LOCATION DAWN MOEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Oxyaquic Hapludolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Dawn loam - on a northeast-facing convex slope of 8 percent in a cultivated field at an elevation of 880 feet. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 4 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry; moderate fine granular structure; friable; many fine and very fine roots; neutral; abrupt smooth boundary.
A--4 to 11 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry; weak medium platy structure parting to moderate very fine subangular blocky; friable; few fine and very fine roots; slightly alkaline; clear smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of the A horizon is 10 to 24 inches.)
Bw1--11 to 16 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) loam, weak fine subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine and very fine roots; slightly alkaline; clear smooth boundary.
Bw2--16 to 24 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) sandy loam; few fine prominent dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) mottles in the lower part; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; 5 percent soft sandstone fragments; few fine and very fine roots; slightly alkaline; clear smooth boundary.
Bw3--24 to 37 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) very fine sandy loam; few fine prominent dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) mottles; weak thick platy structure parting to moderate fine subangular blocky; friable; 20 percent soft sandstone fragments; few fine roots; neutral; abrupt smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bw horizon is 10 to 28 inches.)
Cr--37 to 60 inches; soft sandstone; few fine and very fine root mats in horizontal cleavages in the upper part.
TYPE LOCATION: Livingston County, Missouri; about 3 miles south and west of Dawn; 1,000 feet east and 300 feet south of the northwest corner, sec. 31, T. 56 N., R. 24 W; Utica West quadrangle, lat. 39 degrees 37 minutes 34 seconds N. and long. 93 degrees 37 minutes 53 seconds W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Thickness of the solum and depth to soft bedrock ranges from 20 to 40 inches. The mollic epipedon ranges from 10 to 24 inches in thickness. Content of hard sandstone fragments is less than 15 percent throughout. The series control section averages 12 to 18 percent sand. Reaction is moderately acid to slightly alkaline throughout.
The A horizon has color value of 2 or 3, 3 to 5 dry and chroma of 2 or 3. It is loam or silt loam.
The upper part of the Bw horizon has hue of 10YR to 5YR, value of 3 to 5, 4 to 6 dry and chroma of 3 to 8. It is loam, sandy loam, very fine sandy loam, but may be be silt loam in the upper part.
The lower part ot the Bw horizon has hue of 5YR to 2.5Y, value of 4 or 5 and chroma of 4 to 6 with 2 chroma mottles It is loam, sandy loam, fine sandy loam or very fine sandy loam.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Aureola, Becker, Bertram, Bolan, Carmi, Dickinson, Elrick, Etter, Flagler, Lowlein, Olin, Ridgeport, Wadenill and Zenor series. Aureola, Becker, Bolan, Carmi, Dickinson, Elrick, Etter, Flagler, Lowlein, Olin, Ridgeport, Wadenill and Zenor soils do not have a paralithic contact within 40 inches. Bertram soils have a lithic contact.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Dawn soils are on moderately sloping and strongly sloping side slopes and interfluves and steep escarpments along major drainageways on the uplands. Slope gradients are typically 5 to 14 percent, but range from 5 to 35 percent. These soils formed in residuum from interbedded sandstone and sandy shale. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 32 to 38 inches, and mean annual temperature ranges from 52 to 55 degrees F.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Greenton, Grundy, Lagonda, Lamoni and Sampsel soils, all of which contain more clay in the series control section. Greenton and Lamoni soils are on similar positions. Grundy and Lagonda soils are on higher ridgetops. Sampsel soils are lower on the side slope.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Moderately well drained. Runoff is medium or rapid. Permeability is moderate. A perched water table has an upper limit of 1.5 to 3.0 feet during November to April.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas are used for pasture and hayland. Some of the less sloping areas are used for cultivated crops. Native vegetation is warm season prairie grasses.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: North-central Missouri. These soils are of moderate extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Indianapolis, Indiana
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Livingston County, Missouri, 1996.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this series are: mollic epipedon - the zone from the surface of the soil to a depth of 11 inches (Ap and A horizons); cambic horizon - the zone from 11 inches to 37 inches (Bw1, Bw2 and BC horizons).