LOCATION CROSSTELL               TX

Established Series
Rev. CMT-BJW-GLL
01/2017

CROSSTELL SERIES

The Crosstell series consists of deep, moderately well drained, very slowly permeable soils that formed in clayey residuum derived from claystone. These nearly level to strongly sloping soils are on shoulders and backslopes of ridges on hills. Slope ranges from 0 to 12 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 965 mm (38 in) and the mean annual air temperature is about 19 degrees C (66 Degrees F).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, smectitic, thermic Udertic Paleustalfs

TYPICAL PEDON: Crosstell fine sandy loam--wooded.
(Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated.)

A--0 to 13 cm (0 to 5 in); brown (7.5YR 4/2) fine sandy loam, dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) moist; with a thin light brown (7.5YR 6/4) surface crust; moderate coarse subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, very friable, sticky; many fine roots, few coarse roots; few chert pebbles; slightly acid; abrupt wavy boundary. Thickness is 10 to 25 cm (4 to 10 in)

Bt1--13 to 41 cm (5 to 16 in); reddish yellow (5YR 6/6) clay, yellowish red (5YR 5/6) moist common medium distinct yellow (10YR 7/6) mottles; moderate coarse angular blocky structure; very hard, very firm, very plastic; few fine and medium roots; few fine and medium pores; thick continuous clay films on faces of peds; many cracks; few chert pebbles; strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary. Thickness is 13 to 38 cm (5 to 15 in)

Bt2--41 to 71 cm (16 to 28 in); yellowish red (5YR 5/6) clay, yellowish red (5YR 4/6) moist; common fine distinct yellow (10YR 7/6) mottles; moderate coarse angular blocky structure; extremely hard, extremely firm, very plastic; few fine and medium roots; few fine and medium pores; prominent clay films and pressure faces; few black concretions; few chert pebbles; many cracks; strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary. Thickness is 20 to 46 cm (8 to 18 in)

Bt3--71 to 97 cm (28 to 38 in); reddish brown (5YR 5/4) clay, reddish brown (5YR 4/4) moist; common fine distinct pale olive (5Y 6/4) mottles; moderate coarse angular blocky structure; extremely hard, extremely firm, very plastic; few fine and medium roots; few fine and medium pores; thin patchy clay films; common fine black concretions; common slickensides; many cracks; few chert pebbles; moderately acid; gradual smooth boundary. Thickness is 0 to 38 cm (0 to 15 in)

BCt--97 to 117 cm (38 to 46 in); coarsely and prominently mottled pale olive (5Y 6/4), olive yellow (5Y 6/6), and light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) clay; moderate coarse angular blocky structure; extremely hard, extremely firm, very plastic; few fine and medium roots; thin patchy clay films and pressure faces; few fine black concretions; few crystals of gypsum; few chert pebbles; moderately alkaline; gradual smooth boundary. Thickness is 0 to 30 cm [0 to 12 in]

Cd1--117 to 137 cm (46 to 54 in); prominently and coarsely mottled olive (5Y 5/4), olive (5Y 5/6), light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2), and light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) shaly clay; extremely hard, extremely firm, very plastic; few fine roots; few black concretions up to about 5 mm in size; few crystals of gypsum; few chert pebbles; moderately alkaline; gradual smooth boundary. Thickness is 0 to 38 cm (0 to 15 in)

Cd2--137 to 178 cm (54 to 70 in); prominently and coarsely mottled gray (N 6/0) and brownish yellow (10YR 6/8) shale; extremely hard, extremely firm, very plastic; few masses of segregated iron; few fine masses of calcium carbonate; many crystals of gypsum; few chert pebbles; moderately alkaline; matrix is noncalcareous.

TYPE LOCATION: Hill County, Texas; about 10 miles northwest of Hillsboro and 5 miles northeast of Whitney. About 2 miles west of Peoria on SH 22 and 4.5 miles north on FR 3050; site is about 0.75 mile west of road.
USGS topographic quadrangle: Blanton, Texas;
Latitude: 32 degrees, 1 minutes, 37.57 seconds N;
Longitude: 97 degrees, 18 minutes, 28.72 seconds W;
Datum: WGS84

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil Moisture: a Udic-Ustic soil moisture regime.
Depth to densic bedrock: 102 to 152 cm (40 to 60 in)
Thickness of the ochric epipedon: 10 to 25 cm (4 to 10 in)
Depth to argillic: 10 to 25 cm (4 to 10 in)
Rock fragments: 0 to 3 percent by volume quartz gravels throughout; 0 to 10 percent sandstone and ironstone gravel

