LOCATION COYOTEROCK CA

Established Series
Rev: JHP/JPS/KP
07/2016

COYOTEROCK SERIES

The Coyoterock series consists of very deep, moderately well drained soils formed in colluvium and residuum derived from sandstone and mudstoneCoyoterock soils are on mountains and have slopes of 15 to 50 percent. The mean annual precipitation is about 2290 millimeters (90 inches) and the mean annual temperature is about 13 degrees C (55 degrees F).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, mixed, active, mesic Ultic Haploxeralfs

TYPICAL PEDON: Coyoterock cobbly clay loam - on a uniform, west-facing slope of 40 percent under Oregon white oak, poison oak, snowberry, Sierra gooseberry, annual and perennial grasses and forbs at 747 meters (2450 feet) elevation. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated. When described on July 12, 1983, the soil was moist throughout.)

Oi--0 to 1 centimeter (0 to 1 inch); fresh and slightly decomposed oak leaves, forbs and grass stems; moderately acid (pH 6.0); abrupt wavy boundary. (0 to 2 centimeters thick)

A1--1 to 21 centimeters (1 to 8 inches); very dark grayish brown (2.5Y 3/2) cobbly clay loam, grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) dry; moderate medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; friable, slightly hard, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine, and few fine and medium roots; many very fine and fine irregular pores; 8 percent gravel, 8 percent cobbles; moderately acid (pH 6.0); gradual smooth boundary.

A2--21 to 41 centimeters (8 to 16 inches); very dark grayish brown (2.5Y 3/2) gravelly clay loam, light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) dry; moderate coarse and very coarse subangular blocky structure; friable, slightly hard, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine, and few fine and medium roots; common very fine irregular pores; 15 percent gravel; moderately acid (pH 6.0); abrupt irregular boundary. (Combined thickness of the A horizons is 20 to 50 centimeters)

BAt--41 to 73 centimeters (16 to 29 inches); light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) gravelly clay loam, pale yellow (2.5Y 7/4) dry; moderate coarse and very coarse subangular blocky structure; firm, moderately hard, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; few very fine, fine and medium roots; few very fine irregular pores; many faint clay films on faces of peds and in pores; 15 percent gravel, 3 percent cobbles; strongly acid (pH 5.5); gradual smooth boundary. (10 to 35 centimeters thick)

Bt--73 to 99 centimeters (29 to 39 inches); light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) gravelly clay, pale yellow (2.5Y 7/4) dry; weak coarse and very coarse subangular blocky structure; firm, moderately hard, very sticky and moderately plastic; common medium and coarse, and few very fine and fine roots; few very fine irregular pores; common faint clay films on faces of peds and in pores; common fine prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulations, strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) moist; 15 percent gravel; strongly acid (pH 5.5); clear smooth boundary. (20 to 80 centimeters thick)

Cg--99 to 152 centimeters (39 to 60 inches); gray (10YR 5/1) gravelly silty clay, light gray (10YR 7/1) dry; massive; very firm, very hard, very sticky and very plastic; few very fine, fine, medium and coarse roots; few very fine interstitial pores; many fine prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulations, strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) moist; 20 percent gravel, 2 percent cobbles, rock content increasing with depth; strongly acid (pH 5.5). (25 to 60 centimeters thick)

TYPE LOCATION: Redwood National Park, Humboldt County, California; upper Copper Creek sub-basin; northeast quarter, southeast quarter, section 24, T. 9N. R. 2 E., WGS84 Decimal degrees 41.1543944 latitude and -123.8912917 longitude; HBLM; USGS Bald Hills Quadrangle. UTM Zone 10 425216mE 4556279mN; NAD83.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:

Soil Moisture: The soil is usually moist in all parts in the soil moisture control section from about November 1 to July 15, and is dry in all parts from about July 15 to October 15 in most years. The soils have a xeric moisture regime. A seasonal water table is present for 20 or more consecutive days or 30 or more cumulative days in most years within the zone from 70 to 100 centimeters (28 to 39 inches).

Soil Temperature: The mean annual soil temperature is 10 to 15 degrees C (50 to 59 degrees F). The difference between mean summer and mean winter temperature is 6 to 10 degrees C.

The umbric epipedon is 20 to 50 centimeters thick.

Depth to Redoximorphic features is 70 to 152 centimeters.

Base saturation is between 15 to 44 percent, by ammonium acetate, in the upper 75 centimeters (A1, A2, Bat, & Bt horizons) but may be higher near the surface, reaches a minimum in the Bt and then increases with depth.

Particle-Size Control Section (weighted average):

Rock fragments: 8 to 20 percent gravel and 0 to 20 percent cobbles.
Clay content: 35 to 45 percent clay.

O horizon

Hue: 10YR.
Value: 2 through 6 dry and moist.
Chroma: 1 through 4 dry and moist.

