LOCATION CAPAC                   MI

Established Series
Rev. LWB-GFT-MLK
08/2012

CAPAC SERIES

The Capac series consists of very deep, somewhat poorly drained soils formed in loam or clay loam till. These soils are on moraines and till plains. Slope ranges from 0 to 6 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 813 mm (32 inches), and mean annual temperature is about 8.3 degrees C (47 degrees F).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, active, mesic Aquic Glossudalfs

TYPICAL PEDON: Capac fine sandy loam, on a northwest-facing, convex, 2 percent slope about 40 meters (130 feet) long in a cultivated field. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)

Ap--0 to 20 cm (8 inches); very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) fine sandy loam, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) dry; weak very thick platy structure parting to moderate very fine subangular blocky; friable; about 2 percent gravel; neutral; abrupt smooth boundary. [13 to 30 cm (5 to 12 inches) thick]

B/E--20 to 38 cm (8 to 15 inches); dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) clay loam (Bt); brown (10YR 5/3) very pale brown (10YR7/3) dry, coating of sandy loam on faces of peds (E); moderate medium subangular blocky structure; firm; common distinct brown (10YR 4/3) clay films on faces of peds; common fine distinct grayish brown (10YR 5/2) iron depletions in the matrix; many coarse distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) and many coarse prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) masses of oxidized iron in the matrix; about 2 percent gravel; moderately acid; clear wavy boundary. [8 to 43 cm (3 to 17 inches) thick]

Bt--38 to 51 cm (15 to 20 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) clay loam; weak very thick platy structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; firm; common prominent brown (10YR 4/3) clay films on faces of peds; few medium distinct gray (10YR 5/1) and common medium distinct grayish brown (10YR 5/2) iron depletions in the matrix; many medium prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) masses of oxidized iron in the matrix; about 2 percent gravel; neutral; clear wavy boundary. [13 to 81 cm (5 to 32 inches) thick]

BC--51 to 61 cm (20 to 24 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) loam; weak thick platy structure parting to moderate thin platy; friable; common medium distinct gray (10YR 5/1) and grayish brown (10YR 5/2) iron depletions in the matrix; common medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) and common medium prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) masses of oxidized iron in the matrix; about 2 percent gravel; moderately alkaline; abrupt wavy boundary. [0 to 25 cm (10 inches) thick]

C--61 to 203 cm (24 to 80 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) loam; strong very thick platy structure parting to moderate very fine subangular blocky; friable; common fine distinct grayish brown (10YR 5/2) iron depletions in the matrix; common coarse prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) masses of oxidized iron in the matrix; about 2 percent gravel; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline.

TYPE LOCATION: Barry County, Michigan; about 1 1/2 miles from the town of Woodland; 216 feet south and 1,584 feet east of the northwest corner of sec. 28, T. 4 N., R. 7 W., Woodland Township; USGS Woodland topographic quadrangle; lat. 42 degrees 42 minutes 43 seconds N. and long. 85 degrees 08 minutes 53 seconds W., NAD 27.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Thickness of the solum: 46 to 102 cm (18 to 40 inches)
Depth to carbonates: 46 to 102 cm (18 to 40 inches)

Ap horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 3 or 4, 6 dry
Chroma: 1 to 3
Texture: loam, silt loam, sandy loam, or fine sandy loam
Rock fragment content: 0 to 10 percent gravel
Reaction: moderately acid to neutral

A horizon, where present:
Thickness: 2.5 to 10 cm (1 to 4 inches)
Hue: 10YR
Value: 2 or 3
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: loam, silt loam, sandy loam, or fine sandy loam
Rock fragment content: 0 to 10 percent gravel
Reaction: moderately acid to neutral

E horizon, where present:
Thickness: 2.5 to 15 cm (1 to 6 inches)
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 5 or 6
Chroma: 1 to 3.
Texture: clay loam, loam, silt loam, fine sandy loam, or sandy loam
Rock fragment content: 0 to 10 percent gravel
Reaction: moderately acid to neutral

E part of the B/E horizon occurs as 2 to 5 mm thick coatings on faces of peds.

B part of the B/E horizon:
Hue: 5YR to 2.5Y
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 3 to 8
Texture: clay loam, loam or sandy loam
Rock fragment content: 0 to 10 percent gravel
Reaction: moderately acid to neutral

Bt horizon:
Hue: 5YR to 2.5Y
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 2 to 6
Texture: clay loam, sandy clay loam, silty clay loam, or loam
Clay content: 18 to 35 clay, but typically is about 25 percent
Rock fragment content: 0 to 10 percent gravel
Reaction: moderately acid to neutral

BC horizon, where present:
Hue: 5YR to 2.5Y
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 2 to 6
Texture: loam or clay loam
Rock fragment content: 0 to 10 percent gravel
Reaction: neutral to moderately alkaline

C horizon:
Hue: 5YR to 2.5Y
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 2 to 6
Texture: loam or clay loam
Rock fragment content: 0 to 14 percent
Reaction: slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline

COMPETING SERIES: There are no other series in this family.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Capac soils are on moraines and till plains of Wisconsin age. Slope ranges from 0 to 6 percent. Capac soils formed in loam or clay loam till. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 711 to 914 mm (28 to 36 inches). Mean annual temperature ranges from 6.7 to 8.9 degrees C (44 to 48 degrees F).

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: The moderately well drained Marlette soils and poorly drained Parkhill soils are in a drainage sequence with the Capac soils. The Wixom, Metamora and Selfridge soils have coarser textured upper sola.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Somewhat poorly drained. Depth to the top of an apparent seasonal high water table ranges from 15 to 46 cm (0.5 foot to 1.5 feet) below the surface at some time from September to May in normal years. The potential for surface runoff is negligible to high. Saturated hydraulic conductivity is moderately high. Permeability is moderately slow.

USE AND VEGETATION: This soil is used to grow corn, beans, sugar beets, small grains, and grass-legume hay. A small part is in hardwood forest, pasture, or remains idle.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: MLRAs 96, 97, 98, 99 in lower Michigan. The type location is in MLRA 98. The series is of large extent.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: AMHERST, MASSACHUSETTS

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Sanilac County, Michigan, 1955.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon: from the surface to a depth of 20 cm (8 inches) (Ap horizon).
Glossic horizon: from a depth of 20 to 38 cm (8 to 15 inches) (B/E horizon).
Argillic horizon: from a depth of 20 to 51 cm (8 to 20 inches) (B part of the B/E and the Bt horizon).
Aquic conditions: the zone from 20 to 51 cm (8 to 20 inches) with iron depletions (B/E and Bt horizon)

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.