LOCATION DEWBERRY MTEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Ashy over loamy-skeletal, amorphic over mixed, superactive, frigid Typic Udivitrands
TYPICAL PEDON: Dewberry ashy silt loam, forested (colors are for moist soils unless otherwise noted).
Oi--0 to 1 inch; undecomposed and partially decomposed forest litter. (1 to 2 inches thick)
A--1 to 2 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) ashy silt loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry; weak fine granular structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; many very fine and fine roots and common medium and coarse roots; 10 percent pebbles; slightly acid (pH 6.4); abrupt wavy boundary. (1 to 4 inches thick)
Bw1--2 to 10 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 3/4) ashy silt loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) dry; weak fine subangular blocky structure parting to weak fine granular; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; many very fine and fine and common medium and coarse roots; 10 percent pebbles; moderately acid (pH 6.0); gradual wavy boundary. (8 to 12 inches thick)
Bw2--10 to 24 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) gravelly ashy silt loam, light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) dry; weak medium subangular blocky structure parting to weak fine granular; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; common very fine to medium and few coarse roots; 20 percent pebbles, 5 percent cobbles; moderately acid (pH 6.0); gradual wavy boundary. (10 to 16 inches thick)
2C1--24 to 39 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) extremely cobbly coarse sandy loam, very pale brown (10YR 7/3) dry; massive; loose, nonsticky and nonplastic; common fine and medium and few coarse roots; 40 percent pebbles, 30 percent cobbles; moderately acid (pH 5.8); gradual wavy boundary. (10 to 20 inches thick)
2C2--39 to 60 inches; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) extremely gravelly sandy loam, light gray (10YR 7/2) dry; massive; loose, nonsticky and nonplastic; common medium and few coarse roots; 50 percent pebbles, 20 percent cobbles; moderately acid (pH 5.8).
TYPE LOCATION: Sanders County, Montana; 2,300 feet west and 400 feet south of the NE corner of sec. 29, T. 26 N., R. 32 W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil temperature - 43 to 47 degrees
Volcanic glass content in the 0.02 to 2.0 mm fraction - 12 to 20 percent
Acid-oxalate extractable Al plus 1/2 Fe - 1.60 to 2.25
Phosphate retention - 25 to 75
15-bar water retention on air dried samples - 8 to 12 percent
A horizon - Value: 4, 5, or 6 dry; 3 or 4 moist
Chroma: 2, 3, or 4
Clay content: 2 to 10 percent
Bulk density: 0.85 to 1.00 g/cc
Rock fragments: 0 to 35 percent--0 to 5 percent cobbles, 0 to 30 percent pebbles
Reaction: 5.1 to 6.5
Bw1 horizon - Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 5 or 6 dry; 3, 4, 5, or 6 moist
Chroma: 3, 4, or 6
Clay content: 2 to 10 percent
Bulk density: 0.85 to 1.00 g/cc
Rock fragments: 0 to 35 percent--0 to 5 percent cobbles, 0 to 30 percent pebbles
Reaction: 5.1 to 6.5
Bw2 horizon - Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 5, 6, or 7 dry; 4, 5, or 6 moist
Chroma: 3, 4, or 6
Clay content: 2 to 10 percent
Bulk density: 0.85 to 1.00 g/cc
Rock fragments: 15 to 25 percent--15 to 20 percent pebbles, 0 to 5 percent cobbles
Reaction: 5.1 to 6.5
2C1 horizon - Value: 6 or 7 dry; 4, 5, or 6 moist
Chroma: 2, 3, or 4
Clay content: 2 to 10 percent
Texture: coarse sandy loam, sandy loam
Rock fragments: 60 to 80 percent--35 to 50 percent pebbles, 25 to 30 percent cobbles
Reaction: 5.6 to 6.5
2C2 horizon - Value: 6 or 7 dry; 4, 5, or 6 moist
Chroma: 2, 3, or 4
Clay content: 2 to 10 percent
Rock fragments: 60 to 80 percent--50 to 60 percent pebbles, 10 to 20 percent cobbles
Reaction: 5.6 to 6.5
COMPETING SERIES:
Ahrs (ID) - has 35 to 60 percent coarse fragments in the Bw horizon.
Bonnash (MT) - has transitional 2E/Bw horizon; has sandy-skeletal 2C horizon.
Bouldercreek (ID) - has 2BC horizon; formed in material from schist or quartzite bedrock.
Ferguson (OR) - has 2Bw horizons; has sandy-skeletal 2C horizon; formed in glaciofluvial deposits mainly from granite.
Honeyjones (ID) - has 2Bw horizons; formed in material from metasedimentary bedrock mainly siltite and argillite.
Stevie (MT) - has 2E/Bw horizon.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Landform - stream terraces in valleys.
Elevation - 2200 to 2600 feet.
Slope - 2 to 45 percent.
Parent material - volcanic ash over alluvium.
Climate - long, cold winters; moist springs; warm summers.
Mean annual precipitation - 28 to 34 inches, much of which falls as snow and spring rains.
Mean annual temperature - 42 to 45 degrees F.
Frost-free period - 90 to 105 days.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained, moderate permeability.
USE AND VEGETATION: Dewberry soils are used mainly for woodland, understory grazing and wildlife habitat. Potential native vegetation is mainly douglas fir, western larch, grand fir, western hemlock and western redcedar. Understory vegetation is mainly western goldthread, oregon grape, snowberry, queencup beadlily and wild sarsaparilla and other forbs and shrubs.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Dewberry soils are of small extent in the valleys of northwestern Montana.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Bozeman, Montana
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Sanders County, Montana 1997.
REMARKS: Soil Interpretation Record: MT1512. Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are: a volcanic ash mantle from 1 to 24 inches (A, Bw1 and Bw2 horizons); an ochric epipedon from the mineral soil surface to 7 inches (A, Bw1 horizons); a particle size control section from 0 to 40 inches below the mineral soil surface (A, Bw1, Bw2 and 2C horizons). Dewberry soils have a udic moisture regime and a frigid temperature regime.