LOCATION CANOVA FLEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, siliceous, superactive, hyperthermic Histic Glossaqualfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Canova muck--pasture (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated).
Oa--0 to 9 inches; dark reddish brown (5YR 2/2) unrubbed and rubbed muck; massive; sodium pyrophosphate light gray (10YR 7/1); many fine roots; slightly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (8 to 16 inches thick)
A--9 to 16 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) sand; single grained; loose; few fine roots; few medium distinct very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) streaks of organic matter accumulation; slightly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (1 to 11 inches thick)
E--16 to 22 inches; light gray (10YR 7/2) sand; single grained; loose; few fine roots; few medium faint grayish brown (10YR 5/2) areas of organic matter depletions; slightly acid; abrupt irregular boundary. (4 to 11 inches thick)
Btg/E--22 to 32 inches; gray (10YR 5/1) sandy clay loam (Btg); weak coarse subangular blocky structure; friable; few coarse distinct tongues of dark gray (10YR 4/1) sand (E); sand grains are coated and bridged with clay; few medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) and dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) masses of iron accumulations; slightly acid; gradual boundary. (3 to 10 inches thick)
Btg--32 to 43 inches; gray (10YR 5/1) sandy clay loam; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; friable; sand grains coated and bridged with clay; common medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) and dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) masses of organic matter and iron accumulations; neutral; gradual wavy boundary. (3 to 12 inches thick)
BCg1--43 to 61 inches; gray (10YR 5/1) sandy clay loam; massive; friable; lenses and pockets of sandy loam and loamy sand; common fine faint light gray (10YR 7/2) masses of calcium carbonate; few fine distinct dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) masses of iron accumulations; moderately alkaline; clear wavy boundary.
BCg2--61 to 66 inches; gray (10YR 6/1) sandy clay loam; massive; friable; many fine medium and coarse distinct light gray (10YR 7/2) masses of calcium carbonate; few medium distinct dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) masses of iron accumulation; moderately alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Brevard County, Florida; approximately 10.0 miles west of Malabar on SR 514 to a farm road along canal, then south about 5.0 miles. About 325 feet southwest of ditch and fence in the NE 1/4, NE 1/4, Sec. 32, T. 36 E., T. 28 S.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Reaction ranges from extremely acid to slightly acid in the Oa horizon, from strongly acid to moderately alkaline in the A, E, and Btg horizons, and slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline in the BCg and Cg horizons.
The Oa horizon has hue of 5YR to 10YR, value of 2 or 3 and chroma of 1 to 3; or it is neutral with value of 2. It is composed of fibric, hemic, or sapric materials. Texture is muck.
The A horizon has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 2 to 6, and chroma of 1 or 2; or it is neutral with value of 2 to 6. Texture is sand or fine sand.
The E horizon has hue of has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 5 to 7, and chroma of 1 or 2; or it is neutral with value of 5 to 7. Redoximorphic features in shades of brown, yellow, or gray range from none to common. Texture is sand or fine sand.
The Btg part of the Btg/E horizon has hue of 10YR to 5GY, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 1 or 2; or it is neutral with value of 4 to 6. The E part of the Btg/E is composed of tongues of sandy material extending into the Btg horizon and having hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 5 to 7, and chroma of 1 or 2. Masses of iron and organic matter accumulation in shades of yellow and brown range from few to many. Texture is sandy loam or sandy clay loam.
The Btg horizon has hue of 10YR to 5GY, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 1 or 2; or it is neutral with value of 4 to 6. Masses of iron accumulation in shades of yellow and brown range from few to many. Texture is sandy loam or sandy clay loam.
The BCg horizon, where present, has the same range of colors as the Btg horizon. Masses of iron accumulation in shades of brown and yellow range from none to common. Common fine and medium soft to hard fragments of carbonatic material in shades of gray range from few to common. Texture is sandy loam or sandy clay loam with lenses of sand, loamy sand, and sandy loam.
The Cg horizon, where present, has hue of 5Y to 5G, value of 5 or 6, and chroma of 1. Masses of iron accumulation in shades of brown and yellow range from none to common. Masses and nodules of calcium carbonate along with shell fragments range from few to many. Thin discontinuous strata of limestone may be present in some pedons. Texture is sandy clay loam or sandy loam with lenses of sand or loamy sand.
COMPETING SERIES: These are no known series in the same family.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Canova soils are in large depressional areas, fresh water swamps, and marshes. Slopes are 1 percent or less. They formed in moderately thick beds of loamy marine sediments. The climate is humid subtropical. The average annual precipitation ranges from 50 to 60 inches and the average annual air temperature ranges from 72 to 74 degrees F.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These include the Chobee, Felda, Floridana, Manatee, Micco, Terra Ceia, Tomoka, Valkaria, and Winder soils. Chobee, Floridana, and Manatee soils are on similar to slightly higher positions, do not have Histic epipedons, and are Mollisols. In addition, Floridana soils have sandy surface and subsurface horizons 20 to 40 inches in thickness and Manatee soils have coarse-loamy control sections. The very poorly drained or poorly drained Felda and Valkaria soils are on similar to slightly higher positions and do not have Histic epipedons. In addition, Felda soils have sandy surface and subsurface layers 20 to 40 inches in thickness and Valkaria soils have weakly expressed spodic horizons and are sandy throughout. Micco, Terra Ceia, and Tomoka soils are on similar positions and are Histosols. In addition, Micco soils have an organic layer 16 to 40 inches in thickness, Terra Ceia soils are organic throughout the profile, and Tomoka soils have organic layers 16 to 45 inches in thickness. The poorly drained Winder soils are on similar to slightly higher positions and do not have a Histic epipedon.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Very poorly drained; moderately slow permeability.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas of Canova soils remain in their natural state and are used for wildlife habitat. Some areas have been diked and drained and are used for truck crops, bulb crops, and improved pasture. The vegetation is dominated by reeds, sedges, sawgrass, lilies, scattered cypress, maple, gum, bay, and myrtle.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Central and southern part of Peninsular Florida. The series is of moderate extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Auburn, Alabama.
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Brevard County, Florida; 1970.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in the pedon:
Histic epipedon - the zone from the surface of the soil to a depth of 9 inches (Oa horizon).
Argillic horizon - the zone from a depth of 22 inches to 66 inches (Btg/E (Btg part), Btg, BCg1, and BCg2 horizons).
Glossic feature - the tongues of sand extending from a depth of 22 inches to 32 inches (E part of Btg/E horizon).
The water table is at the surface or within 10 inches of the surface for more than 9 months during most years. In its natural state, the soil is flooded for 3 to 6 months during most years.
These soils were formerly a part of the Felda series.