LOCATION CHAPPELL NE+CO SD WYEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Aridic Haplustolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Chappell fine sandy loam in native grass. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated.)
A1--0 to 18 centimeters 0 to 7 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) fine sandy loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; weak fine granular structure; slightly hard, friable; neutral; abrupt smooth boundary.
A2--18 43 centimeters (7 to 17 inches); dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) fine sandy loam, dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; weak medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable; neutral; clear smooth boundary. (7 to 20 inches thick)
Bw--43 to 64 centimeters (17 to 25 inches); brown (10YR 5/3) fine sandy loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) moist; weak fine and medium prismatic subangular bocky structure; slightly hard, friable; slightly alkaline; clear smooth boundary. (13 to 51 centimeters (5 to 20 inches) thick)
C1--64 to 89 centimeters (25 to 35 inches); pale brown (10YR 6/3) fine sandy loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; massive and slightly hard, friable; strong effervescence; moderately alkaline; gradual, smooth boundary. (0 to 38 centimeters (0 to 15 inches) thick)
2C2--89 to 152 centimeters (35 to 60 inches); very pale brown (10YR 7/4) gravelly coarse sand, light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) moist; single grain; loose; slightly alkaline; slight effervescence.
TYPE LOCATION: Keith County, Nebraska, about 1 miles south, 7 miles west of Bigsprings, Nebraska; 823 meters (2700 feet) west and 640 meters (2,100 feet) north of the southeast corner, section 30, T. 13 N., R. 40 W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Mean annual soil temperature: 9 to 14 degrees C, (49 to 57 degrees F)
Depth to abrupt textural change: 51 to 102 centimeters (20 to 40 inches)
Depth to secondary calcium carbonate: 38 to 76 centimeters (15 to 30 inches), averages about 25 inches but some profiles are noncalcareous
Depth to cambic horizon: 25 to 51 centimeters (10 to 20 inches)
Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 25 to 51 centimeters (10 to 20 inches), includes the A horizon and part of the upper B horizon
Thickness of the solum: 38 to 76 centimeters (15 to 30 inches)
Particle-size control section (weighted average):
Clay content: 5 to 18 percent
A horizon:
Hue: 10YR or 7.5YR
Value: 3 through 5, 2 or 3 moist
Chroma: 2 or 3
Texture: fine sandy loam or sandy loam and less commonly loam, or loamy sand
Reaction: slightly acid or neutral
Bw horizon:
Hue: 10YR or 7.5YR hue
Value: 3 through 6, 2 through 4 moist
Chroma: 2 or 3
Texture: fine sandy loam, or sandy loam
Reaction: slightly acid to moderately alkaline
BC or Bk horizon:
Hue: 10YR or 7.5YR hue
Value: 3 through 6, 2 through 4 moist
Chroma: 2 or 3
Texture: fine sandy loam, or sandy loam
Reaction: slightly acid to moderately alkaline
C horizon:
Hue: 10YR or 7.5YR
Value: 5 through 8, 4 through 6 moist
Chroma: 2 through 4
Texture: fine sandy loam, or sandy loam
Reaction: neutral to moderately alkaline
2C horizon:
Hue:10YR or 7.5YR
Value: 5 through 8, 4 through 6 moist
Chroma: 2 through 4
Texture: gravelly coarse sand, gravelly sand, or gravelly loamy sand
Reaction: neutral to moderately alkaline
COMPETING SERIES: These are the
Alice,
Blanche,
Busher,
Creighton,
Jayem,
Lexsworth,
Phiferson and
Stapleton soils.
Alice soils have finer sand throughout the solum, and lack the gravel and are fine-loamy over sandy or sandy-skeletal.
Blanche soils are Moderately deep over bedrock.
Busher soils are deep, and formed in material weathered from soft fine grain sandstone.
Creighton soils have finer sand throughout the solum, and lack the gravel.
Jayem soils have finer sand throughout the solum, and lack the gravel.
Lexsworth soils are moderately well drained and on flood plains.
Phiferson soils are moderately deep to sandstone.
Stapleton soils formed in sediments derived from arkose deposits and contain angular grantic sand and gravel.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material: gravelly and sandy colluvium and alluvium weathered from Tertiary formations and gravelly pleistocene terraces
Landform: stream terraces and alluvial fans
Slopes: 0 to 15 percent
Elevation: 762 to 1372 meter (2500 to 4500 feet)
Mean annual temperature: 8 to 13 degrees C (47 to 55 degrees F)
Mean annual precipitation: 33 to 43 centimeters (13 to 17 inches)
Frost-free period: 130 to 150 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: these are the
Alice,
Altvan,
Bayard,
Broadwater,
Cheyenne,
Duroc,
Dix,
Eckley,
Haverson and
Tripp.
Alice: have finer sand throughout the solum, and lack the gravel and are fine-loamy over sandy or sandy-skeletal
Altvan: are fine-loamy over sandy or sandy-skeletal
Bayard: lack the underlying gravel
Broadwater: are sandy
Cheyenne: are fine-loamy over sandy or sandy-skeletal
Duroc: are fine-silty
Dix: are sandy-skeletal
Eckley: are sandy-skeletal and have an argillic horizon
Haverson: are fine-loamy, stratified, calcareous and on bottom lands
Tripp: are coarse-silty and are mainly on old stream terraces along major streams
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Drainage: well drained
Runoff: low to moderate
Saturated hydraulic conductivity: high in the solum and high or very high in the underlying material
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas are cultivated.
The main crops are wheat and hay.
The native vegetation is Prairie sandreed, Sand bluestem and little bluestem
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Moderately extensive in western Nebraska, South Dakota, and eastern Colorado and Wyoming.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Denver, Colorado
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Kimball County, Nebraska, 1959.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Mollic epipedon: 25 to 51 centimeters (10 to 20 inches) (A and upper Bw horizons)
Cambic horizon: 13 to 51 centimeters (5 to 20 inches) thick (Bw horizon)
Lithologic discontinuity: 51 to 102 centimeters (20 at 40 inches) (2C horizon)
The type location was moved to Keith County, Nebraska 1/99.
Last updated by LM and JCR in 09/2005 to include metric conversion and changing permeability to saturated hydraulic conductivity