LOCATION CENTRALIA WA
Established Series
Rev. RLE/DRU/EED
09/2019
CENTRALIA SERIES
Landscape--foothills, mountains
Landform--hillslopes, mountain slopes
Slope--0 to 65 percent
Parent material--colluvium and residuum derived from sandstone
Mean annual precipitation--about 1400 mm
Mean annual air temperature--about 10 degrees C
Depth class--very deep
Drainage class--well drained
Soil moisture regime--xeric
Soil temperature regime--mesic
Soil moisture subclass--typic
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Xeric Palehumults
TYPICAL PEDON: Centralia loam, forested, on a 20-percent, convex, southeast-facing shoulder slope at an elevation of 170 m (The soil was moist when described.)
Oi--0 to 3 cm; slightly decomposed plant material; abrupt smooth boundary
Oe--3 to 4 cm; moderately decomposed plant material; abrupt smooth boundary
A1--4 to 24 cm; loam, grayish brown (10YR5/2) dry, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; weak fine subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many fine, medium, and coarse roots; many very fine irregular pores; strongly acid (pH 5.4); clear wavy boundary
A2--24 to 47 cm; loam, brown (10YR 5/3) dry, dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; weak fine subangular blocky structure; hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many fine, medium, and coarse roots; many very fine, fine, and medium tubular pores; moderately acid (pH 5.6); clear wavy boundary
Bt1--47 to 70 cm; clay loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) dry, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; hard, firm, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine and fine and few medium and coarse roots; many fine and medium tubular pores; 15 percent distinct clay films on surfaces along pores and 20 percent distinct clay films on all faces of peds; moderately acid (pH 5.6); clear wavy boundary
Bt2--70 to 100 cm; clay loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) dry, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; hard, firm, slightly sticky and moderately plastic; common very fine and fine and few medium and coarse roots; many very fine and fine tubular pores; 30 percent distinct clay films on surfaces along pores and 35 percent distinct clay films on all faces of peds; strongly acid (pH 5.4); clear wavy boundary
BCt--100 to 128 cm; clay loam, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) dry, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) moist; 1 percent medium prominent dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) mottles and 1 percent medium prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) mottles; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; hard, firm, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; few fine, medium, and coarse roots; common very fine and fine tubular pores; 30 percent distinct clay films on surfaces along pores and 35 percent distinct clay films on all faces of peds; very strongly acid (pH 5.0); clear wavy boundary
C--128 to 150 cm; clay loam, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) dry, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) moist; 10 percent medium prominent yellowish red (5YR 5/8) mottles and 10 percent medium prominent reddish yellow (5YR 6/8) mottles; massive; few fine, medium, and coarse roots; 5 percent sandstone paragravel
TYPE LOCATION: Lewis County, Washington, about 14.5 km east of Centralia and 30 m north of road; about 260 m north and 150 m west of the southeast corner of section 26, T. 15 N., R. 1 W., Willamette Meridian; latitude 46.7518330 degrees north, longitude 122.7624810 degrees west, WGS 84 (coordinates estimated from PLSS details)
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Mean annual soil temperature--9 to 12 degrees C
Soil moisture control section--dry 45 to 60 days following summer solstice
Thickness of umbric epipedon--25 to 50 cm
Thickness of argillic horizon--55 to 150 cm or more
Base saturation (by sum)--less than 35 percent at a depth of 125 cm below the top of the argillic horizon
Particle-size control section--25 to 35 percent clay (weighted average)
A horizon
Hue--10YR, 7.5YR
Value--2, 2.5, or 3 moist, 3 to 5 dry
Chroma--2 or 3 moist or dry
Fine-earth texture--loam, silt loam
