LOCATION DELEPLAIN               NV

Established Series
Rev. ARW-TSB-JVC-JBF
01/2019

DELEPLAIN SERIES

The Deleplain series consists of very deep, very poorly drained soils that formed in volcanic ash over alluvium derived from mixed igneous rocks. Deleplain soils are on flood plains of axial streams. Slopes are 0 to 2 percent. The mean annual precipitation is about 200 mm and the mean annual temperature is about 8 degrees C.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Ashy over sandy or sandy-skeletal, glassy over mixed, calcareous, mesic Aquandic Endoaquepts

TYPICAL PEDON: Deleplain ashy silt loam--rangeland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.)

A--0 to 8 cm; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) ashy silt loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) moist; moderate thin platy structure; soft, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine and medium roots; few very fine and fine vesicular pores; 5 percent gravel; slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.0); clear smooth boundary. (5 to 13 cm thick)

Bw1--8 to 20 cm; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) ashy silt loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) moist; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; soft, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine, fine and medium roots; common very fine and fine tubular pores; few fine faint pale brown (10YR 6/3) masses of iron accumulation, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; 5 percent gravel; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.0); clear smooth boundary. (0 to 13 cm thick)

Bw2--20 to 53 cm; light gray (10YR 7/2) ashy silt loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; soft, very friable, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; common very fine, fine and medium roots; many very fine and common fine and few medium tubular pores; common fine distinct light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) and common fine prominent brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) masses of iron accumulation, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) moist; 5 percent gravel; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.2); clear wavy boundary. (23 to 36 cm thick)

BCq--53 to 86 cm; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) gravelly ashy silt loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) and very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; massive; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and moderately plastic; common very fine and few fine and medium roots; many very fine and common fine tubular pores; few fine faint pale brown (10YR 6/3) masses of iron accumulation, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; 10 percent weak discontinuous silica cementation; 15 percent gravel; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.2); abrupt wavy boundary. (23 to 33 cm thick)

2Cq--86 to 130 cm; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) gravelly loamy coarse sand, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) moist; massive; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; common very fine and few fine roots; few fine faint pale brown (10YR 6/3) masses of iron accumulation, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; 10 percent weak discontinuous silica cementation; 20 percent gravel; moderately alkaline (pH 8.0); abrupt wavy boundary. (30 to 46 cm thick)

3C--130 to 152 cm; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) extremely gravelly coarse sand, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) moist; single grain; loose, nonsticky and nonplastic; common very fine and few fine roots; few fine prominent brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) masses of iron accumulation, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) moist; 60 percent gravel; slightly alkaline (pH 7.8).

TYPE LOCATION: Elko County, Nevada; about 5 miles south of Jackpot in the Salmon Falls Creek drainage; approximately 1,320 feet east of the northwest corner of section 35, T. 47 N., R. 64 E.; USGS Jackpot 7.5 minute topographic quadrangle; latitude 41 degrees 55 minutes 32 seconds N and longitude 114 degrees 41 minutes 27 seconds W; WGS84 Decimal Degrees 41.9255556 latitude, -114.6908333 longitude.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture: Saturated at some depth between 15 to 76 cm for at least one month or more during late winter through early summer. During late summer and fall the depth to the water table is 100 to 150 cm unless drained; Seasonal periods of aquic moisture regime.
Mean annual soil temperature: 8 to 11 degrees C.
Depth to strongly contrasting materials: 64 to 94 cm.
Other features: The organic carbon content decreases irregularly or remains above 0.2 percent at depth.

Particle-size control section - Clay content: Averages 18 to 27 percent in the upper part and 5 to 10 percent in the strongly contrasting lower part.
Rock fragments: Averages 5 to 25 percent, mainly gravel, in the upper part and 10 to 70 percent, mainly gravel, in the strongly contrasting lower part.

