LOCATION CARMICHAEL MD+DE
Established Series
SYD-RT/Rev. MDJ
11/2015
CARMICHAEL SERIES
MLRA(s): 153C (Mid-Atlantic Coastal Plain)
Depth Class: Very deep
Drainage Class (Agricultural): Poorly drained
Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity Class: Moderately low to moderately high in the solum and high in the substratum
Permeability Class (obsolete): Moderate in the solum and rapid to slow in the substratum
Landscape: Coastal plain
Parent Material: Loamy eolian and/or fluviomarine sediments
Slope: 0 to 5 percent
Mean Annual Air Temperature (type location): 13 degrees C. (55 degrees F.)
Mean Annual Precipitation (type location): 1092 mm (43 inches)
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-loamy, mixed, active, mesic Typic Endoaquults
TYPICAL PEDON: Carmichael loam, on a zero percent slope, in a forested area. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise indicated.)
Oi--0 to 3 centimeters (0 to 1 inches); slightly decomposed needles, leaves, twigs, and other woody materials.
A--3 to 8 centimeters (1 to 3 inches); black (10YR 2/1) loam; weak fine subangular blocky structure; friable, slightly sticky, nonplastic; common very fine and fine roots throughout; few very fine and fine tubular pores; extremely acid; abrupt wavy boundary. (5 to 25 centimeters (2 to 10 inches) thick)
Eg--8 to 20 centimeters (3 to 8 inches); gray (2.5Y 6/1) loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable, slightly sticky, nonplastic; common very coarse and coarse and few fine roots throughout; common very fine and fine pores; common medium distinct brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) masses of iron accumulation throughout; extremely acid; clear smooth boundary. (0 to 25 centimeters (0 to 10 inches) thick)
BEg--20 to 38 centimeters (8 to 15 inches); light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable, slightly sticky, non-plastic; common fine and few very fine roots throughout; few very fine and fine pores; common medium distinct dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) and many medium and coarse distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation throughout; extremely acid; clear smooth boundary. (0 to 20 centimeters (0 to 8 inches) thick)
Btg1--38 to 48 centimeters (15 to 19 inches); dark gray (N 4/0) loam; moderate medium platy structure; firm, slightly sticky, slightly plastic; common fine roots between peds and few very coarse roots throughout; common very fine and fine pores; common medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation, and common fine and medium distinct light gray (2.5Y 7/2) zones of iron depletion; 2 percent subrounded mixed gravel; extremely acid; clear wavy boundary.
Btg2-- 48 to 64 centimeters (19 to 25 inches); light gray (10YR 7/1) and light olive gray (5Y 6/2) silt loam; weak coarse and very coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; firm, slightly sticky, slightly plastic; brittle when moist in some parts of the matrix; common fine roots in cracks and few very coarse roots between peds; common fine pores; few prominent continuous gray (10YR 5/1) clay films on vertical and horizontal faces of peds; common medium distinct brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) masses of iron accumulations and common medium faint white (N 8/0) iron depletions; 2 percent subrounded mixed gravel; extremely acid; clear wavy boundary.
Btg3-- 64 to 84 centimeters (25 to 33 inches); light olive gray (5Y 6/2) and light gray (10YR 7/1) silt loam; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to weak medium subangular blocky; firm, slightly sticky, slightly plastic; brittle when moist in some parts of the matrix; very few very coarse roots in cracks and few fine and medium roots between peds; common very fine tubular pores; few prominent continuous gray (10YR 5/1) clay films on vertical and horizontal faces of peds; common coarse prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) and common medium prominent brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) masses of iron accumulation; extremely acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of the Btg horizon ranges from 33 to 102 centimeters (13 to 40 inches))
2Cg1--84 to 94 centimeters (33 to 37 inches); 60 percent light gray (10YR 7/2) and 40 percent white (10YR 8/1) sand; single grain; loose; few medium roots; few very fine pores; very strongly acid; abrupt smooth boundary.
3Cg2--94 to 117 centimeters (37 to 46 inches); 50 percent gray (10YR 5/1) and 50 percent light gray (10YR 7/1) sandy loam; massive; friable; slightly sticky; very few fine roots in cracks; few very fine and fine tubular pores; few dark gray (7.5YR 4/1) clay films on upper surfaces of peds; many medium distinct brownish yellow (10YR 6/8) masses of iron accumulation; 2 percent subrounded mixed gravel; extremely acid; abrupt irregular boundary.
3Cg3--117 to 132 centimeters (46 to 52 inches); light gray (5Y 7/1) sandy loam; massive; friable, slightly sticky, slightly plastic; few very fine and fine tubular pores; few fine prominent brown (7.5YR 5/2) oxidized zones around roots and root channels; 1 percent subrounded mixed gravel; extremely acid; clear wavy boundary.
3Cg4--132 to 157 centimeters (52 to 62 inches); light gray (5Y 7/1) sandy loam; massive; very friable, slightly sticky, non-plastic; few very fine and fine pores; common medium distinct brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) and common fine prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation; common medium faint white (N 8/0) zones of iron depletion; 2 percent subrounded mixed gravel; extremely acid.