Clay content--15 to 27 percent
Gravel content--0 to 10 percent
Content of iron-manganese concretions--0 to 5 percent; 2 to 5 mm in diameter
Reaction (pH)--4.5 to 6.5
Combined thickness--25 to 50 cm
Bt horizon
Hue--10YR, 7.5YR
Value--3 to 5 moist, 5 or 6 dry
Chroma--2 to 4 moist, 2 to 6 dry
Fine-earth texture--silty clay loam, clay loam, loam, silt loam
Clay content--25 to 35 percent
Reaction (pH)--4.5 to 6.0
Thickness--35 to 75 cm
BCt horizon
Hue--10YR, 7.5YR, 2.5Y
Value--4 or 5 moist, 5 or 6 dry
Chroma--2 to 4 moist or dry
Color of mottles--hue of 10YR or 7.5YR; value of 4 or 5 moist or dry; chroma of 4 to 6 moist or dry
Fine-earth texture--loam, silt loam, fine sandy loam
Clay content--20 to 35 percent
Pararock fragment content--0 to 15 percent paragravel
Reaction (pH)--4.5 to 5.5
Thickness--0 to 30 cm
C horizon
Hue--10YR, 7.5YR
Value--4 to 6 moist, 5 to 8 dry
Chroma--2 to 8 moist or dry
Color of mottles--hue of 10YR to 5YR; value of 4 to 6 moist or dry; chroma of 4 to 8 moist or dry
Fine-earth texture--loam, silty clay loam, clay loam
Clay content--20 to 35 percent
Pararock fragment content--0 to 35 percent paragravel
Reaction (pH)--4.5 to 5.5
COMPETING SERIES:
Buckpeak--25 to 60 percent pararock fragments and silty clay loam or loam in particle-size control section
Flyat--hue of 10YR or 2.5Y throughout; as much as 35 percent indurated coarse fragments in particle-size control section; dry in soil moisture control section more than 60 days following summer solstice; frost-free period of 240 to 280 days
Highoaks--moist chroma higher than 3 near the surface (ochric epipedon); as much as 35 percent indurated coarse fragments in particle-size control section; dry in soil moisture control section more than 60 days following summer solstice
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Elevation--5 to 490 m
Mean annual precipitation--1000 to 1800 mm
Mean annual air temperature--8 to 11 degrees C
Frost-free period--150 to 200 days
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
Baumgard--100 to 150 cm (deep) to a lithic contact (andesite); on similar landforms
Galvin--aquic conditions at a depth of 20 to 50 cm from the soil surface; on downslope alluvial fans and terraces
Lacamas--aquic conditions to the soil surface; on adjacent foot slopes, concave terraces, and plains
Melbourne--more than 35 percent clay in particle-size control section; on similar landforms
Olequa--less than 15 percent sand in particle-size control section; on adjacent downslope terraces and escarpments
Olympic--more than 35 percent clay in particle-size control section; on upslope stable summits and ridgetops
Prather--aquic conditions at a depth of 50 to 75 cm from the soil surface; on adjacent terraces and plains
Salkum--more than 35 percent clay in particle-size control section; on adjacent glacial terraces, escarpments, and hills
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Drainage class--well drained
Saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat)--moderately high or high throughout
USE AND VEGETATION:
Use--timber production, wildlife habitat, watershed, crop production and homesite development in cleared areas
Native vegetation--Douglas-fir, western hemlock, western redcedar, red alder, bigleaf maple, bitter cherry, salal, Cascade Oregon grape, western swordfern, western brackenfern, trailing blackberry, red huckleberry, Pacific trillium, vine maple
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Southwestern Washington; MLRA 1; moderate extent
SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (SSRO) RESPONSIBLE: Portland, Oregon
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Lewis County, Washington; 1976
REMARKS:
Diagnostic horizons and other features in this pedon
*Particle-size control section--zone from 47 to 97 cm
*Umbric epipedon--zone from 4 to 47 cm
*Argillic horizon--zone from 47 to 128
3/2017--Edited according to SSR01 Technical Note--Content and Format of Official Series Descriptions (revised 12/2015)
10/2002--Previously classified as fine-loamy, mixed, mesic Xeric Haplohumults; change based on re-establishing Palehumults in the National Soil Taxonomy Handbook, Issue No. 12
ADDITIONAL DATA: Characterization data--pedon number S84WA-015-005
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.