LOCATION COESSE IN
Established Series
Rev. DRR-JDL
11/2021
COESSE SERIES
The Coesse series consists of deep, very poorly drained soils formed in 20 to 40 inches of recent alluvium over a buried fine textured soil formed in lacustrine deposits on moraines and till plains. It is moderately slowly permeable. Slopes range from 0 to 2 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 31 inches, and the mean annual temperature is about 50 degrees F.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, mixed, superactive, nonacid, mesic Aeric Fluvaquents
TYPICAL PEDON: Coesse silty clay loam - on a 1 percent west-facing concave slope in a cultivated field. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 8 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silty clay loam, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) dry; moderate fine granular structure; firm; common fine roots; neutral; abrupt smooth boundary. (6 to 10 inches thick)
Cg--8 to 22 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silty clay loam; common fine faint dark brown (10YR 4/3) mottles; strong medium subangular blocky structure; firm; few fine roots; neutral; clear wavy boundary. (10 to 30 inches thick)
2Ab1--22 to 27 inches; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) silty clay, gray (N 5/0) dry; common medium distinct light olive brown (2.5Y 5/6) mottles; strong medium subangular blocky structure; very firm; few fine roots; neutral; abrupt smooth boundary. (4 to 9 inches thick)
2Ab2--27 to 34 inches; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) silty clay, gray (N 5/0) dry; common fine and medium distinct light olive brown (2.5Y 5/6) mottles; strong coarse subangular blocky structure; very firm; few fine roots; dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) deposits in root channels; neutral; clear wavy boundary. (4 to 10 inches thick)
2Bgbl--34 to 41 inches; dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) silty clay; common medium distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) mottles; moderate coarse subangular blocky structure; very firm; many faint continuous dark gray (N 4/0) clay films on faces of peds; neutral; clear wavy boundary.
2Bgb2--41 to 47 inches; dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) silty clay; common medium distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) mottles; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; very firm; many faint continuous dark gray (N 4/0) clay films on faces of peds; neutral; clear wavy boundary.
2Bgb3--47 to 55 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) silty clay; common medium distinct light olive brown (2.5Y 5/6) mottles; moderate coarse subangular blocky structure; very firm; common faint patchy dark gray (N 4/0) clay films on faces of peds; neutral; clear wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the 2Bgb horizons is 16 to 35 inches.)
2BCgb--55 to 70 inches; olive brown (2.5Y 4/4) clay loam; many medium and coarse distinct light olive brown (2.5Y 5/6) mottles; moderate coarse subangular blocky structure; very firm; common faint patchy grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) clay films on faces of peds; neutral; abrupt wavy boundary. (0 to 10 inches thick).
2Cg--70 to 80 inches; olive brown (2.5Y 4/4) clay loam; many medium distinct light olive brown (2.5Y 5/6) and common medium distinct grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) mottles; massive; very firm; slight effervescence; mildly alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Whitley County, Indiana; 800 feet west and 2,500 feet south of the northeast corner of sec. 11, T. 31 N., R. 8 E.
RANGE OF CHARACTERISTICS: The alluvial deposits are 20 to 40 inches thick over the buried soil. The solum of the buried soil ranges from 40 to 60 inches thick. The 10 to 40 inch control section averages between 35 and 40 percent clay. The alluvium and buried soils are slightly acid to mildly alkaline.
The A horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 2 or 3.
The Cg horizon has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 1 or 2 and is mottled.
The 2Ab horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 2 or 3, and chroma of 1 or 2, or is (N 3/0). They are clay or silty clay.
The 2Bgb horizon has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 3 to 5, and chroma of 0 to 2 and is mottled. It is clay or silty clay.
The 2BCg and 2Cg horizons have hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 1 to 4. It is clay loam or silty clay loam.
COMPETING SERIES: There are no other members in the same family. Other related series are the
Defiance and
Washtenaw series. Defiance soils have illitic mineralogy, lack a buried soil, and are on flood plains. Washtenaw soils have less clay.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Coesse soils are in depressions or small glacial lake beds on till plains or moraines. These soils formed in 20 to 40 inches of recent alluvium over buried soils formed in lacustrine deposits. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 30 to 35 inches, and mean annual temperature ranges from 48 to 52 degrees F.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are
Blount,
Del Rey,
Fulton,
Glynwood,
Milford,
Morley,
Nappanee,
Pewamo,
Saylesville, and
St. Clair soils. The somewhat poorly drained Blount, Del Rey, and Fulton soils are on slightly higher elevations of the landscape. The moderately well drained Glynwood, Saylesville, and St. Clair soils and the well drained Morley soils are on the more sloping areas at higher elevations. The very poorly drained Milford and Pewamo soils are in similar positions on the landscape but do not have the deposits of recent alluvium eroded from soils at higher elevations.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Very poorly drained. Surface runoff is very slow or ponded. Permeability is moderately slow.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas of the soil are drained and used for cultivated crops such as corn and soybeans. Ponding in winter and early spring often damages winter wheat and deep rooted legumes. Some undrained areas are used for pasture or woodlots. Native vegetations was water tolerant deciduous forest with some swamp grasses and sedges.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Southern Michigan, Wisconsin, Indiana, and Ohio. The series is of small extent.
SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (SSRO) RESPONSIBLE: AMHERST, MASSACHUSETTS
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Whitley County, Indiana, 1985.
REMARKS: This soil has been included with the Washtenaw series in other counties.
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are: ochric epipedon - the zone from the surface of the soil to a depth of approximately 22 inches (Ap and Cg horizon); aquents - has mottles in the upper 20 inches of the soil; fluvaquents - has greater than .2 percent organic carbon at a depth of 50 inches below the surface.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Lab data is available from Purdue University. Lab samples S80IN81-16-(1-8).
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.