LOCATION COLDENT                 NV

Established Series
Rev. DLJ-MJZ-JVC-JBF
05/2016

COLDENT SERIES

The Coldent series consists of very deep, well drained soils that formed in alluvium and lacustrine deposits derived from mixed rocks with a component of volcanic ash. Coldent soils are on alluvial flats and beach plains. Slopes are 0 to 8 percent. The mean annual precipitation is about 130 mm and the mean annual temperature is about 11 degrees C.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-loamy, mixed, superactive, calcareous, mesic Duric Torriorthents

TYPICAL PEDON: Coldent gravelly fine sand--rangeland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.) The soil surface is partially covered with 15 percent gravel.

A--0 to 23 cm; pale brown (10YR 6/3) gravelly fine sand, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; single grain; loose, nonsticky and nonplastic; common very fine and few fine roots; many very fine interstitial pores; 15 percent gravel; moderately alkaline (pH 8.4); clear smooth boundary. (5 to 25 cm thick)

2Bqk1--23 to 33 cm; very pale brown (10YR 7/3) fine sandy loam, brown (10YR 5/3) moist; moderate thin platy structure; hard, firm and brittle, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine horizontally oriented roots between plates; many very fine tubular pores; 5 percent gravel; many silica coats on faces of peds; secondary carbonates segregated as few fine coats on faces of peds; slightly effervescent; strongly alkaline (pH 8.6); clear smooth boundary. (8 to 15 cm thick)

2Bqk2--33 to 38 cm; very pale brown (10YR 7/3) fine sandy loam, brown (10YR 5/3) moist; strong medium platy structure; hard, firm and brittle, slightly sticky and nonplastic; common very fine and few fine horizontally oriented roots between plates; many very fine tubular pores; 5 percent gravel; many silica coats and laminae on faces of peds; secondary carbonates segregated as common fine coats on faces of peds; slightly effervescent matrix and strongly effervescent coats; strongly alkaline (pH 9.0); clear smooth boundary. (5 to 20 cm thick)

2Bqky--38 to 48 cm; very pale brown (10YR 7/3) gravelly fine sandy loam, brown (10YR 5/3) moist; strong thin platy structure; hard, firm and brittle, slightly sticky and nonplastic; common very fine horizontally oriented roots between plates; many very fine tubular pores; 15 percent gravel; many silica coats on faces of peds; secondary carbonates segregated as many coats on faces of peds; secondary gypsum segregated as many fine and medium filaments; strongly effervescent; strongly alkaline (pH 8.8); clear smooth boundary. (0 to 20 cm thick)

3Bqy1--48 to 69 cm; very pale brown (10YR 7/3) gravelly fine sandy loam, brown (10YR 5/3) moist; massive; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky and s1ightly plastic; few very fine roots; few very fine tubular pores; 15 percent gravel; 5 percent coarse durinodes; secondary gypsum segregated as few fine filaments; strongly effervescent; strongly alkaline (pH 8.8); gradual smooth boundary. (15 to 23 cm thick)

3Bqy2--69 to 79 cm; very pale brown (10YR 7/3) fine sandy loam, brown (10YR 5/3) moist; massive; slightly hard, very friable; slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few very fine roots; few very fine tubular pores; 5 percent gravel; 15 percent coarse durinodes; secondary gypsum segregated as few fine filaments; strongly effervescent; strongly alkaline (pH 8.6); clear smooth boundary. (8 to 125 cm thick)

4BCy--79 to 102 cm; very pale brown (10YR 7/3) very gravelly loamy sand, brown (10YR 5/3) moist; massive; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; few very fine roots; common very fine tubular pores; few medium faint light brown (7.5YR 6/4) moist, relict masses of iron accumulation; 45 percent gravel; secondary gypsum segregated as few fine filaments; slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.4); clear smooth boundary. (20 to 56 cm thick)

4BCk--102 to 152 cm; very pale brown (10YR 7/3) very gravelly coarse sand, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) moist; single grain; loose, nonsticky and nonplastic; few very fine roots; many fine interstitial pores; 55 percent gravel; secondary carbonates segregated as few coats and filaments on rock fragments; noneffervescent matrix and strongly effervescent coats and filaments; moderately alkaline. (pH 8.4)

