LOCATION CLINTON IA+IL MO
Established Series
Rev. JAL-SRS-LDC
07/2014
CLINTON SERIES
The Clinton series consists of very deep, moderately well drained soils formed in loess. These soils are on convex summits of interfluves, upper side slopes on uplands, and treads and risers on stream terraces. Slope ranges from 0 to 25 percent. Mean annual air temperature is about 10 degrees C. Mean annual precipitation is about 850 millimeters.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, smectitic, mesic Typic Hapludalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Clinton silt loam, on a convex slope of 3 percent, in a wooded area, at an elevation of about 238 meters above sea level. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
A--0 to 5 centimeters; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) silt loam, gray (10YR 5/1) dry; moderate very fine granular structure; friable; many fine and medium roots; common fine tubular pores; neutral, (6.8); abrupt smooth boundary. (0 to 13 centimeters thick)
E1--5 to 13 centimeters; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silt loam, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) dry; moderate thin platy structure; friable; many fine to coarse roots; few fine tubular pores; very few distinct dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) organic coats on surfaces along root channels and pores and very few distinct very dark gray (10YR 3/1) organic coats on faces of peds; slightly acid, (6.4); clear smooth boundary.
E2--13 to 25 centimeters; brown (10YR 4/3) silt loam, light gray (10YR 7/1) dry; moderate thin platy structure; friable; many fine to coarse roots; many fine tubular pores; very few distinct very dark gray (10YR 3/1) organic coats on faces of peds; few fine irregular masses of iron-manganese; slightly acid, (6.3); clear smooth boundary.
E3--25 to 38 centimeters; brown (10YR 4/3) silt loam, light gray (10YR 7/1) dry; weak fine subangular blocky structure; friable; many fine to coarse roots; common fine tubular pores; common distinct grayish brown (10YR 5/2) silt coats on faces of peds; few fine irregular masses of iron-manganese; moderately acid, (5.8); clear smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of the E horizon is 0 to 36 centimeters.)
Bt1--38 to 51 centimeters; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) silty clay loam; strong fine subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine roots; few fine tubular pores; common distinct brown (10YR 4/3) clay films on faces of peds; few distinct grayish brown (10YR 5/2) silt coats on surfaces along root channels and pores; few fine irregular masses of iron-manganese; very strongly acid, (5.0); gradual smooth boundary.
Bt2--51 to 69 centimeters; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) silty clay loam; strong fine subangular blocky structure; firm; few fine roots; few fine tubular pores; some clay fillings along surfaces of pores; common distinct brown (10YR 4/3) clay films on faces of peds; few distinct grayish brown (10YR 5/2) silt coats on surfaces along root channels and pores; few fine irregular masses of iron-manganese; very strongly acid, (4.9); gradual smooth boundary.
Bt3--69 to 99 centimeters; brown (10YR 5/3) silty clay loam; weak medium prismatic structure parting to strong medium subangular blocky; firm; few fine roots; few fine tubular pores; common distinct brown (10YR 4/3) clay films on faces of peds; few distinct grayish brown (10YR 5/2) silt coats on horizontal faces of peds; few fine irregular masses of iron-manganese; very strongly acid, (4.9); diffuse smooth boundary.
Bt4--99 to 119 centimeters; brown (10YR 5/3) silty clay loam; weak medium prismatic structure parting to strong medium angular blocky; friable; few fine roots; few fine tubular pores; common distinct brown (10YR 4/3) clay films on faces of peds; very few distinct grayish brown (10YR 5/2) silt coats on vertical faces of peds; few fine irregular masses of iron-manganese; few fine prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) redoximorphic concentrations; few fine faint grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) redoximorphic depletions; very strongly acid, (5.0); diffuse smooth boundary.
Bt5--119 to 147 centimeters; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silty clay loam; weak medium prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; friable; few fine roots; many fine tubular pores; few distinct brown (10YR 4/3) clay films on faces of peds; few fine irregular masses of iron-manganese; few fine distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) redoximorphic concentrations; few fine prominent olive gray (5Y 5/2) redoximorphic depletions; moderately acid, (5.6); diffuse smooth boundary.
Bt6--147 to 183 centimeters; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silty clay loam; weak medium prismatic structure; friable; few fine roots; many fine tubular pores; few distinct brown (10YR 4/3) clay films on faces of peds; few fine irregular masses of iron-manganese; few fine distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) redoximorphic concentrations; few fine prominent olive gray (5Y 5/2) redoximorphic depletions; moderately acid, (5.8); diffuse smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bt horizon is 71 to 152 centimeters.)
C--183 to 203 centimeters; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silty clay loam; massive; friable; few fine roots; many fine and medium tubular pores; few fine irregular masses of iron-manganese; few fine prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) redoximorphic concentrations; few fine prominent olive gray (5Y 5/2) redoximorphic depletions; moderately acid, (5.8).
