LOCATION COOKCAN IDEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-loamy, mixed, superactive, frigid Aeric Calciaquolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Cookcan silt loam, pastureland. When described on September 13, 1991, the soil was moist throughout. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.)
Ak1--0 to 3 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) silt loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; moderate fine and medium granular structure; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine and fine roots; common very fine irregular pores; violently effervescent (18 percent calcium carbonate equivalent); disseminated lime and lime segregated into few fine rounded soft masses; moderately alkaline (pH 8.0); clear smooth boundary. (3 to 13 inches thick)
Ak2--3 to 9 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) silty clay, very dark gray (10YR 3/1) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; very hard, friable, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; common very fine and fine and few medium roots; few fine vesicular and common fine tubular and irregular pores; violently effervescent (20 percent calcium carbonate equivalent); disseminated lime and lime segregated into few fine rounded soft masses; slightly alkaline (pH 7.4); abrupt smooth boundary. (0 to 6 inches thick)
Bk--9 to 12 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) silty clay loam, very dark gray (10YR 3/1) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure parting to moderate fine subangular blocky; very hard, friable, slightly sticky and moderately plastic; common very fine and fine and few medium roots; common fine tubular and irregular pores; violently effervescent (17 percent calcium carbonate equivalent); disseminated lime and lime segregated into few fine rounded soft masses; slightly alkaline (pH 7.4); clear wavy boundary. (0 to 8 inches thick)
2Bkg1--12 to 24 inches; light gray (10YR 7/2) fine sandy loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) moist; few medium prominent very dark gray (5Y 3/1) and common medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) moist redox depletions and concentrations; moderate coarse subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine and fine and few medium roots; common fine and medium irregular and common fine tubular pores; violently effervescent (20 percent calcium carbonate equivalent); disseminated lime and lime segregated into few fine rounded soft masses; moderately alkaline (pH 8.2); clear wavy boundary. (5 to 12 inches thick)
2Bkg2--24 to 35 inches; very pale brown (10YR 7/3) fine sandy loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) moist; common fine prominent strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) and common medium prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) moist redox concentrations; massive; soft, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine and fine and few medium roots; common fine and medium irregular and few fine tubular pores; violently effervescent (16 percent calcium carbonate equivalent); disseminated lime and lime segregated into few fine rounded soft masses; slightly alkaline (pH 7.6); clear smooth boundary. (11 to 22 inches thick)
2Bkg3--35 to 40 inches; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) loam, dark gray (10YR 4/1) moist; common medium distinct brown (10YR 4/3) moist redox concentrations; massive; hard, very friable, slightly sticky and moderately plastic; common very fine and fine and few medium roots; few fine tubular and irregular pores; violently effervescent (12 percent calcium carbonate equivalent); disseminated lime and lime segregated into few fine rounded soft masses; slightly alkaline (pH 7.4); clear smooth boundary. (0 to 8 inches thick)
2Cg1--40 to 45 inches; gray (10YR 6/1) loamy sand, dark gray (10YR 4/1) moist; single grain; loose; common fine and medium and few very fine and coarse roots; few fine irregular pores; violently effervescent (6 percent calcium carbonate equivalent); moderately alkaline (pH 8.0); clear smooth boundary. (0 to 19 inches thick)
2Cg2--45 to 58 inches; gray (10YR 6/1) loam, dark gray (10YR 4/1) moist; massive; soft, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common fine and medium and few very fine roots; few fine irregular pores; violently effervescent (10 percent calcium carbonate equivalent); moderately alkaline (pH 7.9); clear smooth boundary. (0 to 13 inches thick)
3Cg--58 to 61 inches; multicolored very gravelly loamy sand; single grain; loose; many fine and medium irregular pores; violently effervescent (7 percent calcium carbonate equivalent); moderately alkaline (pH 8.0).
