LOCATION CRIDER KY+IL IN MO OH TN
Established Series
Rev. JMR:WHC:JLN
01/2011
CRIDER SERIES
The Crider series consists of very deep, well drained, moderately permeable soils on uplands. They formed in a loess mantle and the underlying residuum from limestone. Slopes range from 0 to 30 percent. Near the type location, the mean annual precipitation is 48 inches and the mean annual temperature is 57 degrees F.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-silty, mixed, active, mesic Typic Paleudalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Crider silt loam--on a smooth 3 percent slope under cultivation. (Colors are for moist soil.)
Ap--0 to 8 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) silt loam; weak fine granular structure; very friable; many medium and fine roots; moderately acid; clear smooth boundary. (5 to 11 inches thick)
Bt1--8 to 12 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) silt loam; weak fine subangular blocky structure; friable; many fine roots; few faint clay films on faces of peds; moderately acid; gradual smooth boundary. (0 to 10 inches thick)
Bt2--12 to 24 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) silt loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine roots; common distinct brown (7.5YR 4/3) clay films on faces of peds; common black (7.5YR 2.5/1) mangangese concretions; moderately acid; gradual smooth boundary. (10 to 30 inches thick)
Bt3--24 to 38 inches; reddish brown (5YR 4/4) silt loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine and very fine roots; common distinct reddish brown (5YR 4/3) clay films on faces of peds; few fine prominent pale brown (10YR 6/3) silt coatings and black (10YR 2/1) manganese stains on some peds; few black (10YR 2/1) manganese concretions; strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary. (0 to 20 inches thick)
2Bt4--38 to 50 inches; dark red (2.5YR 3/6) silt clay loam; moderate medium angular blocky structure; firm; few very fine roots; common prominent red (2.5YR 4/6) clay films on faces of peds; few fine prominent pale brown (10YR 6/3) silt coatings and black (10YR 2/1) manganese stains on some peds; common black (10YR 2/1) manganese concretions; strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary. (10 to 30 inches thick)
2Bt5--50 to 100 inches; dark red (10R 3/6) clay, few fine prominent yellowish red (5YR 5/6) and brown (7.5YR 5/4) mottles; strong fine angular blocky structure; very firm, slightly sticky, slightly plastic; common prominent dusky red (10R 3/4) clay films on faces of peds; common black (10YR 2/1) manganese concretions; strongly acid.
R--100 inches; limestone bedrock.
TYPE LOCATION: Caldwell County, Kentucky; in Pleasant Valley, 1 mile northwest of Crider on State Highway 91. (Latitude: 37 degrees, 9 minutes, 55.9 seconds N.; Longitude: 87 degrees, 59 minutes, 29.6 seconds W.)
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Thickness of the solum ranges from 60 to more than 100 inches. Depth to bedrock ranges from 60 to more than 160 inches; commonly more than 100 inches. Fragments of chert ranges from 0 to about 15 percent; in some pedons it ranges 0 to 35 percent below the lithologic discontinuity. Reaction is from neutral to strongly acid to a depth of 40 inches, and from moderately acid to very strongly acid below 40 inches.
The Ap horizon has hue of 10YR or 7.5YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 2 to 4. Texture is silt loam or silty clay loam.
The Bt horizon, in the upper part, has hue of 10YR, 7.5YR, or 5YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 4 to 6. In the lower part has hue of 7.5YR, 5YR, or 2.5YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 4 to 8. Texture is silt loam or silty clay loam.
The 2Bt horizon has hue of 5YR to 10R, value of 3 to 5, and chroma of 4 to 8. Some pedons have few to common mottles in shades of red, brown, or yellow, and occasionally shades of gray in the lower part. Texture is silty clay, clay, or silty clay loam.
Some pedons may have 2C or 2BC horizons with colors and textures similar to the 2Bt horizon.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the
Bluegrass,
Peridge and
Ryker series in the same family. Bluegrass soils are formed in loess and residuum weathered from underlying phosphatic limestone bedrock. Peridge soils lack a lithologic discontinuity in the lower subsoil. Ryker soils are formed in loess, glacial till, and residuum weathered from underlying limestone bedrock.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Crider soils are on nearly level to moderately steep uplands. Slopes commonly range from 0 to 12 percent, but the range allows to 30 percent. Many areas are undulating to rolling karst topography. The upper 20 to 45 inches of the solum formed in loess and the lower part formed in limestone residuum or old alluvium. Near the type location, the mean annual temperatures is 57 degrees F., and the mean annual precipitation 48 inches.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the
Baxter,
Beasley,
Hagerstown,
Lowell,
Nicholson,
Nolin, and
Pembroke series. Baxter, Beasley, Hagerstown, and Lowell soils have more than 35 percent clay in the upper Bt horizons. Nicholson soils are moderately well drained and have a fragipan. Nolin soils are in depressions or on floodplains and lack argillic horizons. Pembroke soils have a mollic epipedon.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained. Runoff ranges from low to high. Permeability is moderate.
USE AND VEGETATION: Nearly all of the soil is used for growing crops and pasture. The chief crops are corn, small grains, soybeans, tobacco,and hay; truck crops are grown in a few places. The original vegetation was mixed hardwood forest, chiefly of oaks, maple, hickory, elm, ash, and hackberry.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: The Pennyroyal and the western Outer Bluegrass of Kentucky; the northern part of the Highland Rim of Tennessee, Illinois and possibly northeast Arkansas. The soil is of large extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Morgantown, West Virginia
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Caldwell County (Western Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Substation Princeton), Kentucky; 1957.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon - 0 to 8 inches (Ap).
Argillic horizon - 8 to 100 inches (Bt1, Bt2, Bt3, 2Bt4,2Bt5).
Diagnostic features recognized in this pedon are:
A palic clay curve.
Base saturation greater than 60 percent at 1.25 meters below the upper boundary of the argillic horizon.
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.