LOCATION COLY NE+KS SD
Established Series
Rev. WCM, TL, CWL
07/2012
COLY SERIES
The Coly series consists of very deep, well drained, moderately permeable soils formed in loess. Coly soils are on sideslopes of uplands in MLRA 73-Rolling Plains and Breaks. Slopes range from 1 to 60 percent. Mean annual temperature is 10 degrees C ( 50 degrees F), and mean annual precipitation is 53 centimeters ( 21 inches) at the type location.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-silty, mixed, superactive, calcareous, mesic Typic Ustorthents
TYPICAL PEDON: Coly silt loam on a northwest-facing, convex, 10 percent slope in native rangeland. When described the soil was moist in the upper 61 centimeters (24 inches). (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated.)
A--0 to 10 cm, (0 to 4 inches ); very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) interior, silt loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) interior, dry; 26 percent sand; 51 percent silt; 23 percent clay; moderate fine granular structure; very friable, slightly hard, nonsticky; many fine roots; slightly alkaline, pH 7.6, pH meter 1:1 water; clear smooth boundary. Lab sample # 79P00714
AC--10 to 20 cm, (4 to 8 inches ); dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) interior, silt loam, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) interior, dry; 21 percent sand; 57 percent silt; 22 percent clay; weak fine granular structure; very friable, slightly hard, nonsticky; common fine roots; common fine tubular pores; violent effervescence, by HCl, 1 normal; moderately alkaline, pH 8.2, pH meter 1:1 water; clear wavy boundary. Lab sample # 79P00715
C1--20 to 37 cm, (8 to 15 inches ); grayish brown (10YR 5/2) interior, silt loam, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) interior, dry; 22 percent sand; 58 percent silt; 20 percent clay; 1 percent fine distinct brownish yellow (10YR 6/8) mottles; weak coarse prismatic structure; very friable, slightly hard, nonsticky; common very fine and fine roots; few fine tubular pores; 5 percent fine threadlike carbonate masses on vertical faces of peds; violent effervescence, by HCl, 1 normal; moderately alkaline, pH 8.3, pH meter 1:1 water; gradual wavy boundary. Lab sample # 79P00716
C2--37 to 86 cm, (15 to 34 inches ); grayish brown (10YR 5/2) interior, silt loam, light gray (10YR 7/2) interior, dry; 23 percent sand; 57 percent silt; 20 percent clay; 1 percent fine and medium distinct brownish yellow (10YR 6/8) mottles; weak coarse prismatic structure; very friable, hard, nonsticky; common very fine and fine roots; few fine tubular pores; 7 percent fine threadlike carbonate masses on vertical faces of peds; violent effervescence, by HCl, 1 normal; moderately alkaline, pH 8.4, pH meter 1:1 water; diffuse wavy boundary. Lab sample # 79P00717
C3--86 to 121 cm, (34 to 48 inches ); brown (10YR 5/3) interior, silt loam, light gray (10YR 7/2) interior, dry; 26 percent sand; 54 percent silt; 20 percent clay; 5 percent medium distinct brownish yellow (10YR 6/8) mottles; weak very coarse prismatic parting to weak coarse prismatic structure; very friable, hard, nonsticky; few fine roots; 1 percent fine iron concretions; 11 percent fine and medium threadlike lime masses on vertical faces of peds; violent effervescence, by HCl, 1 normal; moderately alkaline, pH 8.4, pH meter 1:1 water; diffuse wavy boundary. Lab sample # 79P00718
C4--121 to 153 cm, (48 to 60 inches ); brown (10YR 5/3) interior, silt loam, light gray (10YR 7/2) interior, dry; 26 percent sand; 54 percent silt; 20 percent clay; 10 percent medium distinct brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) mottles; weak very coarse prismatic parting to weak coarse prismatic structure; very friable, hard, nonsticky; few fine roots; 11 percent fine and medium threadlike lime masses on vertical faces of peds; violent effervescence, by HCl, 1 normal; strongly alkaline, pH 8.5, pH meter 1:1 water. Lab sample # 79P00719
TYPE LOCATION: Frontier County, Nebraska; about 4.8 kilometers (3 miles) south and west of Eustis; 30 meters (100 feet) east and 305 meters (1000 feet) north of the southeast corner of sec. 21, T. 8 N., R. 24 W; Eustis USGS Quadrangle; Latitude: 40 degrees 38 minutes 41.70 seconds north and longitude: 100 degrees 2 minutes 14.70 seconds west; UTM Zone: 14 UTM Easting: 412285 meters UTM Northing: 4499858 meters NAD83.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture control section: moist in some part from October through May; intermittently moist from June through July; driest in August through September. Typic ustic moisture regime.