TYPE LOCATION: Bear Lake County, Idaho; about 5 miles east of Dingle, Idaho; about 1,700 feet south and 450 feet east of the northwest corner, sec. 12, T.15 S., R.45 E. Latitude - 42 degrees, 8 minutes, 7 seconds north. Longitude - 111 degrees, 8 minutes, 5 seconds west.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Thickness of mollic epipedon - 9 to 18 inches
Depth to calcic horizon - 0 to 9 inches
Calcium carbonate equivalent of calcic horizon - 15 to 30 percent Average annual soil temperature - 41 to 46 degrees F.
Depth to redox features - 10 to 18 inches
Depth to seasonal high water table - 10 to 18 inches December through May
Particle-size control section
Clay content - averages 11 to 16 percent
Present in some pedons
O horizons
Ak horizon
Value - 4 or 5 dry, 2 or 3 moist
Chroma - 1 through 3 dry or moist
Bk horizon
Hue - 10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y
Value - 5 or 6 dry, 3 or 4 moist
Chroma - 2 or 3 dry and 1 through 3 moist
Texture - SIL or SICL
Clay content - 25 to 35 percent
Reaction - slightly to moderately alkaline
2Bkg horizons
Hue - 10YR or 2.5Y
Value - 6 or 7 dry, 3 through 5 moist
Chroma - 2 or 3 dry and 1 through 3 moist
Texture - FSL, SL, or L
Clay content - 10 to 15 percent
Reaction - slightly to moderately alkaline
2Cg horizons
Hue - 10YR or 2.5Y
Value - 6 or 7 dry, 3 through 5 moist
Chroma - 1 through 3 dry or moist
Texture - Stratified LS to L
Clay content - 5 to 15 percent
3Cg horizons
Texture - stratified GRV-LS through FSL
Clay content - 5 to 10 percent
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Cowbone, Fram, and Wyndmere series. Cowbone soils do not have secondary carbonate accumulation below 23 inches. Fram soils have accumulations of gypsum in the lower part of the control section and occur on ground moraines. Wyndmere soils are somewhat poorly drained, have a water table at two to five feet and occur on delta and glacial lacustrine plains.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Cookcan soils are on flood plains. They have slopes of 0 to 2 percent. They formed in stratified alluvium. The average annual precipitation ranges from 12 to 16 inches, and the average annual temperature ranges from 39 to 45 degrees F. The frost-free season is about 70 to 100 days. Elevations are 4,900 to 6,250 feet.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Bear Lake, Blackotter (T), Millerditch (T), and Nuffer (T) series. Bear Lake soils have a fine-silty particle-size control section. Blackotter soils have a coarse-silty over sandy or sandy-skeletal particle-size control section. Millerditch soils are somewhat poorly drained and have a xeric soil moisture regime. Nuffer soils have a loamy-skeletal particle-size control section and a mollic epipedon greater than 20 inches thick. Bear Lake soils are on flood plains and in concave positions on wider valley bottoms. Blackotter soils are on similar landscapes as Cookcan. Millerditch and Nuffer soils are on similar landscapes but on slightly higher areas.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Poorly drained; slow or very slow runoff; moderate permeability; rare flooding for brief periods April through June.
USE AND VEGETATION: Used mainly for hayland or meadow pasture. Vegetation is mainly Nebraska sedge, sedges, tufted hairgrass, and slender wheatgrass
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: This soil is of small extent in southern Idaho.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Bozeman, Montana
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Bear Lake County, Idaho, 2008.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Mollic epipedon - The zone from the soil surface to 12 inches (the Ak1, Ak2, and Bk horizons).
Calcic horizon - The zone from the surface to 35 inches (the Ak1, Ak2, Bk, 2Bkg1, and 2Bkg2 horizons)
Aeric feature - the soil has chromas of 2 directly below the mollic epipedon.
Particle-size control section - the zone from 10 inches to 40 inches (part of the Bk horizon, the 2Bkg1, 2Bkg2 and 2Bkg3 horizons)
ADDITIONAL DATA: This soil was sampled for the NSSL Lincoln, NE (partial characterization). Idaho sample number S92ID007006. NSSL project number RP92-ID027, sample numbers 92P-914 - 92P-922.