LOCATION COLLINS MS+AR KY MO TN

Established Series
WMK:WIS:RBH; Rev.:MAV,JDS
10/2018

COLLINS SERIES

The Collins series consists of very deep, moderately well drained, moderately permeable soils. They formed in silty alluvium on flood plains of streams in the Southern Mississippi Valley Silty Uplands Major Land Resource Area. Slopes range from 0 to 2 percent.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-silty, mixed, active, acid, thermic Aquic Udifluvents

TYPICAL PEDON: Collins silt loam--cultivated field. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)

Ap--0 to 7 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) silt loam; weak fine granular structure; very friable; many fine roots; strongly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (3 to 9 inches thick)

C1--7 to 16 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silt loam; massive with weak horizontal strata in more than 1/2 the volume; very friable; many fine roots; few worm casts; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.

C2--16 to 23 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) silt loam; few fine faint pale brown (10YR 6/3) and light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions; massive with weak horizontal strata in more than 1/2 the volume; very friable; few fine roots; few worm casts; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of the upper part of the C horizon is 12 to 20 inches.)

C3--23 to 34 inches; variegated pale brown (10YR 6/3), dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4), and light gray (10YR 7/2) silt loam; massive with bedding planes; very friable; few fine roots; common fine brown iron-manganese concretions; strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary.

Cg--34 to 48 inches; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) silt loam; many coarse distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) masses of oxidized iron; faint pale brown (10YR 6/3) masses of oxidized iron; massive; friable; many fine brown to reddish brown iron-manganese concretions; strongly acid.

TYPE LOCATION: Tallahatchie County, Mississippi; 4.0 miles north of Charleston, Mississippi on Teasdale Highway; 200 feet north of Mitchell Creek and 100 feet east of highway in a pasture f. SW1/4NE1/4 sec. 12, R. 2 E., T. 25N. 34 degrees, 03 minutes, 10.83 seconds N. Latitude and 90 degrees, 02 minutes, 23.05 seconds W. Longitude, Charleston USGS 7.5 Minute Quadrangle, Mississippi.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Below the plow layer, bedding planes and weak horizontal stratification are evident throughout the soil. Weak subangular blocky structure is in the upper part of the C horizon in some pedons but occupies less than 1/2 of the volume. Reaction of the soil is strongly acid or very strongly acid in all horizons. The 10- to 40-inch control section has from 5 to 18 percent clay. Sand content is as much as 30 percent but less than 15 percent is coarser than very fine sand.

The Ap horizon has hue of 7.5YR and 10YR, value of 4 and 5, and chroma of 2 through 4. The A horizon commonly is silt loam; less commonly it is loam, very fine sandy loam, and fine sandy loam.

The upper part of the C horizon has hue of 7.5YR and 10YR, value of 3 to 5, and chroma of 3 or 4. Few to many iron depletions having chroma of 2 or less are within a depth of 20 inches of the surface and commonly begin at a depth of about 16 inches. Texture is silt or silt loam.

The lower part of the C horizon is variegated in shades of brown and gray, or it has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 5 to 7, and chroma of 2 or less. Iron accumulations are few to many in shades of brown and iron depletions are in shades of gray.

COMPETING SERIES: There are no other series in the same family. Closely related series include the Adler, Ariel, Bruin, Falaya, Iuka, Morganfield, and Vicksburg series. Adler soils are slightly acid to alkaline. Ariel and Bruin soils have a cambic horizon; In addition, Bruin soils are slightly acid to moderately alkaline. Falaya soils have aquic conditions and matrix chroma of 2 or less within a depth of 20 inches and have a buried subsoil. Iuka soils have a coarse-loamy particle-size class. Morganfield and Vicksburg soils do not have aquic conditions or iron depletions with chroma 2 or less within a depth of 40 inches. In addition, Morganfield soils are slightly acid to alkaline.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: These are nearly level soils on flood plains and in drainageways in the Southern Mississippi Valley Silty Uplands Major Land Resource Area. Slopes range from 0 to 2 percent. The regolith consists principally of silty alluvium derived from loess. Average annual temperature is 64 degrees Fahrenheit, mean January and July temperatures are 45 degrees Fahrenheit and 82 degrees Fahrenheit, respectively, and average annual precipitation is 50 inches near the type location.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These include the closely related Falaya and Vicksburg soils,and the Arkabutla, Cascilla, and Waverly soils. Arkabutla and Cascilla soils have a fine-silty particle size class and have a cambic horizon. In addition, Arkabutla soils have aquic conditions within a depth of 20 inches and are on slightly lower positions, and Cascilla soils are on natural levee positions near stream channels. Waverly soils have aquic conditions within a depth of 20 inches, have a grayish matrix below the A horizon and are in the drainageways and depressions. Well drained Vicksburg soils are on natural levees and near channels.

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Moderately well drained; runoff is negligible on slopes less than 1 percent, and low on slopes up to 2 percent; moderate permeability. The soil is saturated in the layers below 18 to 36 inches deep during the winter months in normal years. It is saturated within a depth of 20 inches for more than 30 days in normal years. The soil is subject to flooding for brief to very long duration.

USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas of this soil are cleared and cropped to cotton, corn, soybeans, and small grains. Some areas are in pasture and hay crops. The native vegetation is bottomland hardwoods.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Arkansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, Tennessee. The series is of moderate extent.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Auburn, Alabama

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Prairie County, Arkansas; 1906.

REMARKS: Adjusted water table depths in 2002 to support Aquic Udifluvents classification.
Ochric epipedon - the zone from the surface to a depth of about 7 inches (Ap horizon).
Aquic conditions - saturation, reduction and redoximorphic features, including iron depletions that have chroma of 2 or less within a depth of 20 inches (C2 horizon).
Irregular organic carbon distribution - the zone from 7 to 40 inches (C horizons)

ADDITIONAL DATA: Engineering test data for one pedon are published in Soil Survey DeSoto County, Mississippi (issued September 1959) pp. 48-49.

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.