TYPE LOCATION: Major Land Resource Area (MLRA) 108C-Illinois and Iowa Deep Loess and Drift, West Central Part, Keokuk County, Iowa subset; about 3 miles north and 1 mile east of Hedrick; located about 1,200 feet north and 70 feet west of the southeast corner of section 7, T. 74 N., R. 12 W.; USGS Hedrick topographic quadrangle; lat. 41 degrees 13 minutes 24 seconds N. and long. 92 degrees 16 minutes 35.6 seconds W., NAD83.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Depth to carbonates--greater than 203 centimeters
Content of clay in the particle-size control section (weighted average)--35 to 42 percent
Content of sand in the particle-size control section (weighted average)--less than 5 percent
Rock fragment content--0 percent
A horizon:
Hue--10YR
Value--3
Chroma--1 or 2
Texture--silt loam
Clay content--18 to 27 percent
Sand content--less than 5 percent
Reaction--moderately acid to neutral, (5.1 to 7.3)
Ap horizon (if cultivated or eroded):
Hue--10YR
Value--4
Chroma--2 or 3
Texture--silt loam or silty clay loam
Clay content--20 to 30 percent
Sand content--less than 5 percent
Reaction--moderately acid to neutral
E horizon (when present):
Hue--10YR
Value--4 or 5
Chroma--2 to 4
Texture--silt loam
Clay content--15 to 25 percent
Sand content--less than 5 percent
Reaction--moderately acid to neutral, (5.1 to 7.3)
Some pedons have a BE horizon
Bt horizon:
Hue--10YR
Value--4 or 5
Chroma--3 or 4
Texture--silty clay loam or silty clay
Clay content--36 to 42 percent
Sand content--less than 5 percent
Reaction--very strongly acid to slightly acid, (4.5 to 6.5)
BC horizon (when present):
Hue--10YR
Value--5
Chroma--3 or 4
Texture--silty clay loam
Clay content--27 to 38 percent
Sand content--less than 5 percent
Reaction--strongly acid to slightly acid, (5.1 to 6.5)
Thickness--15 to 41 centimeters (6 to 16 inches)
C horizon:
Hue--10YR
Value--5
Chroma--3 or 4
Texture--silty clay loam or silt loam
Clay content--22 to 32 percent
Sand content--less than 5 percent
Reaction--strongly acid to neutral, (5.6 to 7.3)
COMPETING SERIES: These are the
Ainsworth,
Bonnefemme,
Brevator,
Haymarket,
Lunt,
Mirerock, and
Welda series.
Ainsworth--have a sand content of more than 70 percent in the lower third of the series control section
Bonnefemme--have a lithic contact with limestone within depths of 51 to 102 centimeters
Brevator--have hues of 5YR or 2.5YR in the upper part of the argillic horizon and have a sand content of more than 5 percent in the lower third of the series control section
Haymarket--have multicolored saprolite in shades of yellow, brown, white and black and have a sand content of more than 5 percent in the lower third of the series control section
Lunt--have a quartz rock fragment content of 1 to 10 percent and have a sand content of more than 50 percent in the lower third of the series control section
Mirerock--have a paralithic contact within depths of 51 to 102 centimeters
Welda--have hues of 5YR or 7.5YR in the middle third of the series control section
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material--loess
Landform--convex summits of interfluves, upper side slopes on uplands, and treads and risers on stream terraces
Slope--0 to 25 percent
Elevation--160 to 400 meters above sea level
Mean annual air temperature--9 to 11 degrees C
Mean annual precipitation--750 to 1000 millimeters
Frost-free period--160 to 205 days
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the
Ely,
Keomah,
Keswick, and
Lindley soils.
Ely--are at lower landscape positions on base slopes and have mollic epipedons 61 to 91 centimeters thick
Keomah--are at higher landscape positions on summits and interfluves and are frequently saturated within a depth of 0.3 meter during the wettest periods of normal years
Keswick--are at lower landscape positions on side slopes, have a clay content of 38 to 52 percent and have a sand content of 20 to 45 percent in the particle-size control section
Lindley--are at lower landscape positions on side slopes, have a clay content of 18 to 35 percent in the particle-size control section and have a rock fragment content of 1 to 5 percent in the lower third of the series control section
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Drainage class--moderately well drained--a frequently saturated zone occurs within a depth of 1.2 meters during March to June in normal years and is considered apparent
Saturated hydraulic conductivity--0.1 to 10.0 micrometers per second (moderately low to moderately high)
Surface runoff potential--negligible to high
USE AND VEGETATION:
Most areas are cultivated or pastured. The principal crops are corn, soybeans, oats, and meadows. The native vegetation is deciduous forest of oak and hickory.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
Physiographic Division--Interior Plains
Physiographic Province--Central Lowland
Physiographic sections--Dissected till plains, Till plains
MLRAs--Illinois and Iowa Deep Loess and Drift (108), Iowa and Missouri Heavy Till Plain (109), Southern Illinois and Indiana Thin Loess and Till Plain (114), Central Mississippi Valley Wooded Slopes (115)
LRR M; southern Iowa and northwest Missouri, and west-central Illinois
Extent--large
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Indianapolis, Indiana
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Ringgold County, Iowa, 1916
REMARKS:
Particle-size control section--the zone from a depth of 38 to 88 centimeters (Bt1, Bt2, and Bt3 horizons);
series control section--the zone from the surface to a depth of 183 centimeters (A, E1, E2, E3, Bt1, Bt2, Bt3, Bt4, Bt5, and Bt6 horizons).
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon:
ochric epipedon--the zone from the surface to a depth of 38 centimeters A, E1, E2, and E3 horizons);
albic horizon--the zone from a depth of 5 to 38 centimeters (E1, E2, and E3 horizons);
argillic horizon-- the zone from a depth of 38 to 183 centimeters (Bt1, Bt2, Bt3, Bt4, Bt5, and Bt6 horizons);
udic moisture regime.
Classification changed to Typic subgroup because the linear extensibility (LE) of 4.37 does not meet the requirements for Chromic Vertic subgroup.
In parts of MLRA 108 this soil meets the well drained drainage class criteria as defined in Soil Survey Manual. Drainage class is a state interpretation.
Taxonomy version--Keys to Soil Taxonomy, eleventh edition, 2010.
ADDITIONAL DATA:
Laboratory data--National Soil Survey Laboratory, Lincoln, Nebraska--User Pedon ID 95IA107001 (http://ssldata.sc.egov.usda.gov/).
Laboratory data--Iowa State University, Ames, IA--numerous pedons.
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.