LOCATION DEVINE TXEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Clayey-skeletal, mixed, active, hyperthermic Typic Paleustalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Devine very gravelly sandy loam--rangeland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated.)
A--0 to 30 (0 to 12 in); brown (10YR 5/3) very gravelly sandy loam, dark brown (10YR 4/3) moist; weak fine subangular blocky and granular structure; hard, very friable; many fine roots; contains an estimated 45 percent by volume of rounded siliceous pebbles 1/2 to 8 cm [1/4 inch to 3 in]; few cobbles; slightly acid; gradual smooth boundary. (15 to 46 cm [6 to 18 in] thick)
E--30 to 97 cm (12 to 38 in); light brown (7.5YR 6/4) extremely gravelly sandy loam, brown (7.5YR 5/4) moist; weak very fine subangular blocky and granular structure; hard, very friable; common fine roots; contains and estimated 70 percent by volume of rounded siliceous gravel 1/2 to 8 cm [1/4 inch to 3 in] in diameter; few cobbles; slightly acid; clear smooth boundary. (0 to 86 cm [0 to 34 in] thick)
Bt1--97 to 173 cm (38 to 68 in); reddish brown (5YR 4/4) extremely gravelly sandy clay; dark reddish brown (5YR 3/4) moist; moderate fine angular blocky structure; very hard, very firm; few roots; about 80 percent by volume of rounded siliceous gravel mainly 1/2 to 8 cm [1/4 inch to 3 in] in diameter; few cobbles; clay films on peds and coarse fragments; slightly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (25 to 76 cm [10 to 30 in] thick)
Bt2--173 to 224 cm (68 to 88 in); dark red (2.5YR 3/6) moist extremely gravelly clay; moderate fine and medium angular blocky structure; very hard, firm; clay films on peds and coarse fragments; about 70 percent siliceous pebbles and cobbles 1/4 inch to 5 in in diameter; many coarse prominent grayish brown (10YR 5/2) relict iron depletions; slightly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (25 to 76 cm [10 to 30 in] thick)
2BC--224 to 249 cm (88 to 98 in); yellowish red (5YR 5/6) sandy clay loam, yellowish red (5YR 4/6) moist; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; hard, firm; few fine soft shale and sandstone fragments; few calcium carbonate concretions; patchy clay films on peds; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary. (0 to 41 cm [0 to 16 in] thick)
2Cr--249 to 305 cm (98 to 120 in); weakly cemented sandstone; stratified reddish yellow (5YR 6/6) and brownish yellow (10YR 6/6); contains small pockets of gray soft shale; contains less than 5 percent of yellowish red sandy clay loam between some strata; contains thin seams and pockets of calcium carbonate; sandstone is noncalcareous; neutral.
TYPE LOCATION: Medina County, Texas; 14.8 miles south of Hondo, Texas, on Farm Road 462 from its junction with U.S. Highway 90; 6.3 miles east on Farm Road 2200 and 50 feet south; pedon is exposed in road cut on south side of road.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Solum is more than 150 cm (60 in) thick.
Soil Moisture: An ustic soil moisture regime. The soil moisture control section is dry in some or all parts for more than 90 days in normal years. Soil moisture conditions are the driest during the summer months months, while the spring and fall months are the wettest.
Mean annual soil temperature: 72 to 74 (22 to 23.5 degrees F).
Thickness of the A and E horizons are 25 to 102 cm (10 to 40 in)
Particle-size control section (weighted average)
Clay content: 35 to 50 percent
Coarse Fragments: 40 to 80 percent
A Horizon
Hue: 2.5YR to 10YR
Value: 3 to 6 (When the soil has moist chroma or value of 3 or less it is less than 25 cm [10 in] thick.)
Chroma: 2 to 4
Texture: very gravelly or extremely gravelly; sandy loam fine sandy loam, or loam.
Coarse fragments: 35 to 80 percent by volume of rounded chert or quartzite pebbles and cobbles.
Reaction: moderately acid to neutral
E Horizon
Hue: 2.5YR to 10YR
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 3 or 4
Texture: very gravelly or extremely gravelly, sandy loam, fine sandy loam, or loam
Coarse fragments: 35 to 80 percent by volume of rounded chert or quartzite pebbles and cobbles.