Texture: slightly decomposed organic material.
Wood fragments: 0 to 35 percent.
Reaction: neutral to moderately acid.

A horizon

Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y.
Value: 4 through 7 dry, 2 through 5 moist.
Chroma: 1 through 3 dry, 1 through 4 moist.

Texture of fine earth: loam or clay loam.
Rock fragments: 3 to 15 percent gravel and 0 to 10 percent cobbles.
Clay content: 21 to 30 percent clay.
Reaction: is moderately or strongly acid.

Bt horizon

Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y.
Value: 5 through 7 dry, 3 through 5 moist.
Chroma: 2 through 4 dry, 2 through 4 moist.

Texture of fine earth: clay loam, silty clay loam, or clay.
Rock fragments: 5 to 20 percent gravel and 0 to 20 percent cobbles.
Clay content: 35 to 45 percent clay.
Reaction: is slightly to strongly acid.

Redoximorphic features:

Hue: 7.5YR, 10YR or 2.5Y.
Value: 5 or 6 dry, 4 or 5 moist.
Chroma: 6 or 8 dry, 4 through 8 moist.

Cg horizon

Hue: 10YR, 2.5Y, 5Y, or N.
Value: 5 through 7 dry, 3 or 5 moist.
Chroma: / through 2 dry, / through 2 moist.

Texture of fine earth: clay loam, silty clay loam, silty clay or clay.
Rock fragments: 5 to 25 percent gravel and 0 to 20 percent cobbles.
Clay content: 35 to 50 percent clay.
Reaction: neutral to very strongly acid.

Redoximorphic features:

Hue: 7.5YR, 10YR, or 2.5Y.
Value: 5 or 6 dry, 4 or 5 moist.
Chroma: 6 or 8 dry, 4 through 8 moist.

COMPETING SERIES: This is the Mildred series. Mildred soils have a paralithic contact between 20 and 40 inches.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Coyoterock soils are in moist locations on poorly incised drainages, hillslope hollows, and earthflows on mountain slopes. Slopes are 15 to 50 percent. Elevations are 158 to 1220 meters (515 to 4000 feet). The soils formed in colluvium and residuum derived from sandstone and mudstone. The climate is humid with cool, foggy summers and cool, rainy winters. This soil also has a dry phase when used in MLRA 5 where there is no marine layer influence in the summers. Mean annual precipitation is 1525 to 2550 millimeters (60 to 100 inches). Mean January temperature is about 7 degrees C; mean July temperature is about 15 degree C; and the mean annual temperature is 10 to 15 degrees C (50 to 59 degrees F). Frost free season is about 200 to 260 days.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Pasturerock and Maneze soils. Pasturerock soils have less than 35 percent clay in the particle size control section. Maneze soils have greater than 35 percent rock fragments in the particle size control section and lack an argillic horizon. The Pasturerock soils are on uniform positions and Maneze soils are on convex position on slopes in drier locations above or alongside the Coyoterock soils.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Moderately well drained; very high runoff; saturated hydraulic conductivity is moderately high in the surface layer, moderately low in the subsoil and low in the substratum. Aquic conditions for 20 or more consecutive days or 30 or more cumulative days in most years within the zone from 70 to 200 centimeters.

USE AND VEGETATION: This soil has been used for livestock grazing, wildlife habitat, and watershed. The native vegetation is oak woodland. Species include Oregon white oak, poison oak, annual and perennial grasses and forbs, with scattered big-leaf maple, Douglas-fir and California bay. Some areas have abundant pacific swordfern.
Invasion by Douglas-fir and succession to forest is in progress in many areas.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: California Coastal Redwood Belt, MLRA 4B. The series is not extensive.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Davis, California.

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Redwood National Park portion, Humboldt and Del Norte Area Soil Survey, California, 2001. The source of the name is from Coyote Rock, a large, unique rock outcrop near Coyote Creek, located in Redwood National Park south of the town of Orick.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:

1. Umbric epipedon - the zone from 1 to 41 centimeters (A1 & A2 horizon)
2. Argillic horizon - the zone from 41 to 99 centimeters (BAt & Bt horizons)
3. Redoximorphic features - in the zone from 73 to 152 centimeters (Bt & Cg horizons)
4. Ultic Haploxeralfs feature - base saturation of between 15 to 44 percent, by ammonium acetate, in the upper 75 centimeters (A1, A2, Bat, & Bt horizons)
5. Particle-size control section - the zone from 41 to 91 centimeters, averages 37 percent clay, 10 percent fine sand or coarser by weight, and 25 percent rock fragments, by volume. CEC/clay ratio averages 0.45

ADDITIONAL DATA: NSSL Pedon No. 10N0678, Soil sample 83-RNP-10 and 86-RNP-9 were collected from this pedon and analyzed chemically at the Oregon state University Soil Testing Laboratory.
NASIS User Pedon ID 83CA605REDW036.

Soil classified using the 12th Edition of the Keys to Soil Taxonomy.

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.