LOCATION CLEMENS WI

Established Series
FJS/JJJ
06/2011

CLEMENS SERIES

The Clemens series consists of very deep somewhat poorly drained soils formed in loamy-skeletal alluvium over sandy-skeletal alluvium on flood plains and stream terraces. Permeability is moderate in the loamy-skeletal alluvium and rapid or very rapid in the sandy-skeletal alluvium. Slopes range from 0 to 2 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 30 inches. Mean annual air temperature is about 42 degrees F.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy-skeletal, mixed, superactive, frigid Aquic Dystric Eutrudepts

TYPICAL PEDON: Clemens extremely gravelly loam - on a nearly level, southwest facing slope of one percent in a woodland at an elevation of about 895 feet. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)

Oa--0 to 2 inches; black (10YR 2/1) highly decomposed plant materials, dark gray (10YR 4/1) dry; strong medium granular structure; friable; many very fine to coarse roots; (muck is from a mat of decomposed forest leaf litter); moderately acid; abrupt wavy boundary. (0 to 3 inches thick)

A--2 to 7 inches; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) extremely gravelly loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) dry; strong fine subangular blocky structure; friable; many very fine to coarse roots; 60 percent gravel and 10 percent cobbles; strongly acid; abrupt wavy boundary. (3 to 9 inches thick)

Bw1--7 to 10 inches; dark brown (7.5YR 3/3) very gravelly loam ; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; many very fine and fine roots and common medium and coarse roots; 25 percent gravel and 10 percent cobbles; few fine distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.

Bw2--10 to 13 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/3) very gravelly coarse sandy loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common very fine and fine roots and few medium and coarse roots; 30 percent gravel and 10 percent cobbles; common medium distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation; moderately acid; clear wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bw horizons range from 0 to 10 inches)

Bt1--13 to 32 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) very gravelly coarse sandy loam; strong medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few very fine and fine roots; common faint dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) clay films on faces of peds; 30 percent gravel and 15 percent cobbles; many coarse prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation and few medium distinct brown (7.5YR 5/2) iron depletions; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary.

Bt2--32 to 46 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) extremely gravelly coarse sandy loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few very fine and fine roots; few faint dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) clay films on faces of peds; 50 percent gravel and 20 percent cobbles; many coarse distinct brown (7.5YR 5/2) iron depletions and many coarse distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) and few medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bt horizons range from 12 to 40 inches)

2C1--46 to 60 inches; dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) extremely gravelly loamy coarse sand; massive; very friable; few very fine roots; 65 percent gravel and 15 percent cobbles; many coarse distinct brown (7.5YR 4/2) iron depletions and many coarse distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation; slightly acid; gradual wavy boundary.

2C2--60 to 80 inches; dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) extremely gravelly loamy coarse sand; massive; very friable; few very fine roots; 60 percent gravel and 10 percent cobbles; few fine distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation; neutral; gradual wavy boundary.

TYPE LOCATION: Burnett County, Wisconsin; about 10 miles east and 10 miles north of Danbury; 1500 feet north and 275 feet west of the southeast corner of sec. 32, T. 42 N., R. 15 W. USGS Danbury East, Wis.-Minn. Topographic quadrangle, Lat. 46 degrees 4 minutes 28 seconds N., and Long. 92 degrees 15 minutes 35 seconds W., NAD27.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Thickness of the loamy skeletal-alluvium and depth to the sandy-skeletal alluvium ranges from 40 to 60 inches. The weighted average clay content in the particle size control section ranges from 12 to 18 percent. Volume of rock fragments in the particle size control section range from 35 to 85 percent as a weighted average. Volume of gravel range from 25 to 60 percent throughout. The volume of cobbles range from 10 to 35 percent and volume of stones range from 0 to 5 percent throughout. Reaction typically ranges from strongly acid to neutral in the loamy-skeletal alluvium and slightly acid to neutral in the sandy-skeletal alluvium.

The Oa horizon has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 2 or 2.5, and chroma of 1.

The A horizon has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 2.5 or 3, and chroma of 1 or 2. Texture is extremely gravelly loam.

The Bw horizon has hue of 5YR to 10YR, value of 3 or 4, and chroma of 3. Bw horizons with spodic color do not have an overlying albic horizon or have pH more than 5.9 or have less than 0.6 percent organic carbon. Texture is the gravelly, very gravelly, extremely gravelly, very cobbly or extremely cobbly analogs of coarse sandy loam, sandy loam, or loam.

The Bt horizon has hue of 5YR or 7.5YR, value of 4 to 6, chroma of 3 to 6. Texture is the gravelly, very gravelly, extremely gravelly, very cobbly or extremely cobbly analogs of coarse sandy loam, sandy loam, or loam.

The 2C horizon has hue of 5YR or 7.5YR; value of 3 or 4, and chroma of 4. Texture is the gravelly, very gravelly, extremely gravelly, very cobbly or extremely cobbly analogs of loamy coarse sand or loamy sand.

COMPETING SERIES: There are no competing series.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent Material: loamy-skeletal alluvium over sandy-skeletal alluvium
Landform: flood plains and stream terraces
Slope: 0 to 2 percent
Elevation: 800 to 950 feet
Mean annual air temperature: 39 to 45 degrees F.
Mean annual precipitation: 28 to 33 inches
Frost-free period: 100 to 130 days

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Bigisland (T), Dairyland (T), and Makwa (T) soils. The well drained Bigisland soils are on higher, steeply sloping landscape positions. The moderately well drained Dairyland (T) soils have less clay in the control section and are in slightly higher landscape positions than the Clemens soils. The very poorly drained Makwa soils are on lower landscape positions than the Clemens soils.

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Somewhat poorly drained. Runoff is low. Permeability is moderate in the loamy-skeletal alluvium and rapid or very rapid in the sandy-skeletal alluvium. These soils have an apparent seasonal high water table at a depth of 1 to 2.5 feet from April to June in most years. These soils are frequently flooded for brief periods in April most years, but a non-flooded phase is recognized.

USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas of this soil are in woodland. Native vegetation is mixed deciduous and coniferous forest. Common trees are northern pin oak, white ash, quaking aspen, white spruce, and red maple.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Northwestern Wisconsin and East Central Minnesota. LRRK, MLRA 91B. This soil is of small extent.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota.

SERIES PROPOSED: Burnett County, Wisconsin, 2003. Source of name is Clemens Creek in Burnett County, Wisconsin.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon: 2 to 7 inches (A).
Cambic horizon: 7 to 46 inches (Bw1,Bw2, Bt1 and Bt2).
The Bt horizons have less than 3 percent clay increase from the overlying horizons.
Aquic Dystric subgroup: Iron depletions within 30 inches of the surface and no free carbonates above 40 inches.
Particle size control section: 10 to 40 inches.

ADDITIONAL DATA: For laboratory data on the typical pedon refer to NSSL pedon number S98WI-013-018.

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.