LOCATION COKEL UTEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-loamy over sandy or sandy-skeletal, mixed, superactive, mesic Aridic Calcixerolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Cokel cobbly coarse sandy loam, rangeland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.)
A1--0 to 2 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) cobbly coarse sandy loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; single grain; loose; very friable; few coarse, medium and fine roots; interstitial pores; 30 percent cobbles and gravel; moderately calcareous; moderately alkaline (pH 8.0); abrupt smooth boundary. (1 to 5 inches thick)
A2--2 to 9 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) coarse sandy loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; weak coarse subangular blocky structure that parts to weak fine subangular blocky; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few fine, medium and common coarse roots; few fine and medium tubular pores; moderately calcareous; moderately alkaline (pH 8.2); clear smooth boundary. (2 to 7 inches thick)
Bk--9 to 22 inches; very pale brown (10YR 7/3) sandy loam, brown (10YR 5/3) moist; massive; hard, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common fine and few medium roots; few fine and medium pores; strongly calcareous; moderately alkaline (pH 8.2); gradual wavy boundary. (10 to 20 inches thick)
2C1--22 to 45 inches; pale brown (10YR 6/3) very gravelly coarse sand, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; single grain; loose; few fine and medium roots; interstitial pores; 40 percent cobbles and gravel; noncalcareous to moderately calcareous with the lime deposited in pockets; moderately alkaline (pH 8.2); gradual smooth boundary. (20 to 40 inches thick)
2C2--45 to 72 inches; same as the horizon above, except less gravel in the profile.
TYPE LOCATION: Beaver County, Utah; 2 mile north and 2 3/4 miles west of Manderfield; 1/2 mile south and 1/4 mile east of the NW corner of section 7, T.28S., R.7W.; Gillies Hill USGS Quad; lat. 38 degrees 23 minutes 18 seconds N. and long. 112 degrees 41 minutes 19 seconds W., NAD 83.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture: Dry more than 50 percent of the time the soil temperature is above 41 degrees F., and are continually dry for 50 to 70 consecutive days during the summer months in more than 7 out of 10 years. Aridic bordering xeric soil moisture regime.
Mean annual soil temperature at a depth of 20 inches: 47 to 49 degrees F.
Mean summer temperature at a depth of 20 inches: 63 to 65 degrees F.
Mollic epipedon thickness: 7 to 12 inches.
Depth to calcic horizon: 7 to 12 inches and immediately below the mollic epipedon.
Particle-size control section (weighted average):
Texture: The upper 10 to 20 inches is sandy loam with less than 50 percent fine and coarser sand; the lower 10 to 20 inches is coarse sand or loamy sand.
Rock fragments: 0 to 15 percent in the upper part, 15 to 45 in the lower part. Lithology of fragments is mainly granitic rocks or other coarse-grained intrusive igneous rocks.
A horizon:
Chroma: 2 or 3.
Structure: Usually weak fine granular to weak coarse subangular blocky but is single grained in some pedons.
Consistence: Loose, soft or slightly hard, very friable or friable, and nonsticky or slightly sticky and nonplastic or slightly plastic.
Reaction: Moderately or strongly alkaline.
Bk horizon:
Value: 7 and 8 dry, 5 and 6 moist.
Chroma: 1 to 3.
Consistence: Loose to hard, with parts of the calcic horizon weakly to strongly cemented in some pedons.
2C horizons:
Consistence: Loose to friable, nonsticky to slightly sticky, and nonplastic to slightly plastic.
Reaction: Moderately or strongly alkaline.
COMPETING SERIES: There are no competing series.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Cokel soils are on rolling hills and ridge tops at elevations of 6,200 to 6,800 feet. Slopes are 3 to 20 percent. The soils formed in deep colluvium and alluvium from granite and intermediate igneous rocks. The climate is dry subhumid. The mean annual temperature is 46 to 48 degrees F, and the mean summer temperature is 64 to 66 degrees F. The average annual precipitation is 12 to 14 inches. The frost free season is 100 to 108 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Sheeprock soils which are deep coarse textured soils consisting mainly of fine gravel and coarse sand.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained; medium runoff; moderately rapid permeability.
USE AND VEGETATION: These soils are used for wildlife and grazing for cattle and sheep. Present vegetation is big sagebrush, Mormon tea, pinyon juniper, and bitterbrush.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: This series occurs on the foothill area west and north of Manderfield in Beaver County, Utah. It is inextensive.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Phoenix, Arizona
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Beaver County, Utah, 1972.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features in this pedon include:
Mollic epipedon: from the surface to 9 inches. (A horizon)
Calcic horizon: from 9 to 22 inches. (Bk horizon)
Lithologic discontinuity: Strongly contrasting material occurs at a depth of about 22 inches. (2C horizon)