LOCATION CLAYBURN UT+CO ID WY
Established Series
Rev. MEO/JPP/TWH
12/2022
CLAYBURN SERIES
The Clayburn series consists of very deep, well drained soils that formed in glacial drift, colluvium, or alluvium derived mainly from shale, sandstone, and andesite, with some basalt. Clayburn soils are on plateaus, hills, and mountain slopes. Slopes range from 2 to 65 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 30 inches and the mean annual temperature is about 40 degrees F.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive Pachic Argicryolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Clayburn loam in rangeland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.)
A1--0 to 2 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) sandy clay loam, very dark brown (10YR 2/2) moist; weak fine granular structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; many fine and few medium roots; slightly acid (pH 6.2); abrupt wavy boundary. (1 to 4 inches thick)
A2--2 to 12 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) loam, very dark brown (10YR 2/2) moist; weak medium granular structure; slightly hard, friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; many fine and few medium roots; many fine pores; slightly acid (pH 6.4); clear wavy boundary. (6 to 12 inches thick)
A3--12 to 18 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) loam, very dark brown (10YR 2/2) moist; weak fine subangular blocky structure parting to moderate medium granular; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many fine and medium roots; many fine pores; slightly acid (pH 6.4); abrupt irregular boundary. (3 to 12 inches thick)
BA--18 to 24 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) loam, dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; weak medium subangular blocky structure parting to fine subangular blocky; hard, friable, sticky and plastic; many fine and few medium roots; common fine pores; slightly acid (pH 6.3); clear wavy boundary. (3 to 6 inches thick)
Bt1--24 to 36 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) sandy clay loam, dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; weak coarse subangular blocky structure parting to moderate fine blocky; hard, firm, very sticky and very plastic; many fine roots; few fine pores; moderately thick continuous clay films; slightly acid (pH 6.2); clear wavy boundary.
Bt2--36 to 41 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) sandy clay loam, dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; weak coarse subangular blocky structure parting to moderate fine blocky; hard, firm, sticky and plastic; many fine roots; few fine pores; thin, patchy clay films; slightly acid (pH 6.2); clear wavy boundary. (combined thickness of the Bt horizons is 15 to 35 inches)
C1--41 to 48 inches; pale brown (10YR 6/3) gravelly sandy loam, dark brown (10YR 4/3) moist; single grain or massive; loose, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; few fine roots; slightly acid (pH 6.4); clear wavy boundary. (0 to 7 inches thick)
C2--48 to 60 inches; same as above horizon except very gravelly and weakly consolidated.
TYPE LOCATION: Wasatch County, Utah; about 12 miles east of Heber; on a plateau between Lake Creek and the Provo River; 1.75 air line miles north of Witts Lake; 1,780 feet east and 210 feet south of northwest corner, sec. 10, T. 4 S., R. 6 E.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture regime: udic bordering on xeric.
Mean annual soil temperature: 36 to 42 degrees F.
Mean summer soil temperature: 52 to 58 degrees F.
Depth to the base of the argillic horizon: 30 to 55 inches
Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 16 to 42 inches
Particle-size control section:
Clay content: 18 to 35 percent
Rock fragment content: 0 to 20 percent
A horizon:
Value: 3 to 5 dry, 2 or 3 moist
Chroma: 1 to 3, dry and moist
Reaction: slightly acid or neutral
Bt horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 3 to 6 dry, 2 to 5 moist
Chroma: 1 to 4, dry and moist
Texture: sandy clay loam, cobbly clay loam, clay loam, loam
Clay content: 20 to 35 percent
Rock fragments: 0 to 20 percent that are gravel, cobble or stone size
Reaction: slightly acid or neutral
C horizon:
Value: 5 or 6 dry, 4 or 5 moist
Chroma: 2 to 4, dry and moist
Texture: sandy loam or sandy clay loam, including gravelly and very gravelly modifiers; loam or clay loam, including cobbly and very cobbly modifiers
Reaction: slightly acid to slightly alkaline
COMPETING SERIES: These are the
Bavdark,
Croydon,
Davtone,
Decross,
Dranburn,
Hagenbarth,
Lamphier,
Millerlake, and
Senchert series.
Other soils that may be competitors when their classification is updated are:
Bachus,
Benteen,
Cambern,
Crystalbutte,
Dehana,
Demast,
Dranyon, Echmoor,
Gordo,
Southmount,
Poodle,
Stubbs,
Thulepah,
Vadnais, and
Winu series.
Bachus,
Benteen,
Cambern, Echmoor,
Senchert,
Poodle,
Vadnais, and
Winu soils: have a lithic contact at depths of 20 to 40 inches.
Bavdark soils: have rock fragments of gneiss and schist
Croydon soils: has a lithic contact at 40 to 60 inches
Decross soils: have a zone of calcium carbonate accumulation at depths of 20 to 40 inches.
Crystalbutte,
Dehana,
Demast and
Dranyon soils: have 20 to 35 percent rock fragments in the particle size control section.
Davtone soils: have hue of 5YR or 10R in the Bt horizon.
Dranburn soils: have silty clay loam particle size control sections.
Gordo soils: have hue of 5YR or 2.5YR in the Bt horizon.
Hagenbarth and
Thulepah soils are dry for more than 90 cumulative days from July to October (xeric regime).
Millerlake soils: have horizons of carbonate accumulation at depths of 15 to 40 inches.
Southmount soils: have O horizons and a mean summer temperature of 48 to 52 degrees F.
Stubbs soils: have a paralithic contact at depths of 20 to 40 inches.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material: glacial drift, colluvium, and slope alluvium derived mainly from snadstone, shale, andesite, and some basalt.
Landform: plateaus, hills, and mountain slopes.
Slopes: 2 to 65 percent
Elevation: 6,500 to 11,000 feet
Mean annual air temperature: about 40 degrees F.
Mean summer air temperature: about 58 degrees F.
Mean annual precipitation: 20 to 45 inches.
Frost-free period: 50 to 80 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the
Baird Hollow,
Flygare and
Sessions soils.
Baird Hollow and
Flygare soils: have albic horizons, and the upper boundary of the argillic horizon is below 24 inches.
Sessions soils: have more than 35 percent clay in the particle size control section.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained; low to high runoff; moderate or moderately slow permeability.
USE AND VEGETATION: These soils are used for watershed and rangeland from late spring through fall for livestock and wildlife grazing. Native vegetation consists of mountain bromegrass, oniongrass, slender wheatgrass, sagebrush, western wheatgrass and bluegrass.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Mountain areas of Colorado, Idaho, Utah and Wyoming. LRR E, MLRA 13, 43, 44, 46, 47, and 48A. This series is moderately extensive.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Bozeman, Montana
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Wasatch County (Wasatch Area), Utah, 1971.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Mollic epipedon (Pachic feature): the zone from the surface to 41 inches. (A1, A2, A3, BA, Bt1 and Bt2 horizons)
Argillic horizon: the zone from 24 to 41 inches. (Bt1 and Bt2 horizons)
Particle size control section: The zone from 24 to 41 inches. (Bt1 and Bt2 horizons)
In Utah this series is correlated with High Mountain range sites.
This revision refines the concept of this series to a udic moisture regime that borders on xeric. This more accurately reflects the moisture regime and vegetation at the type location.
Keys to Soil Taxonomy: Classified according to the Eighth Edition, 1998
Activity class is presumed based on general trend of other soils in the area.
ADDITIONAL DATA:
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.