LOCATION DAKENT                  NV

Established Series
Rev: DJM/EWB/WED/JBF
01/2023

DAKENT SERIES

The Dakent series consists of very deep, well drained soils that formed in alluvium derived from mixed rocks dominantly from limestone. They are on fan remnants. Slopes are 2 to 15 percent. The mean annual precipitation is about 250 mm and the mean annual temperature is about 12 degrees C.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy-skeletal, mixed, superactive, mesic Durinodic Xeric Haplocalcids

TYPICAL PEDON: Dakent gravelly very fine sandy loam--rangeland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.)

A--0 to 8 cm; light gray (10YR 7/2) gravelly very fine sandy loam, brown (10YR 5/3) moist; moderate thick platy structure parting to moderate thin and medium platy; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky and nonplastic; common very fine roots; many very fine and fine vesicular pores; 25 percent gravel; slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.2); clear smooth boundary. (5 to 15 cm thick)

Bw--8 to 28 cm; pale brown (10YR 6/3) gravelly sandy loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; soft, very friable, slightly sticky and nonplastic; common very fine and fine roots; many very fine and fine interstitial and common fine tubular pores; 30 percent gravel; slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.2); clear smooth boundary. (15 to 25 cm thick)

Bk--28 to 61 cm; pale brown (10YR 6/3) extremely gravelly sandy loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; massive; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; common very fine roots; common very fine and fine interstitial and common fine tubular pores; 65 percent gravel; violently effervescent with disseminated secondary calcium carbonate and secondary calcium carbonate pendants coating the bottom of rock fragments; strongly alkaline (pH 8.6); clear smooth boundary. (20 to 36 cm thick)

Bqk--61 to 86 cm; light gray (10YR 7/2) extremely gravelly sandy loam, pale brown (10YR 6/3) moist; massive; extremely hard, very firm, nonsticky and nonplastic; common very fine roots; common fine and medium tubular pores; 70 percent gravel, 5 percent cobbles; 50 percent secondary calcium carbonate- and silica-cemented lenses and nodules; violently effervescent; strongly alkaline (pH 9.0); gradual smooth boundary. (20 to 30 cm thick)

2Bk1--86 to 109 cm; pale brown (10YR 6/3) extremely gravelly coarse sand, brown (10YR 4/3) single grain; loose; nonsticky and nonplastic; many very fine and fine roots; many fine and medium interstitial pores; 60 percent gravel, 5 percent cobbles; violently effervescent with many medium secondary calcium carbonate threads and secondary calcium carbonate masses; strongly alkaline (pH 8.6); clear smooth boundary. (20 to 36 cm thick)

2Bk2--109 to 152 cm; pale brown (10YR 6/3) extremely gravelly loamy sand, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; massive; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; many very fine and fine roots; common very fine tubular pores; 65 percent gravel; violently effervescent; secondary calcium carbonate pendants on the bottom of rock fragments; strongly alkaline (pH 8.6). (38 to 50 cm thick)

TYPE LOCATION: Mineral County, Nevada, about 1,000 feet south and 750 feet east of the northeast corner of section 24, T. 19 N., R. 32 E.; latitude 38 degrees 42 minutes 4 seconds N and longitude 118 degrees 25 minutes 43 seconds W; WGS84 Decimal Degrees 38.7012222 latitude, -118.4286111 longitude.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture: Usually dry, dry in summer and fall, moist in late winter and spring, and for l0 to 20 days between July and October due to convection storms; aridic soil moisture regime bordering on xeric.
Mean annual soil temperature: 12 to 15 degrees C.
Depth to calcic horizon: 25 to 64 cm.
Thickness of calcic horizon: 30 to 66 cm.
Reaction: Moderately alkaline or strongly alkaline.

Particle size control section - Clay content - 8 to l8 percent.
Rock fragments: 60 to 75 percent, dominantly gravel.

A horizon
Value: 6 or 7 dry, 4 or 5 moist.
Chroma: 2 or 3, dry or moist.
Effervescence: Slightly effervescent through strongly effervescent.

Bw horizon - Value: 6 or 7 dry, 4 or 5 moist.
Chroma: 2 or 3.
Texture: Sandy loam or loam.
Clay content: 10 to 22 percent.
Rock fragments: 15 to 35 percent, dominantly gravel.
Structure: Weak or moderate subangular blocky.
Consistence: Soft or slightly hard dry, very friable or friable moist, nonplastic or slightly plastic.
Reaction: Moderately alkaline or strongly alkaline.
Effervescence: Slightly effervescent through strongly effervescent.

Bk horizon
Value: 6 or 7 dry, 4 or 5 moist.
Chroma: 2 or 3, dry or moist.
Texture: Loam, or sandy loam.
Structure: Massive or subangular blocky.
Consistence: Soft to hard dry, very friable or friable moist.
Reaction: Moderately alkaline or strongly alkaline.
Carbonates: Secondary calcium carbonate and secondary silica coating the bottom of rock fragments; 25 to 35 percent calcium carbonate equivalent.

Bqk horizon
Value: 6 or 7 dry, 4 through 6 moist.
Chroma: 2 or 3.
Consistence: Very firm to extremely firm, moist.
Rock fragments 60 to 75 percent, dominantly gravel.
Cementation: 20 to 65 percent strong discontinuous calcium carbonate and silica cementation.
Carbonates: 35 to 45 percent calcium carbonate equivalent.

2Bk horizon
Texture: Coarse sand, sand, loamy sand, loamy coarse sand.
Rock fragments: 60 to 75 percent.
Carbonates: 10 to 20 percent calcium carbonate equivalent.

COMPETING SERIES: These are the Armespan, Automal, Morebench, Pyrat and Sugarcreek series.

Armespan and Morbench soils have less than 60 percent rock fragments in the particle-size control section. Automal and Pyrat soils lack appreciable summer moisture and Bw horizons. Sugarcreek soils are moderately deep.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Dakent soils are on fan remnants and stable remnant side slopes. These soils formed in alluvium from mixed rocks dominantly from limestone. Slopes are 2 to 15 percent. Elevations are 1,740 to 1,985 meters. The mean annual temperature is 11 to 13 degrees C, mean annual precipitation is 200 to 300 mm, and the frost-free season is 100 to 130 days.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: This is the Crunker soils. Crunker soils lack a calcic horizon.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Well drained; low to medium runoff; moderately high saturated hydraulic conductivity.

USE AND VEGETATION: Rangeland and wildlife habitat. The present vegetation is mainly Wyoming big sagebrush, Bailey greasewood, bud sagebrush, Indian ricegrass, bottlebrush squirreltail, and galleta.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: West-central Nevada. These soils are not extensive.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Davis, California

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Mineral County, Nevada, 1985.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon - The zone from the soil surface to 18 cm (A and part of the Bk horizons) .
Calcic horizon - The zone from about 28 to 86 cm (Bk and Bqk horizons).
Durinodic feature - Discontinuous silica cementation from 61 to 86 cm (Bqk horizon).
Particle-size control section - The zone from 25 to 100 cm (Bk, Bqk and part of the Bw and 2Bk1 horizons).

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.