LOCATION DAISY CA

Tentative Series
CAH/PBF/ET
04/2015

DAISY SERIES

The Daisy series consists of very deep, well drained soils formed in dominantly granitic alluvium. Daisy soils are on alluvial fans and fan aprons over fan remnants. Slopes range from 2 to 8 percent. The mean annual precipitation is about 100 millimeters and the mean annual air temperature is about 19 degrees C.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy, mixed, superactive, thermic Arenic Calciargids

TYPICAL PEDON: Daisy loamy sand, on a linear, 3 percent slope under desert shrubs at an elevation of 835 meters. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.) The surface is covered by approximately 35 percent 2-5mm gravel and 1 percent cobbles.

A -- 0 to 4 centimeters; light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) loamy sand, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) moist; moderate thick platy structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; common very fine roots; common very fine tubular pores; noneffervescent; 10 percent gravel; moderately alkaline (pH 8.0); clear smooth boundary. (3 to 7 centimeters thick)

C -- 4 to 41 centimeters; light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) stratified very gravelly and gravelly coarse sand, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) moist; massive parting to weak moderate subangular blocky structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; common very fine, fine and medium roots; common very fine tubular pores; noneffervescent to strongly effervescent; less than 1 percent calcium carbonate equivalent; 25 to 40 percent gravel; moderately alkaline (pH 8.0); clear smooth boundary (19 to 63 centimeters thick).

2Bk -- 41 to 75 centimeters; light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) stratified very gravelly coarse sand to sand, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) moist; massive; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; common very fine roots; common very fine pores; 15 percent faint, very pale brown (10YR 8/2) carbonate coats on bottom of rock fragments; slightly effervescent; less than 1 percent calcium carbonate equivalent; 20 percent gravel; moderately alkaline (pH 8.2); abrupt smooth boundary. (29 to 37 centimeters thick)

2Btkqb1 -- 75 to 134 centimeters; light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) sandy loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) moist; moderate medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; hard, firm, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine and fine roots; common very fine and fine tubular pores; 7 percent medium to very coarse, distinct, white (10YR 8/1) irregular, very weakly cemented durinodes throughout the matrix; 90 percent medium thick silica pendants on the bottom of rock fragments; 25 percent faint, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) oriented clay bridging sand grains and clay films on faces of peds; 40 percent medium to very coarse, prominent, white (10YR 8/1) irregular noncemented calcium carbonate masses throughout the matrix; violently effervescent; 8 percent calcium carbonate equivalent; 8 percent gravel; moderately alkaline (pH 8.2); clear smooth boundary.

2Btkqb2 -- 134 to 145 centimeters; light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) gravelly sandy loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; common fine roots; common very fine and fine tubular pores; 1 percent fine, distinct, white (10YR 8/1) cylindrical very weakly cemented durinodes in the matrix; 7 percent faint, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) oriented clay bridging of sand grains; 3 percent fine and medium, distinct, white (10YR 8/1) cylindrical non-cemented calcium carbonate masses in the matrix and 1 percent fine calcium carbonate threads in the matrix; 40 percent distinct, very pale brown (10YR 8/2) calcium carbonate coats on bottom of rock fragments; 5 percent calcium carbonate equivalent; strongly effervescent; 25 percent gravel; moderately alkaline (pH 8.4); clear wavy boundary.

2Btkqb3 -- 145 to 150 centimeters; light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) gravelly sandy loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; very hard, very firm, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; 50 percent coarse to very coarse, distinct, pink (7.5YR 7/3) platy and irregular shaped strongly cemented durinodes in the matrix; 10 percent faint, light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) clay films on faces of peds; 7 percent fine, distinct, white (10YR 8/1) irregular noncemented calcium carbonate masses in matrix; 5 percent calcium carbonate equivalent; noneffervescent; 30 percent gravel; strongly alkaline (pH 8.6). (Combined thickness of 2Btkqb horizons is greater than 50 centimeters)

TYPE LOCATION: San Bernardino County, California; approximately 3.2 kilometers north of Means Lake; 100 meters west and 500 meters north of the SE corner of section 12, T. 4 N., R. 4 E.; 34 degrees, 26 minutes and 43 seconds north latitude and 116 degrees, 30 minutes and 29 seconds west longitude; USGS Melville Lake 7.5 minute quadrangle; UTM 11S 545192e 3811633n (DTM: NAD-83).

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Soil moisture control section: Usually dry, moist in some parts for short periods during winter and early spring and for 10 to 20 days cumulative between July and October following convection storms. The soils have a Typic-Aridic moisture regime.

Soil temperature: 19 to 22 degrees C.