TYPE LOCATION: Pershing County, Nevada; in Granite Springs Valley about 3 miles northeast of Blue Wing Flat; about 600 feet south of the northeast corner of section 12, T. 28 N., R. 27 E.; USGS Blue Wing Flat North 7.5 minute topographic quadrangle; latitude 40 degrees 19 minutes 4 seconds N and longitude 118 degrees 53 minutes 25 seconds W; WGS84 Decimal Degrees 40.3180556 latitude, -118.8902782 longitude.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture: Usually dry, moist for short periods in winter and spring, dry late May through November; typic aridic soil moisture regime.
Mean annual soil temperature: 12 to 14 degrees C.
Depth to horizons with firm, brittle matrix: 13 to 25 cm.
Depth to strongly contrasting horizons of sandy-skeletal material: 90 to 100 cm.
Reaction: Moderately alkaline or strongly alkaline.

Particle-size control section - Clay content: 4 to 10 percent.
Rock fragments: averages 15 to 35 percent, mainly gravel. Lithology of fragments is rocks of mixed origin.
A horizon
Chroma: 2 or 3 dry.

2Bqk horizons
Value: 6 or 7 dry, 4 or 5 moist.
Chroma: 2 or 3, dry or moist.
Texture Stratified fine sandy loam to loamy sand.
Clay content: 6 to 12 percent.
Rock fragments 5 to 15 percent.
Consistence: Hard or very hard dry.
Effervescence: Slightly effervescent through violently effervescent.
Identifiable secondary carbonates: None to common, with some pedons that have subhorizons with only thin lime coatings that cover the undersides of the plates.
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 1 to 5 percent.
Secondary gypsum: None to many, occurring mainly as filaments in the lower subhorizon.
Gypsum content: 0 to 5 percent.

3Bq or 3Bqy horizons
Value 6 or 7 dry, 4 or 5 moist.
Chroma: 2 or 3, dry or moist.
Texture: Stratified gravelly fine sandy loam to gravelly loamy sand.
Clay content: 2 to 10 percent.
Rock fragments: Averages 15 to 35 percent gravel.
Consistence: Slightly hard or soft dry, very friable or friable moist.
Secondary gypsum: None to common filaments.
Gypsum content: 0 to 5 percent.
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 1 to 5 percent.
Durinodes: 5 to 15 percent.

4BCy and 4BCk horizons
Value: 6 or 7 dry, 4 or 5 moist.
Chroma: 2 through 4, dry or moist.
Texture: Stratified very gravelly loamy sand to very gravelly coarse sand.
Rock fragments: 35 to 60 percent gravel.
Identifiable secondary carbonates: None or few coats and filaments on rock fragments.
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 1 to 5 percent.
Secondary gypsum: None to common filaments.
Gypsum content: 0 to 5 percent.

COMPETING SERIES: These are the Beryl, Blimo, Bubus, Nyak, Okan, and Valmy series.

Beryl, Blimo, Nyak, and Okan soils have an aridic soil moisture regime that borders on xeric. Bubus soils do not have horizons with firm, brittle matrix, have horizons with 20 to 70 percent durinodes, and have mean annual soil temperature of 8 to 12 degrees C. Valmy soils have subhorizons with 20 to 85 percent durinodes and have mean annual soil temperature of 8 to 12 degrees C.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Coldent soils are on alluvial flats and beach plains. These soils formed in alluvium and lacustrine deposits derived from mixed rocks with a component of volcanic ash. Slopes are 0 to 8 percent. Elevations range from 1,160 to 1,310 meters. The climate is arid with cool, moist winters and hot, dry summers. The mean annual precipitation is 100 to 150 mm, mean annual temperature is 11 to 13 degrees C, and the frost-free period is 100 to 130 days.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Isolde and Swingler soils. Isolde soils are sandy and occur on dunes. Swingler soils are fine-silty.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Well drained; high or very high surface runoff; moderately low saturated hydraulic conductivity.

USE AND VEGETATION: Coldent soils are used for rangeland and wildlife habitat. The present vegetation is mainly shadscale, bud sagebrush, Bailey greasewood, and Indian ricegrass.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Western Nevada. These soils are not extensive. MLRA 27.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Davis, California.

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Pershing County (West Part), Nevada, 1988.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon - The zone from the soil surface to 23 cm (A horizon).
Duric feature - The zone from 23 to 48 cm (2Bqk1, 2Bqk2, and 2Bqky horizons).
Particle size control section - The zone from 25 to 100 cm (2Bqk2, 2Bqky, 3Bqy1, 3Bqy2, 4BCk and part of the 2Bqk1 horizons).

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.