LOCATION CLANTON IAEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, illitic, mesic Mollic Hapludalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Clanton silt loam, on a northeast-facing slope of 15 percent, in a deciduous forest. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
A--0 to 20 centimeters; dark reddish brown (5YR 3/2) silt loam, brown (7.5YR 5/2) dry; weak fine platy and weak fine granular structure; friable; few peds of reddish brown (5YR 4/3) mixed in lower part; neutral; clear smooth boundary. (15 to 23 centimeters thick)
E--20 to 28 centimeters; reddish brown (5YR 4/3) silt loam, light reddish brown (5YR 6/3) dry; weak medium platy structure parting to weak medium subangular blocky; friable; common fine tubular pores; pink (5YR 7/3) dry, silt and fine sand coats on faces of peds; moderately acid; gradual smooth boundary. (0 to 15 centimeters thick)
2Bt1--28 to 43 centimeters; reddish brown (5YR 4/3) silty clay; moderate fine and very fine subangular blocky structure; very firm; common fine tubular pores; common distinct clay films on faces of peds; moderately acid; gradual smooth boundary.
2Bt2--43 to 74 centimeters; reddish brown (5YR 4/3) silty clay; moderate fine angular blocky structure; very firm; common fine tubular pores; many distinct clay films on faces of peds; very strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of the 2Bt horizon is 30 to 60 centimeters.)
2BC--74 to 96 centimeters; reddish brown (5YR 4/3) silty clay loam; weak coarse platy structure parting to weak medium subangular blocky (structure partly inherited from the shale); very firm; common distinct clay films on faces of peds; strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary. (20 to 30 centimeters thick)
2C--96 to 152 centimeters; reddish brown (5YR 4/3) silty clay loam; weak medium platy rock structure inherited from the shale; firm; common fine prominent light yellowish brown (2.5Y 6/4) redoximorphic concentrations; neutral.
TYPE LOCATION: Major Land Resource Area (MLRA) 108D-Illinois and Iowa Deep Loess and Drift, Western Part, Madison County, Iowa subset; about 2 miles west and 2 miles north of Truro; located about 1,380 feet west and 1,900 feet south of the northeast corner of section 6, T. 74 N., R. 26 W.; USGS East Peru topographic quadrangle; lat. 41 degrees 14 minutes 18 seconds N. and long. 93 degrees 53 minutes 25 seconds W; NAD83.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Depth to carbonates--more than 150 centimeters
Clay content in the particle-size control section (weighted average)--38 to 48 percent
Sand content in the particle-size control section (weighted average)--5 to 15 percent
A or Ap horizon:
Hue--5YR, 7.5YR, or 10YR
Value--3
Chroma--1 or 2
Texture--silt loam, silty clay loam, clay loam, or loam
Clay content--18 to 28 percent
Sand content--5 to 30 percent
Reaction--strongly acid to neutral
E horizon (when present):
Hue--5YR, 7.5YR, or 10YR
Value--4 or 5
Chroma--2 or 3
Texture--silt loam
Clay content--15 to 25 percent
Sand content--10 to 30 percent
Reaction--moderately acid or slightly acid
Where the soil is cultivated, the E horizon is partly or wholly mixed in the Ap horizon
Some pedons have a BE horizon
2Bt and 2BC horizons:
Hue--2.5YR, 5YR, 7.5YR, or 10YR
Value--3 to 5
Chroma--3 to 6
Texture--silty clay, clay, or silty clay loam
Clay content--38 to 48 percent
Sand content--5 to 20 percent
Reaction--very strongly acid to slightly acid
2C horizon:
Hue--2.5YR to 5Y
Value--4 to 6
Chroma--1 to 8
Texture--silty clay loam, silty clay, or clay
Clay content--35 to 50 percent
Sand content--5 to 20 percent
Reaction--slightly acid or neutral
COMPETING SERIES: There are no competing series in this family.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material--15 to 40 centimeters of silty or loamy sediments and in the underlying residuum from reddish, acid, Pennsylvania shale
Landform--the lower part of convex side slopes and escarpment-like areas that border major streams
Slope--9 to 35 percent
Elevation--200 to 460 meters above sea level
Mean annual air temperature--9 to 12 degrees C
Mean annual precipitation--840 to 1,040 millimeters
Frost-free period--175 to 210 days
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the
Gara,
Gosport,
Ladoga, and
Nordness soils.
Gara--are at a higher landscape positions on side slopes, have a clay content that averages 30 to 35 percent in the particle-size control section and have a sand content that averages 25 to 45 percent in the particle-size control section
Gosport--are on similar landscape positions as those of the Clanton soils and do not have an argillic horizon
Ladoga--are at a higher landscape positions on summits of interfluves and side slopes and have a sand content of less than 5 percent throughout the series control section
Nordness--are at slightly higher landscape positions and have a lithic contact with limestone within a depth of 50 centimeters
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Drainage class--moderately well drained--a frequently saturated zone occurs at a depth of 1.2 meters during the wettest periods of normal years, due to the matrix colors of the parent material, drainage class is difficult to determine, some areas may be seasonally wet because of side hill seeps
Saturated hydraulic conductivity--0.01 to 0.10 micrometers per second
Surface runoff potential--very high
USE AND VEGETATION:
Most areas are wooded and pastured. The native vegetation is big bluestem, little bluestem, switchgrass, other grasses of the tall grass prairie and widely spaced oak and hickory trees.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
Physiographic Division--Interior Plains
Physiographic Province--Central Lowland
Physiographic section--Dissected till plains
MLRAs--Illinois and Iowa Deep Loess and Drift, Western Part (108D) and Iowa and Missouri Heavy Till Plain (109)
LRR M; Southern Iowa
Extent--small
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Indianapolis, Indiana
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Appanoose County, Iowa, 1970.
REMARKS:
Particle-size control section--the zone from a depth of 28 to 74 centimeters;
series control section--the zone from the surface to a depth of 150 centimeters.
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon include:
ochric epipedon--the zone from the surface of the soil to a depth of 28 centimeters (A and E horizons);
argillic horizon--the zone from 28 to 74 centimeters (2Bt1 and 2Bt2 horizons);
udic moisture regime.
Taxonomy version--Keys to Soil Taxonomy, tenth edition, 2006.