A horizon
Value: 5 or 6 dry, 3 or 4 moist.
Volcanic glass content: 30 to 70 percent in coarse silt through fine sand fractions.

Bw and BCq horizons
Value: 6 or 7 dry.
Texture: Stratified ashy silt loam or gravelly ashy silt loam.
Clay content: Averages 18 to 27 percent.
Rock fragments: Up to 25 percent, mainly gravel.
Structure: Fine or medium subangular blocky.
Effervescence: Strong or violent.
Redoximorphic features: Few or common, faint through prominent redox concentrations of iron in any subhorizon.
Silica cementation: 5 to 15 percent weak discontinuous.
Volcanic glass content: 30 to 70 percent in coarse silt through fine sand fractions.

2Cq horizon
Value: 6 or 7 dry.
Clay content: 5 to 10 percent.
Rock fragments: 15 to 25 percent.
Redoximorphic features: Few or common, faint through prominent redox concentrations of iron.
Cementation: 5 to 15 percent weak discontinuous.

3C horizon
Texture: Stratified very gravelly coarse sand to extremely gravelly coarse sand.
Clay content: 5 to 10 percent.
Rock fragments: 50 to 70 percent.
Redoximorphic features: Few or common, distinct or prominent redox concentrations of iron.

COMPETING SERIES: This is the Lamath series. Lamath soils average 0 to 5 percent fine gravel in the lower part of the particle-size control section.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Deleplain soils are on flood plains of axial streams. These soils formed in volcanic ash over alluvium derived from mixed igneous rocks. Slopes are 0 to 2 percent. Elevations range from 1,495 to 1,620 meters. The climate is semiarid with cool, moist winters and warm, dry summers. The mean annual precipitation is 150 to 250 mm, the mean annual temperature is 7 to 10 degrees C, and the frost-free period is 100 to 120 days.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Crooked Creek, Deepeek, Ocala, and Welch soils. Crooked Creek and Welch soils have mollic epipedons, frigid temperature regimes, and are noneffervescent throughout their profiles. Deepeek soils are well drained and have argillic horizons overlying a duripan. Ocala soils are somewhat poorly drained and have exchangeable sodium that is greater than 15 percent in more than half of the upper 50 cm of the soil profile.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Very poorly drained; very high surface runoff; moderately high saturated hydraulic conductivity. Endosaturation is present with an apparent seasonal high water table between 1.2 and 76 cm (very shallow to moderately deep free water occurrence classes) between March and July. Cumulative annual duration class is Common. These soils are susceptible to frequent flooding for long periods between March and June.

USE AND VEGETATION: Deleplain soils are used for livestock grazing and wildlife habitat. The present vegetation is mainly basin wildrye, creeping wildrye, Nevada bluegrass, and sedges.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Northeastern Nevada. These soils are not extensive with about 900 acres of the series mapped to date. MLRA 25.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Davis, California.

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Elko County, Nevada, Northeast Part, 1986.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon - The zone from the soil surface to 18 cm (A and part of the Bw1 horizons).
Cambic horizon - The zone from 8 to 86 cm (Bw1, Bw2, and BCq horizons).
Aquic conditions - The conditions of endosaturation, reduction, and redoximorphic features as high as 15 to 76 cm from the soil surface at certain times during normal years (parts of the Bw1, Bw2, and BCq horizons).
Vitrandic intergrade feature - The zone from the soil surface to 86 cm (A, Bw1, Bw2, and BCq horizons).
Major lithologic discontinuity - The abrupt change to sandy material at 86 cm (between the BCq and 2Cq horizons).
Particle-size control section and ashy substitute class with glassy mineralogy - The zone from 25 to 100 cm (BCq and part of the Bw2 and 2Cq horizons).

The revision of September 2007 updated the taxonomic class from Fine-loamy over sandy or sandy-skeletal, mixed, superactive, calcareous, mesic Aeric Fluvaquents. Volcanic glass content is estimated based on data for adjacent soils.

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.