TYPE LOCATION:
Queen Anne's County, Maryland; southeast of the town of Roberts, approximately 1 kilometer (1.3 miles) south of the intersection of Route 19 and Carter Rd., 80 meters (250 feet) southwest of Carter Road in wooded area. Enter woods from Carter Rd., 35 meters (120 feet) northwest of driveway that is on the north side of Carter Rd. USGS Price, MD topographic quadrangle; latitude 39 degrees, 5 minutes, 23 seconds N. latitude; and longitude 75 degrees, 54 minutes, 1 second W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Solum Thickness: 61 to 152 centimeters (24 to 60 inches)
Depth to Bedrock: Greater than 200 centimeters (80 inches)
Depth to Seasonal High Water Table: 0 to 25 centimeters (0 to 10 inches), January to May
Rock Fragment content: 0 to 5 percent, by volume, mostly chert and quartzite in the solum and 0 to 15% in the C horizon
Soil Reaction: Extremely acid to moderately acid, except where limed
Range of Individual Horizons:
A or Ap horizon (if it occurs):
Color--hue of 10YR, value of 2 to 5, and chroma of 1 to 3
Texture (fine-earth fraction)-loam or silt loam
Redoximorphic features (if they occur)--iron masses in shade of red, yellow,
or brown and iron depletions in shades of brown, yellow, olive, or gray
Eg horizon:
Color--hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 5 or 6, and chroma of 1 to 3
Texture (fine-earth fraction)-loam or less commonly silt loam
Redoximorphic features --iron masses in shade of red, yellow,
or brown and iron depletions in shades of brown, yellow, olive, or gray
BEg horizon:
Color--hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value 6, and chroma of 1 or 2
Texture (fine-earth fraction)-fine sandy loam or loam
Redoximorphic features --iron masses in shade of red, yellow,
or brown and iron depletions in shades of brown, yellow, olive, or gray
Btg horizon:
Color--hue of 10YR to 5Y, value of 4 to 7, and chroma of 0 to 2
Texture (fine-earth fraction)-loam or silt loam
Redoximorphic features --iron masses in shade of red, yellow,
or brown and iron depletions in shades of brown, yellow, olive, or gray
2Cg or 3Cg horizon:
Color--hue of 7.5YR or 5Y, value of 3 to 7, and chroma of 0 to 2
Texture (fine-earth fraction) - It is commonly sand, loamy sand, or sandy loam, but ranges to loam and silt loam. It is frequently stratified
Redoximorphic features --iron masses in shade of red, yellow,
or brown and iron depletions in shades of brown, yellow, olive, or gray
COMPETING SERIES:
There are no other known series in this family. Closely related series are
Chatuge soils -- have greater than 18 percent clay in the particle size control section.
Fallsington soils -- have greater than 18 percent clay in the particle size control section.
Hurlock soils -- have siliceous mineralogy and do not allow textures of loam and silt loam in the solum
Leonardtown soils -- have a fragipan, and greater than 18 percent clay and less than 15 percent very fine sand and coarser in the particle size control section.
Nimmo soils -- are thermic.
Weston soils -- are thermic.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Landscape: Coastal plain, upland
Landform: Flats and depressions
Parent Material: Loamy eolian and/or fluviomarine sediments
Slope: 0 to 5 percent
Elevation: 0.3 to 37 meters (1 to 120 feet)
Frost-free period: 180 to 220 days
Mean Annual Air Temperature: 13 degrees Celsius (55 degrees F.)
Mean Annual Precipitation: 1092 millimeters (43 inches)
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
Fallsington soils -- have greater than 18 percent clay in the control section
Hammonton soils -- are moderately well drained
Hurlock soils -- have sandy loam textures in the solum and less than 35 percent silt in the solum section
Ingleside soils -- are well drained with a wet substratum
Pineyneck soils -- are moderately well drained
Pone soils -- are very poorly drained
Unicorn soils -- are well drained with a wet substratum
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Drainage Class (Agricultural): Poorly drained
Internal Free Water Occurrence: Very shallow; common (3 to 6 months)
Index Surface Runoff: Low
Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity Class: Moderately low to moderately high in the solum and high in the substratum
Permeability Class (obsolete): Moderate in the solum and rapid to slow in the substratum
Flooding Frequency and Duration: None
Ponding Frequency and Duration: Occasional
USE AND VEGETATION:
Major Uses: Woodland and cropland to a limited extent.
Dominant Vegetation: Where cultivated--Carmichael soils are usually wooded, but some areas have been drained for the production of corn, wheat, soybeans, and barley. Where wooded -- Areas of second growth forest contain southern red oak (Quercus rubra), black gum (Nyssa sylvatica), sweet gum (Liquidambar styraciflua), red maple (Acer rubrum), willow oak (Quercus phellos), and black oak (Quercus velutina), holly (Ilex opaca), and persimmon (Diospyros virginiana) in the canopy; and sweet pepperbush (Clethra alnifolia), swamp azalea (Rhododendron viscosum), highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum), fetterbush (Leucothoe racemosa), greenbriar (Smilax rotundifolia), black cherry (Prunus serotina), and northern arrowwood (Viburnum recognitum) in the understory.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
Distribution: Coastal plain of Maryland
Extent: Moderately extensive
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: RALEIGH, NORTH CAROLINA
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Queen Anne's County, Maryland, 1995.
REMARKS:
Carmichael soils were formerly included in the Fallsington series. It is distinguished from Fallsington soils by having a particle size control section that is coarse-loamy rather than fine-loamy. Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
1) an ochric epipedon;
2) an argillic horizon;
3) redoximorphic features in all layers between the Ap horizon or 25 centimeters (10 inches), whichever is deeper, and a depth of 41 centimeters (16 inches), with dominant matrix chroma of 1 or less, or of 2 or less with redox concentrations.
4) "fragic properties" - coarse prismatic structure in parts of the Btg, and brittleness in 20 to 60 percent of the Btg matrix
09/2011 revisions included:
1) Revisions to formatting and data consistency with NASIS.
2) Revisions made to include NASIS information and laboratory data
ADDITIONAL DATA:
Data from characterization samples is available from the University of Maryland, College Park as S93MD035-040, S93MD035-044, S94MD035-062
NSSL for the following pedons:
Database Information:
OSD Data Mapunit ID: To be developed
Typical Pedon Data Mapunit ID: 494015
OSD User Pedon ID: 02MD035001_Carmichael
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.