LOCATION DEBS                    MN

Established Series
Rev. PCB-TWN-AGG
02/2011

DEBS SERIES

The Debs series consists of very deep, well drained soils that formed in lacustrine sediments on glacial lake plains, moraines, and glaciolacustrine landforms.
Permeability is moderate. Slopes range from 1 to 45 percent. Mean annual temperature is about 41 degrees F. Mean annual precipitation is about 24 inches.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-silty, mixed, superactive, frigid Typic Hapludalfs

TYPICAL PEDON: Debs silt loam with a 4 percent slope in a forest. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)

A--0 to 2 inches; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) silt loam, gray (10YR 5/1) dry; weak fine granular structure; very friable; slightly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (1 to 3 inches thick)

E--2 to 12 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) very fine sandy loam, pale brown (10YR 6/3) dry; weak thin platy structure; very friable; slightly acid; clear smooth boundary. (6 to 15 inches thick)

Bt1--12 to 26 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) silty clay loam; strong medium subangular blocky structure; firm; many faint brown (10YR 4/3) clay films on faces of peds and lining pores; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary.

Bt2--26 to 32 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) silt loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; many faint brown (10YR 4/3) clay films on faces of peds and lining pores; slightly acid; clear wavy
boundary. (Combined thickness of Bt horizons ranges from 8 to 20 inches thick)

C--32 to 60 inches; light yellowish brown (2.5Y 6/4) silt loam; massive; very friable; few to common, medium irregularly shaped filaments and soft masses of carbonates; strongly effervescent; slightly alkaline.

TYPE LOCATION: Clearwater County, Minnesota; about 3/4 mile east and 1/4 mile north of Alida; 2300 feet east and 1000 feet north of the southwest corner of sec. 11, T. 145 N., R. 36 W.; USGS Alida quadrangle; lat. 47 degrees 23 minutes 12 seconds N., long. 95 degrees 12 minutes 58 second W., NAD27.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Depth to free carbonates ranges from 20 to 40 inches. The rock fragment content, by volume, is less than 2 percent throughout the pedon.

The A horizon has value of 2 to 4, and chroma of 1 or 2. An Ap horizon is present in some pedons and ranges from 5 to 9 inches thick. It has hue of 10YR, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 2 or 3. The A or Ap horizon is very fine sandy loam, fine sandy loam, loam, or silt loam. Reaction is slightly acid or neutral.

The E horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 5 to 7, and chroma of 2 to 4. It is very fine sand, fine sand, very fine sandy loam, loamy very fine sand, fine sandy loam, loamy fine sand, or silt loam. Reaction is slightly acid or neutral.

The Bt horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 3 to 6. It is silty clay loam, clay loam or silt loam with less than 15 percent fine or coarser sand. Clay content ranges from 18 to 30 percent. Reaction is slightly acid or neutral.

Some pedons have a BC or Bk horizon.

The C horizon has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 4 to 6. It is silt loam, very fine sandy loam, loamy very fine sand, very fine sand, or is stratified with these textures. Reaction is slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline.

COMPETING SERIES: These are the Davidell, Ivanell, Vanstel Virkula and Winteridge(T) series. The Davidell soils have horizons with an electrical conductivity of 4-8 mmhos/cm in the lower third of the series control section. Ivanell soils have sola terminated by a paralithic contact at depths of 20 to 40 inches. Vanstel soils are dry in the soil moisture control section 40 to 50 percent of the time (cumulative) for 120 days following the summer solstice.
Virkula soils do not have free carbonates in the series control section. Winteridge soils have free carbonates at depths of 12 to 20 inches.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Debs soils have plane or convex slopes on glacial lake plains, moraines, and glaciolacustrine landforms. Slope gradients range from 1 to 45 percent. They formed in lacustrine materials of Wisconsinan Age. Mean annual temperature ranges from 37 to 45 degrees F. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 20 to 30 inches. Frost-free days range from 90 to 130. Elevation above sea level ranges from 1000 to 1700 feet.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: Baudette and Spooner soils form a hydrosequence with Debs soils. Baudette soils are moderately well drained and are on lower positions in the landscape. Spooner soils are poorly drained and are in swales.

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained. Permeability is moderate. Surface runoff is medium.

USE AND VEGETATION: Most of this soil is forested. The main trees are quaking aspen, paper birch, American basswood, and sugar maple. Some areas are used for pasture, hay, corn, and small grain production. Native vegetation is mixed forest species.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: North-central Minnesota. Moderately extensive.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Beltrami County, Minnesota, 1991.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are: ochric epipedon - the zone from the surface of soil to a depth of 12 inches (A and E horizons); argillic horizon - the zone from 12 to 32 inches (Bt horizons); udic moisture regime

The Type Location was moved from Beltrami County to Clearwater County to better reflect the series as it occurs in MLRA 57. 2/10/2011-TYPE LOCATION error was corrected.

ADDITIONAL DATA: For some laboratory analysis of a pedon see MAES CFC #3606. Soil Interpretation Record number MN0498.

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.