LOCATION COLLAYOMI CA
Established Series
Rev. NHS/WDB/DJE/ET
12/2022
COLLAYOMI SERIES
The Collayomi series consists of deep, well drained soils formed in amorphous material from basic igneous rocks. Collayomi soils are on hills and mountains and have slopes of 5 to 75 percent. The mean annual precipitation is 45 inches and the mean temperature is 53 degrees F.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy-skeletal, mixed, active, mesic Ultic Haploxeralfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Callayomi very gravelly loam - on a south facing slope of 39 percent under ponderosa pine, black oak, manzanita, bracken fern and perennial grasses at 3,100 feet elevation. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated. When described on May 10, 1979 the soil was moist throughout).
A--0 to 9 inches; light brown (7.5YR 6/4) very gravelly loam, brown (7.5YR 4/4) moist; strong fine and medium subangular blocky structure; soft, very friable, weakly smeary nonsticky and nonplastic; many very fine and fine and common medium roots; many very fine and fine and common medium interstitial pores; 40 percent pebbles 2 to 75 mm in diameter and 5 percent cobbles 75 to 200 mm in diameter and 1 percent stones to 600 mm in diameter; neutral (pH 7.0); clear wavy boundary. (7 to 11 inches thick)
AB--9 to 15 inches; light brown (7.5YR 6/4) very gravelly loam, brown (7.5YR 4/4) moist; strong fine and medium subangular blocky structure parting to moderate very fine granular structure; slightly hard, very friable, weakly smeary, slightly sticky and nonplastic; many very fine and fine and common medium roots; many very fine and common fine interstitial and common fine tubular pores; 40 percent pebbles 2 to 75 mm in diameter and 5 percent cobble 75 to 200 mm in diameter and 1 percent stones to 600 mm in diameter; neutral (pH 6.9); clear wavy boundary. (5 to 8 inches thick)
Bt1--15 to 30 inches; light brown (7.5YR 6/4) very gravelly loam, brown (7.5YR 4/4) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky stucture; slightly hard, very friable, weakly smeary, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine and common fine and few medium and coarse roots; many very fine and fine interstitial and common fine tubular pores; many thin and common moderately thick clay films on peds and in pores and as bridges on mineral grains; 40 percent pebbles 2 to 75 mm in diameter and 5 percent cobbles to 75 to 200 mm in diameter and 1 percent stones to 600 mm in diameter; neutral (pH 6.9); clear smooth boundary. (13 to 17 inches thick)
Bt2--30 to 50 inches; reddish yellow (5YR 6/6) very gravelly loam, yellowish red (5YR 4/6) moist; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, very friable, moderately smeary, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few very fine, fine, medium and coarse roots; many very fine interstitial and few fine tubular pores; many thin and common moderately thick clay films on peds and in pores and as bridges on mineral grains; 35 percent pebbles 2 to 75 mm in diameter and 5 percent cobbles to 75 to 200 mm in diameter and 1 percent stones to 600 mm in diameter; neutral (pH 6.9); gradual smooth boundary. (17 to 21 inches thick)
BCt--50 to 60 inches; light reddish brown (5YR 6/4) extremely gravelly loam, reddish brown (5YR 4/4) moist; moderate medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, very friable, weakly smeary, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few very fine roots; many very fine and fine and medium interstitial pores; many moderately thick clay films on peds and in pores and bridging mineral grains; 60 percent pebbles 2 to 75 mm in diameter and 5 percent cobbles 75 to 200 mm in diameter and 1 percent stones to 600 mm in diameter; neutral (pH 6.9)
TYPE LOCATION: Lake County, California; 5 feet north of a dirt road 0.3 miles southeast of its intersection with Observation Road; 0.2 miles north of Loch Lommond Road, 0.2 miles east of Cal. Hwy. 175; 1,500 feet south and 1,500 feet west of the north corner of sec. 26, T. 12 N., R. 8 W.; Middletown quadrangle.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The solum is 60 to 80 inches thick. The mean annual soil temperature varies from 51 to 56 degrees F, and is below 41 degrees F up to only 30 to 50 days. The soil between depths of 18 and 54 inches is moist in all parts from December through April 15, and is dry in all parts from July through October. The particle size control section commonly is 20 to 30 percent clay, but may range to 35 percent. Cobble content commonly is 5 to 25 percent, gravel content commonly is 45 to 65 percent, and stones are 0 to 10 percent. The surface may be nonstony or stony, with stones and boulders 10 inches to 8 feet in diameter when present. This soil is strongly influenced by amorphous material throughout. Coarse and very coarse sand is less than 15 percent throughout. The base saturation varies from 50 to 65 percent.
The A horizon is 7.5YR 6/2, 6/4; 5YR 6/3 or 6/4. Moist color is 7.5YR 4/2, 4/4; 5YR 4/4 or 4/7. It is very gravelly loam or stony loam. It is neutral through medium acid.
The Bt horizon is 7.5YR 6/4, 6/6; 5YR 6/4 or 6/6. Moist color is 7.5YR 4/4 or 5YR 4/6. It is very gravelly loam or very gravelly clay loam, cobbly loam or cobbly clay loam, or stony loam or stony clay loam. Clay content decreases in the lower part of the Bt or BCt horizon by at least 1.2 times to 1.5 times its maximum within a depth of 60 inches. It is neutral or slightly acid.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the
Abegg,
Asabean,
Behemotosh (T),
Marpa,
Skalan, and
Whispering series. Abegg soils have a solum 29 to 60 inches thick and lack amorphous properties. Asabean soils Behemotosh, Marpa, and Skalan soils are 20 to 40 inches deep to a lithic contact and lack amorphous properties. Skalan soils have only a very thin mantle of ash and loess and have C horizons. Whispering soils are 20 to 40 inches deep to a lithic contact.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Collayomi soils occur on hills and mountains in the Clear Lake volcanic fields. Slopes are 5 to 75 percent. Elevations are 1,200 to 4,600 feet. The soils are formed in material weathered from andesite, dacite, and basalt rocks. The climate is subhumid with hot dry summers and cool moist winters. Mean annual precipitation varies from 30 to 65 inches. Mean January temperature is 49 degrees F; mean July temperature is 61 degrees F; the mean annual temperature varies from 50 degrees to 59 degrees F. The frost-free season is 120 to 200 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: This is the competing
Whispering soil and the
Aiken soils. Aiken soils are fine.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained; medium to very rapid runoff; moderate permeability.
USE AND VEGETATION: This soil is used for timber production, wildlife habitat, watershed, recreation and homesite development. Natural vegetation consists of ponderosa pine, California black oak, sugar pine, prostrate ceanothus, manzanita, and blue wildrye.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Lake County, California, Clear Lake volcanic field. This series is not extensive.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Davis, California
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Lake County, California, 1980.
REMARKS: The activity class was added to the classification in February of 2003. Competing series were not checked at that time. Soil has low bulk density and high NaF pH, possible Andisol - ET
Data determined for PSD, mineralogy, and NaFpH by NSSL. Pedon number S79CM-033-013 sample numbers 81P 263-268. Data not yet published.
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.