LOCATION COZBERG MTEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-loamy, mixed, superactive, frigid Aridic Haplustolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Cozberg fine sandy loam, cultivated. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted)
Ap--0 to 7 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) fine sandy loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; weak fine granular structure; slightly hard, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; many fine roots and pores; neutral (pH 7.3); clear wavy boundary. (5 to 8 inches thick)
Bw1--7 to 12 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) fine sandy loam, dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; moderate medium prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common fine roots; common fine pores; neutral (pH 7.3); clear wavy boundary.
Bw2--12 to 20 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) fine sandy loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; moderate medium and coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common fine and very fine roots; common fine and medium pores; slightly alkaline (pH 7.6); clear wavy boundary. (Combined Bw horizons 10 to 25 inches thick)
Bk1--20 to 26 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) fine sandy loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; weak coarse prismatic structure; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky and nonplastic; few fine and very fine roots; common fine pores; 5 percent pebbles; few faint lime coatings on surface of pebbles; disseminated lime, slightly effervescent; abrupt wavy boundary. (0 to 9 inches thick)
2Bk2--26 to 30 inches; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) gravelly loamy sand, grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) moist; single grained; loose; 20 percent pebbles; disseminated lime; common large masses of lime; continuous distinct crusts on surface of pebbles; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.0); gradual wavy boundary. (4 to 12 inches thick)
2C--30 to 60 inches; pale brown (10YR 6/3) loamy sand, brown (10YR 5/3) moist; single grain; loose; 10 percent pebbles; disseminated lime; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.0).
TYPE LOCATION: Blaine County, Montana; 1,000 feet south and 400 feet east of the NW corner of sec. 26, T. 35 N., R. 25 E.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil temperature - 42 to 47 degrees F.
Moisture control section - between 8 and 24 inches.
Mollic epipedon thickness - 7 to 16 inches.
Depth to calcic horizon - 16 to 25 inches.
Depth to lithologic discontinuity - 20 to 40 inches.
Material above the discontinuity - less than 50 percent fine sand and coarser sand.
A horizon - Value: 2 or 3 moist
Chroma: 2 or 3
Texture: fine sandy loam, sandy loam or loam
Clay content: 10 to 25 percent
Rock fragments: 0 to 15 percent pebbles
Reaction: pH 6.6 to 8.4
Bw horizons - Value: 5 or 6, 3 to 5 moist
Chroma: 2 or 3
Texture: fine sandy loam or sandy loam
Clay content: 10 to 18 percent
Rock fragments: 0 to 15 percent
Reaction: pH 6.6 to 8.4
Bk horizon - Value: 5 to 7, 4 to 6 moist
Chroma: 2 to 4
Texture: fine sandy loam or sandy loam
Clay content: 10 to 18 percent
Rock fragments: 0 to 15 percent
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 5 to 15 percent
Reaction: pH 7.4 to 8.4
2Bk horizon - Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 5 to 7, 4 to 6 moist
Chroma: 2 to 4
Texture: loamy sand, sandy loam, loamy coarse sand or coarse sand
Clay content: 0 to 10 percent
Rock fragments: 0 to 30 percent
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 15 to 35 percent
Reaction: pH 7.4 to 8.4
2C horizon - Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 5 to 7, 4 to 6 moist
Chroma: 2 to 6
Texture: loamy sand, sand, loamy coarse sand or coarse sand
Clay content: 0 to 10 percent
Rock fragments: 0 to 35 percent pebbles
Reaction: pH 7.4 to 8.4
COMPETING SERIES:
Anaconda (MT) - does not have a lithologic discontinuity.
Chinook (MT) - do not have a discontinuity above a depth of 40 inches.
Lahood (MT) - has a lithic contact at 20 to 40 inches.
Pring (CO) - noncalcareous above a depth of 40 inches.
Rhame (ND) - a paralithic contact at a depth of 20 to 40 inches.
Tinytown (CO) - noncalcareous throughout the soil.
Ynot (MT) - noncalcareous throughout the soil.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: These are the competing Chinook and Rhame soils and the Fleak soils. Chinook and Rhame occur on similar landscapes position and Fleak soils are above the Cozberg soils on the landscape. Fleak soils are shallow to paralithic beds.
Landform - stream terraces, hills and till plains.
Elevation - 2,500 to 5,000 feet.
Slope- 0 to 25 percent.
Parent material - alluvium, glaciofluvial deposits or eolian deposits.
Climate - long, cold, dry winters; moist springs; and moist summers.
Mean annual precipitation - 10 to 15 inches.
Mean annual air temperature - 40 to 45 degrees F.
Frost-free period - 90 to 130 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained; moderately rapid permeability above the 2C horizon and rapid in the underlying loose sand or loamy sand.
USE AND VEGETATION: Cozberg soils are used mainly for range and dryland crops. Potential native vegetation is mainly Indian ricegrass, prairie sandreed, needleandthread, western wheatgrass, some shrubs, and forbs.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Cozberg soils are of small extent in the plains of northern and eastern Montana.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Blaine County, Montana, 1976
REMARKS: Soil interpretations records: MT0288, MT1061, and MT9043. Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon: mollic epipedon - the zone from the surface of the soil to a depth of 12 inches (A and Bw1 horizons); cambic horizon - the zone from 12 to 26 inches (Bw2 and Bk horizons); lithologic discontinuity - at a depth of 26 inches (top of 2Bk2 horizon); secondary carbonate accumulation - the zone from 26 to 30 inches (2Bk2 horizon); particle-size control section - the zone from 10 to 40 inches (Bw1, Bw2, Bk1, 2Bk2 and part of 2C horizon).