Depth to secondary carbonates: 0 to 25 centimeters (0 to 10 inches).
Particle size control section (weighted average):
Clay content: 18 to 20percent.
A horizon
Hue: 10YR
Value: 5 through 7, 3 through 5 moist
Chroma: 2 or 3
Horizons having value of less than 5.5 dry or 3.5 moist are less than 18 centimeters (7 inches) thick.
Texture: silt loam.
Reaction: neutral to slightly alkaline.
AC and C horizons
Hue: 7.5YR to 2.5Y
Value: 5 or 7, 4 through 6 moist
Chroma: 2 or 3
Texture: silt loam, loam, or very fine sandy loam
Carbonates: visible accumulations of carbonates are in the C horizon of some pedons but the amount is not high enough to be a calcic horizon.
Some pedons do not have an AC horizon.
Reaction: moderately to strongly alkaline
COMPETING SERIES: This is the
Cucho soil. Cucho soils are moderately deep (20 to 40 inches) to shale.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material: loess.
Landscape: uplands
Landform: sideslopes
Slope: 1 to 60 percent.
Precipitation: ranges from 46 to 61 centimeters(18 to 24 inches).
Temperature: ranges from 7 to 14 degrees C (45 to 57 degrees F).
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
Holdrege soils have a mollic epipedon, an argillic horizon and are on upland interfluves.
Hobbs soils are stratified above a depth of 25 centimeters (10 inches) and formed in alluvium on flood plains.
Nuckolls soils have a mollic epipedon, a cambic horizon, a redder hue and are on lower sideslopes.
Uly soils have a mollic epipedon, a cambic horizon, and are on sideslopes
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Drainage: Well to excessive
Runoff: low to high.
Saturated hydraulic conductivity: moderately high.
USE AND VEGETATION:
Typical Use: livestock grazing
A few areas are cropped to corn, soybeans, wheat, alfalfa, and forage crops. Native vegetation consists mainly of short, mid, and tall grasses. Big bluestem, little bluestem, sideoats grama, blue grama, and western wheatgrass are the dominant grasses.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Central Nebraska, south-central South Dakota, and north-central Kansas. LRR H, MLRA's 71, 73 and 75.This series is extensive.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Denver, Colorado
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Harlan County, Nebraska, May 1970.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon: 0 to 10 centimeters (0 to 4 inches) (A horizon)
Moisture regime: typic ustic
These soils were formerly mapped as Colby soils. Colby soils are now limited to a drier (33 to 51 centimeters (13 to 20 inches precipitation)) climate.
The series Typical Pedon was moved from Stockton to Eustis. This site fits the series concept and was sampled in 1979. The pedon number is 79NE063002. The National Soil Survey Lab report can be found at :
http://ssldata.sc.egov.usda.gov/rptExecute.asp?p=7237&r=1&submit1=Get+Report
07/12 CWL
Introductory Paragraph: Added full MLRA name. Removed 'calcareous, silty' from loess description.
Type Location: Added USGS Quadrangle.
Range of Characteristics: Changed format to semitabular. Added statement for moisture regime. Added Clay Content. Added Reaction to horizons.
Competing Series: Removed Crofton. Added depth to shale for Cucho.
Geographic setting: Restated ranges for slope, mean annual precipitation and mean annual temperature. Removed 'calcareous, silty' from loess description. Removed 'steep' from sideslopes.
Geographically Associated Soils: Removed Kenesaw. Restated properties for remaining soils.
Changed Permeability to Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity
Changed Runoff from 'medium and very rapid' to 'low to high'.
Use and Vegetation: Added corn, soybeans and alfalfa
Distribution and Extent: Added south-central South Dakota.
Removed Series Data Record data.
Added Metric UOM.
The assignment of the cation-exchange activity class is supported by lab sample numbers 79NE063002 and 80NE175062
Taxonomic Version: Eleventh Edition, 2010.
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.