic Version: Keys to Soil Taxonomy, Twelfth Edition, 2014

---

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.