Reaction: moderately acid to neutral
Bt Horizon
Hue: 10R to 7.5YR
Value: 3 to 8
Chroma: 3 to 6
Texture: very gravelly or extremely gravelly clay loam, clay, or sandy clay
Clay content: 35 to 50 percent
Redox concentrations: amount-0 to 15 percent, shades-yellow, brown or red
Redox depletions: amount-0 to 25 percent, shades-gray
Coarse fragments: 40 to 80 percent by volume (mainly in upper 50 cm [20 in])
Reaction: moderately acid to slightly alkaline
Btk Horizon
Hue: 2.5YR to 10YR
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 4 to 8
Texture: gravelly to extremely gravelly clay loam, clay, or sandy clay
Identifiable secondary carbonate: amount-2 to 10 percent, kind-masses, threads or concretions
Coarse fragments: 15 to 50 percent by volume
Partially weathered shale or sandstone: amount-0 to 20 percent
Reaction: neutral to slightly alkaline
2BC Horizon (where present)
Hue: 2.5YR to 10YR
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 4 to 8
Texture: very gravelly or extremely gravelly clay loam, clay, or sandy clay (some pedons below 150 cm [60 in] may be gravelly, very gravelly or extremely gravelly sandy clay loam.
Identifiable secondary carbonate: amount-0 to 5 percent, kind-masses, threads or concretions
Partially weathered shale or sandstone: amount-0 to 20 percent
Reaction: moderately acid to slightly alkaline
The 2C horizon is variable and may be caliche of loam or sandy clay loam texture; it may be reddish or yellowish noncalcareous weakly consolidated cemented to soft sandstone, yellowish and grayish soft shaly clay, or mottled red, gray, or yellow sandy clay loam or clay which is assumed to be residuum.
COMPETING SERIES: There are no series in the same family. Similar soils include Madrone (TX), Pebblepoint (TX), and Riesel (TX) series. All of these soils have mean annual soil temperatures less than 72 degrees F., and Madrone soils have smectitic mineralogy.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material: loamy sediments mixed with thick beds of Uvalde Gravel
Landscape: inland, dissected coastal plains
Landform: high terrace ridges
Slope: 0 to 12 percent but dominantly are less than 4 percent
Mean annual air temperature range: 21 to 23 degrees C (70 to 73 degrees F).
Mean annual precipitation range: 635 to 889 mm (25 to 35 in)
Precipitation Pattern: Precipitation occurs mostly in the spring and fall months. The winter and summer months are the driest.
Frost-free period: 275 to 290 days
Elevation: 76 to 183 m (250 to 600 feet
Thornthwaite annual P-E indices: 31 to 40
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These include
Hindes (TX),
Nueces (TX),
Poth (TX), and
Yologo (TX) series.
Nueces and Poth soils: have less than 35 percent coarse fragments in the control section; Nueces soils have Bt horizons with less than 35 percent clay; Poth soils have a sandy epipedon.
Hindes soils: have epipedons less than 50 cm (20 in) thick.
Yologo soils have sola less than 50 cm (20 in) thick.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained; Runoff is negligible on slopes less than 1 percent, very low on 1 to 3 percent slopes, low on 3 to 5 percent slopes, medium on 5 to 12 percent slopes. Moderately slow permeability.
USE AND VEGETATION: Used for rangeland and as a source of gravel. Native grasses consist mainly of plains bristlegrass, fall witchgrass, Arizona cottontop, tanglehead, plains lovegrass, red grama, and threeawn. Woody vegetation includes blackbrush, whitebrush, guajillo, and leathersteam with scattered mesquite, live oak, and pricklypear cactus. (Ecological site name: Gravelly Ridge 20-35" Pz; Ecological site number: R083AY386TX)
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Mainly in the Northern Rio Grande Plain. MLRA 83A; LRR I The series is of moderate extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Temple, Texas
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Medina County, Texas; 1972.
REMARKS: These soils formerly were considered as a thick surface phase of the Hindes soils or gravelly land.
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon - 0 to 97 cm (0 to 38 in). (A and E horizons)
Argillic horizon - 97 to 224 cm (38 to 88 in). (Bt1 and Bt2 horizons)
Lithologic discontinuity - 24 to 305 cm (88 to 120 in). (2BC and 2Cr)
ADDITIONAL DATA: Laboratory data available on pedons from Goliad County.
TAXONOMIC VERSION: Keys to Soil Taxonomy, Tenth Edition, 2006