Particle size control section (weighted average)
Clay content: 40 to 60 percent

A Horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR to 10YR
Value: 4 to 7
Chroma: 2 to 4
Note: when an A2 horizon is present it is 1 to 3 units greater in value and chroma
Texture: fine sandy loam, very fine sandy loam, or loam
Other feature: the A horizon is less than 15 cm (6 in) thick in more than 50 percent of pedons, but ranges to 25 cm (10 in) thick in subsoil troughs of some pedons
Reaction (pH): moderately acid to slightly alkaline (5.6 - 7.8)

Upper Bt Horizons:
Hue: 2.5YR to 7.5YR
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 4 to 8
Texture: clay
Redox features: none to common, in shades of olive or yellow
Reaction (pH): very strongly acid to slightly alkaline (4.5 - 7.8)

Lower Bt and BC Horizons:
Hue: 10YR to 5Y
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 4 to 8
Texture: clay or clay loam
Redox depletions: few to many, in shades of gray, olive, or yellow
Redox concentration: none to common, in shades of brown or red
Identifiable secondary carbonate: none to few
Reaction (pH): moderately acid to moderately alkaline (5.6 - 8.4)

Cd Horizon:
Color: in shades of brown, gray, olive, or yellow
Hue: 10YR to 5Y
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 2 to 6
Texture: claystone or interbedded claystone and sandstone
Identifiable secondary carbonate: none to common, soft masses and concretions
Effervescent: none to slight
Reaction (pH): neutral to moderately alkaline (6.6 - 8.4)

COMPETING SERIES: These are the Axtell, Bremond, Crockett, Kurten, Navo, Zack and Zulch series in the same family.
Axtell, Bremond and Navo soils: are more than 150 cm (60 in) deep to claystone bedrock.
Crockett soils: are less acid in the upper Bt horizon and commonly have colors with lower chroma and value.
Kurten soils: formed in acid shale from Tertiary age Cook Mountain formation and occurs in a wetter climate.
Zack and Zulch soils: are formed in alkaline clayey and loamy sediments of the Eocene age Yagua Formation.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent Material: Clayey residuum weathered from claystone and sandstone mainly in the Woodbine Formation of Cretaceous Age
Landscapes: Hills
Landform: shoulders and backslopes of ridges
Slope: 0 to 12 percent
Mean Annual Precipitation: 889 to 1067 mm (35 to 42 in)
Thornthwaite P-E: 52 to 64
Mean Annual Air Temperature: 17 to 19 degrees C (63 to 66 degrees F)
Frost Free Days: 220 to 250 days
Elevation: 152.4 to 274.3 m (500 to 900 ft)

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These include the Aubrey, Birome, Callisburg, Crockett, Gasil and Rayex series.
Aubrey, Birome and Rayex soils: are less than 100 cm (40 in) deep to a restrictive layer and occur on higher low hills and ridges. Also Rayex and Birome formed over weekly cemented sandstone
Callisberg soils: occur on lower footslopes positions, do not have vertic properites, and have sola greater than 150 cm (60 in) deep.
Crockett soils: occur on similar positions and have redder colors in upper Bt horizons.
Gasil soils: occur on similar positions and have fine-loamy particle-size control sections

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Moderately well drained. Permeability is very slow. Runoff is high on 0-1 percent slopes and very high on 1 to 12 percent slopes.

USE AND VEGETATION: Mostly in wooded pasture and old idle fields. Vegetation consists of post oak, with a few mesquite and a sparse stand of native grasses such as little bluestem, sideoats grama, big bluestem, tall dropseed, purpletop, and indiangrass.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Central north Texas. LRR-J, Southestwern Prairies Cotton and Forage Region; MLRA 84C - East Cross Timbers; These soils are of moderate extent.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Temple, Texas

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Hill County, Texas; 1975.

REMARKS: These soils were formerly included in the Axtell series.

Edited 01/2017 (RFG-SCP): Converted to tabular format and added metric units. Updated competing series, geographic setting, and associated soils sections.

Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon - 0 to 13 cm (0 to 5 in) (A horizons)
Argillic horizon - 13 to 117 cm (5 to 46 in) (Bt horizons)
Densic Contact - 117 cm (46 in)
Densic Material - 117 to 203 cm (46 to 80 in) (Cd horizons)
Udertic features: soil has high shrink-swell in the Bt horizons and cracks when dry

Taxonomic Version: Keys to Soil Taxonomy, Twelfth Edition, 2014

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.