Depth to argillic horizon: 50 to 100 centimeters

Depth to calcic horizon: 50 to 125 centimeters

Organic matter: 0 to 0.5 percent

Surface rock fragments: ranges from 10 to 45 percent; with 10 to 40 percent gravel and 0 to 5 percent cobbles.

Control section -
Rock fragments: 0 to 25 percent, dominantly 2-5mm gravel

Clay content: 8 to 18 percent

Calcium carbonate equivalence: 1 to 10 percent

Durinodes: 1 to 10 percent

A horizon
Value: 4 to 6 moist
Chroma: 3 or 4, dry or moist
Texture: sand or loamy sand
Clay content: 1 to 6 percent
Rock fragments: 5 to 30 percent, dominantly gravel
Effervescence: noneffervescent to strongly effervescent
Calcium carbonate equivalence: 0 to 1 percent
Reaction: slightly or moderately alkaline
Note: Some pedons may have up to 15 percent calcium carbonate equivalence due to carbonate dust deposition from atmosphere.

C horizon
Value: 5 or 6 dry and 4 or 5 moist
Chroma: 3 to 6, dry or moist
Texture: sand or loamy sand, some pedons have strata of coarse sand
Clay content: 2 to 6 percent
Rock fragments: averages 5 to 35 percent, with strata ranging from 40 to 70 percent, dominantly 2-5mm gravel
Effervescence: very slightly to strongly effervescent
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 0 to 1 percent
Reaction: slightly alkaline to strongly alkaline

2Bk horizon
Value: 5 or 6 dry and 4 or 5 moist
Texture: loamy coarse sand or coarse sand
Clay content: 2 to 6 percent
Rock fragments: averages 5 to 35 percent, with strata ranging from 40 to 70 percent, dominantly 2-5mm gravel
Effervescence: very slightly to violently effervescent
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 0 to 5 percent

2Btkqb horizon
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR, dry or moist
Value: 4 to 6, dry or moist
Chroma: 4 or 6, dry or moist
Clay content: 8 to 18 percent
Rock fragments: 0 to 25 percent, dominantly 2-5mm gravel
Effervescence: very slightly to violently effervescent
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 1 to 10 percent
Durinodes: 1 to 50 percent
Reaction: slightly or moderately alkaline

2Bkqb horizon (when present)
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 6 or 7 dry, 4 to 6 moist
Chroma: 3 to 6 dry, 4 or 6 moist
Texture: loamy sand, sandy loam or loam
Clay content: 5 to 12 percent
Rock fragments: 5 to 30 percent, dominantly gravel
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 5 to 25 percent
Durinodes: 0 to 10 percent

COMPETING SERIES: There are currently no competing series.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Daisy soils are on alluvial fans and fan aprons over fan remnants. Slopes range from 2 to 8 percent. These soils formed in dominantly granitic alluvium. Elevations range from 800 to 1000 meters. The climate is arid with hot, dry summers and warm, moist winters. The mean annual precipitation is 75 to 125 millimeters; mean annual air temperature is 17 to 20 degrees C, and the frost-free season is 300 to 340 days.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Noagua (T), Cajon, Gravesumit and Arizo soils. Noagua and Gravsumit soils are on similar landscape positions and have less than 50 cm of sand overlying the argillic horizon. Noagua soils also have a duripan. Cajon soils are found on alluvial fans, are sandy throughout the particle size control section and do not have an argillic horizon or a calcic horizon. Arizo soils are found in drainageways and on upper alluvial fans and are sandy with more than 35 percent rock fragments throughout the particle size control section.

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained; negligible to very low runoff; rapid permeability above the argillic horizon and moderately rapid permeability in the argillic horizon.

USE AND VEGETATION: Daisy soils are used for recreation and wildlife habitat. The present vegetation is mainly creosotebush and white bursage.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Mojave Desert of southeastern California. MLRA 30. These soils are of small extent.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: PHOENIX, ARIZONA

SERIES PROPOSED: San Bernardino County, California, Johnson Valley Off-Highway Vehicle Open Area Soil Survey, 2002. The name is from a mine located in the Mojave Desert.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in the profile are:

1. Ochric epipedon: 0 to 4 centimeters (A horizon).
2. Argillic horizon: 75 to 134 centimeters (2Btkqb horizon).
3. Calcic horizon: 75 to 150 centimeters (2Btkqb1 and 2Btkqb2 horizons).
4. Particle size control section: 75 to 125 centimeters (part of 2Btkqb1 horizon).
5. Series was reactivated and the type location was relocated to better represent the series concept.

Responsibility for this series was transferred from Davis to Phoenix 4/2015. The last revision to the series was 11/2002. ET

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.