LOCATION CUTBACK            WY
Established Series
Rev. RLR/MCS/SSP
05/1999

CUTBACK SERIES


The Cutback series consists of moderately deep, well drained, moderately permeable soils formed in mixed alluvium and slope alluvium over residuum derived from tuffaceous sandstone. These soils are on gently sloping to moderately steep hills and pediments. Slopes range from 1 to 25 percent. The mean annual precipitation is about 12 inches, and the mean annual temperature is about 42 degrees F.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, frigid Ustic Calciargids

TYPICAL PEDON: Cutback fine sandy loam, on a convex east-facing slope of 2 percent, rangeland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated.)

A--0 to 1 inch; pale brown (10YR 6/3) fine sandy loam, dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; moderate fine granular structure; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many fine vesicular pores; 10 percent gravel; moderately alkaline (pH 8.0); abrupt wavy boundary. (1 to 2 inches thick)

Bt--1 to 7 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) sandy clay loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; moderate medium prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few distinct dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) clay films on faces of peds; 5 percent gravel; slightly alkaline (pH 7.6); clear wavy boundary. (5 to 13 inches thick)

Btk--7 to 17 inches; very pale brown (10YR 7/3) clay loam, pale brown (10YR 6/3) moist; weak medium prismatic structure parting to weak medium subangular blocky; hard, friable, sticky and plastic; few distinct pale brown (10YR 6/3) clay films on faces of peds; 10 percent gravel; violently effervescent; calcium carbonate disseminated and as few distinct seams and soft masses; strongly alkaline (pH 8.8); clear wavy boundary. (3 to 10 inches thick)

2Bk1--17 to 25 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) extremely gravelly sandy clay loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist; massive; hard, friable, sticky and plastic; 80 percent gravel, most of which are fragments of tuff; violently effervescent, calcium carbonate as common prominent seams and soft masses; slightly alkaline (pH 7.8); clear wavy boundary. (6 to 22 inches thick)

2Bk2--25 to 31 inches; light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) very gravelly sandy loam, olive brown (2.5Y 4/4) moist; massive; hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; about 50 percent gravel, most of which are fragments of tuff; strongly effervescent, calcium carbonate as few medium and fine seams and soft masses; strongly alkaline (pH 8.6); abrupt wavy boundary.

2Cr--31 inches; olive (5Y 5/3) soft, calcareous, tuffaceous sandstone.

TYPE LOCATION: Albany County, Wyoming; 100 feet north, 1,200 feet west of the southeast corner of Section 12, T24N, R75W. Boot Heel South East Quadrangle Wyo. 42 degrees 3 minutes 38 seconds north latitude and 105 degrees 45 minutes 55 seconds west longitude.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
The surface is covered with 0 to 30 percent gravel and fine cobbles.
Depth to the base of the argillic horizon: 10 to 18 inches
Depth to secondary calcium carbonate: 7 to 17 inches
Depth to calcic horizon: 9 to 25 inches
Depth to lithologic discontinuity: 15 to 24 inches to tuffaceous skeletal material
Depth to paralithic contact: 20 to 40 inches to tuffaceous sandstone

Particle-size control section: 20 to 32 percent clay with 35 to 50 percent fine sand or coarser and averages 10 to 35 percent rock fragments

A horizon:
Value: 5 or 6 dry, 3 through 5 moist
Chroma: 2 through 4 dry or moist
Rock fragments: 0 to 20 percent gravel and 0 to 5 percent cobbles
Reaction: neutral through moderately alkaline

Bt and Btk horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 5 through 7 dry, 4 through 6 moist
Chroma: 3 or 4 dry or moist
Texture: sandy clay loam, but the range includes gravelly and very gravelly modifiers in some subhorizons
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 0 to 20 percent
Reaction: slightly alkaline through strongly alkaline

2Bk horizon:
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 5 through 8 dry, 4 through 7 moist
Chroma: 1 through 4 dry or moist
Texture: sandy clay loam, sandy loam, or loamy sand with either very or extremely gravelly modifiers
Rock fragments: 35 to 80 percent tuffaceous gravel
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 15 to 30 percent
Reaction: moderately alkaline through strongly alkaline

COMPETING SERIES: These are the Alogia, Antonito, Cushool, Fluetsch, Fonce, Grubrob, Hickey, Rock River, Stunner, and Wycolo series.

Alogia, Fluetsch, Fonce, Hickey, Rock River, Stunner: do not have a lithic or paralithic contact within 40 inches of the surface

Antonito, Grubrob: have a lithic contact between 20 and 40 inches deep

Cushool: do not have a lithologic discontinuity with tuffaceous skeletal materials

Wycolo: have hue redder than 7.5YR

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material: mixed alluvium and slope alluvium over residuum derived from tuffaceous sandstone
Landform: gently sloping to moderately steep alluvial fans and pediments
Slopes: 1 to 25 percent
Elevation: 5,600 to 7,800 feet
Mean annual precipitation: 10 to 14 inches of which about half falls in spring
Mean annual temperature: 40 to 45 degrees F.
Mean summer temperature: 59 to 65 degrees F.
Frost-free period: 85 to 110 days

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the competing Bateson and Cushool soils and the Forelle and Pinelli soils. Forelle and Pinelli soils do not have bedrock above a depth of 40 inches.

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained; slow or medium runoff, depending on slope percent; moderate permeability.

USE AND VEGETATION: Rangeland and wildlife habitat. The native vegetation consists of western wheatgrass, bluebunch wheatgrass, big sagebrush, blue grama, and threadleaf sedge.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Southeast Wyoming. LRR D, MLRA 34. The series is of moderate extent.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Bozeman, Montana

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Albany County Area, Wyoming, 1991.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:

Particle-size control section - 1 to 17 inches (Bt, Btk)
Ochric epipedon - 0 to 1 inch (A)
Argillic horizon - 1 to 17 inches (Bt, Btk)
Calcic horizon - 17 to 31 inches (Bk1,Bk2)

Classification was changed from Ustic Haplargids to Ustic Calciargids 5/99.

Taxonomic version: Eighth Edition, 1998.


National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.