LOCATION DEMILL NV
Established Series
Rev. EWB/IR/WED/JBF
06/2016
DEMILL SERIES
The Demill series consists of very deep, well drained soils that formed in lacustrine material derived from mixed rocks. The Demill soils are on lake plain terraces. Slopes are 0 to 2 percent. The mean annual precipitation is about 130 mm and the mean annual temperature is about 12 degrees C.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Sandy, mixed, mesic Duric Torriorthents
TYPICAL PEDON: Demill loamy sand--rangeland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.) The soil surface is partially covered with 40 percent gravel.
A--0 to 10 cm; light gray (10YR 7/2) loamy sand, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) moist; weak thin platy structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; few very fine roots, common very fine interstitial pores; 10 percent gravel; slightly effervescent; strongly alkaline (pH 8.5); clear smooth boundary. (5 to 10 cm thick)
Bw--10 to 25 cm; very pale brown (10YR 7/3) loamy fine sand, brown (10YR 5/3) moist, moderate thin and medium platy structure; slightly hard, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; common very fine and few fine medium and coarse roots; common very fine interstitial pores; slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.2); clear wavy boundary. (5 to 15 cm thick)
Bqk--25 to 53 cm; light gray (10YR 7/2) loamy fine sand, brown (10YR 5/3) moist, common fine and medium dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) relict mottles; moderate medium platy structure; very hard, firm and brittle, nonsticky and nonplastic; few fine roots exped; few fine interstitial pores; 10 percent gravel; common thin lime coats on undersides of plates; slightly effervescent; strongly alkaline (pH 8.8); clear wavy boundary. (15 to 28 cm thick)
2C1-- 53 to 107 cm; light gray (2.5Y 7/2) loamy sand, grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) moist; massive, slightly hard, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; few very fine roots; many very fine interstitial pores; 5 percent gravel; slightly effervescent; strongly alkaline (pH 8.8); abrupt wavy boundary. (0 to 50 cm thick)
3C2--107 to 114 cm; white (N 8/) coarse sandy loam, light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) moist; massive; hard, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; few very fine roots; common very fine interstitial pores; slightly effervescent; strongly alkaline (pH 8.8); abrupt wavy boundary. (3 to 20 cm thick)
4C3--114 to 140 cm; light gray (2.5Y 7/2) loamy coarse sand, grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) moist; massive; slightly hard, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; few very fine roots; 5 percent gravel; slightly effervescent; strongly alkaline (pH 8.6); abrupt wavy boundary. (0 to 38 cm thick)
5C4--140 to 145 cm; white (N 8/) sandy loam, light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) moist; massive; slightly hard, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; few very fine roots; many very fine interstitial pores; slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.4); abrupt wavy boundary. (0 to 15 cm thick)
6C5--145 to 152 cm; light gray (2.5Y 7/2) loamy coarse sand, grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) moist; massive; slightly hard, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; few very fine roots; many very fine vesicular pores; slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.4)
TYPE LOCATION: Mineral County, Nevada; approximately 1,400 feet south and 600 feet east of the northwest corner of section 7, T. 8 N., R. 31 E.; USGS Hawthorn East 7.5 minute topographic quadrangle; latitude 38 degrees 34 minutes 20 second N and longitude 118 degrees 34 minutes 30 seconds W; WGS84 Decimal Degrees 38.5722222 latitude, -118.5750000 longitude.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture: Usually dry, moist in some part for short periods during winter and early spring and for 10 to 20 days cumulative between July and October due to convection storms; typic aridic soil moisture regime.
Mean annual soil temperature: 13 to 15 degrees C.
Reaction: Moderately alkaline or strongly alkaline.
Particle-size control section - Clay content: Averages 2 to 8 percent.
Rock fragments: Less than 15 percent, dominantly gravel.
A horizon
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y.
Chroma: 2 or 3.
Bw horizon
10YR or 2.5Y.
Texture: Loamy fine sand or loamy sand.
Bqk horizons
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y.
Texture: Loamy fine sand or loamy sand.
Clay content: 5 to 10 percent.
Other features: 30 to 80 percent discontinuous weak through moderate silica-carbonate cementation.
C horizons
Hue: 2.5Y, 5Y or N.
Value: 6 through 8 dry, 5 or 6 moist.
Chroma: 0 through 3.
Texture: Stratified coarse sand through sandy loam.
Clay content: Averages 2 to 8 percent.
Rock fragments: Less than 15 percent; dominantly gravel.
Other features: Thin layers high in volcanic ash are present within the profile.
COMPETING SERIES: There are currently on other series in this family.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Demill soils are on lake plain terraces. These soils formed in mixed lacustrine materials. Slopes are 0 to 2 percent. Elevations are 4,140 to 4,280 feet. The climate is cool and arid with cool moist winters and warm dry summers. The mean annual precipitation is 80 to 150 mm mean annual temperature is 12 to 14 degrees C, and the frost-free season is 130 to 150 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the
Patna and proposed
Lakash soils. Patna soils have argillic horizons. Lakash soils have ashy control sections.
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Well drained. Slow runoff; high saturated hydraulic conductivity.
USE AND VEGETATION: Ammunition storage, rangeland and wildlife habitat. The present vegetation is mainly Cooper wolfberry, shadscale and Nevada dalea.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Western Nevada. These soils are not extensive. MLRA 29.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Davis, California.
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Mineral County (Hawthorne Army Ammunition plant), Nevada, 1990. The name is coined.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in the pedon are:
Ochric epipedon - The zone from the soil surface to 18 cm (A and part of the Bw horizons).
Cambic horizon - The zone from about 10 to 25 cm (Bw horizon).
Silica cemented layers - The zone from about 25 to 53 cm (Bqk horizon).
Particle-size control section - The zone from 25 to 100 cm (Bqk and upper 2C1 horizons).
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.