LOCATION DONEY              MT+UT WY 
Established Series
Rev. JAL-HAL-CJH
10/1999

DONEY SERIES


The Doney series consists of moderately deep, well drained soils that formed in residuum and colluvium from semiconsolidated interbedded sandy and silty sedimentary beds. These soils are on sedimentary plains, escarpments and hills. Slopes are 2 to 90 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 17 inches, and mean annual air temperature is about 41 degrees F.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, frigid Typic Haplustepts

TYPICAL PEDON: Doney loam, cultivated. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted)

Ap--0 to 4 inches; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) loam, dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) moist; weak fine granular structure; soft, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine roots; slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 7.9); abrupt boundary. (4 to 6 inches thick)

Bw--4 to 14 inches; very pale brown (10YR 7/3) loam, pale brown (10YR 6/3) moist; weak coarse prismatic structure; hard, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many fine and very fine roots, many fine and very fine pores; few fine masses and threads of lime; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 7.9); gradual wavy boundary. (7 to 13 inches thick)

Bk--14 to 25 inches; very pale brown (10YR 7/3) loam, pale brown (10YR 6/3) moist; very weak coarse prismatic structure; hard, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine roots; many very fine pores; 10 percent sandstone and siltstone pebbles; few to common threads of lime; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.4); gradual wavy boundary. (9 to 22 inches thick)

Cr--25 to 60 inches; pale yellow (2.5Y 7/4) semiconsolidated interbedded sandy and silty sedimentary beds that crush to loam; light yellowish brown (2.5Y 6/4) moist; massive; hard, friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.4).

TYPE LOCATION: Fergus County, Montana; about 1,000 feet west and 917 feet north of the SW corner of sec. 30, T. 19 N., R. 14 E.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:

Soil temperature - 41 to 47 degrees F.

Moisture control section - between 4 and 12 inches.

Depth to bedrock - 20 to 40 inches.

Soil phases - gravelly; very gravelly.

Ap horizon - Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y

Value: 5 or 6 dry; 4 or 5 moist

Chroma: 1, 2, or 3

Texture: loam, clay loam, silty clay loam, or silt loam

Clay content: 10 to 35 percent

Rock fragments: 0 to 55 percent--0 to 10 percent cobbles; 0 to 45 percent pebbles

Reaction: pH 6.6 to 8.4

Uncultivated areas have a thin A horizon, the value is 5 or 6 dry; 3, 4, or 5 moist; chroma is 1, 2, or 3.

Bw horizon - Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y

Value: 5, 6, or 7 dry; 4, 5, or 6 moist

Chroma: 2, 3, or 4

Texture: loam, clay loam, or silty clay loam

Clay content: 18 to 30 percent

Rock fragments: 0 to 35 percent--0 to 10 percent cobbles; 0 to 25 percent pebbles

Calcium carbonate equivalent: less than 15 percent.

Reaction: pH 7.4 to 9.0

Bk horizon - Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y

Value: 6, 7 or 8 dry; 5, 6 or 7 moist

Chroma: 1, 2, 3, or 4

Texture: loam, clay loam, or silty clay loam

Clay content: 18 to 30 percent

Rock fragments: 0 to 30 percent--0 to 10 percent cobbles; 0 to 20 percent pebbles and channers

Calcium carbonate equivalent: 5 to 15 percent

Reaction: pH 7.9 to 9.0

Cr horizon - semiconsolidated interbedded sandy and silty sedimentary beds

COMPETING SERIES:

Arikara (ND) - does not have a paralithic contact.

Broadus (MT) - does not have a paralithic contact.

Eaglewing (MT) - does not have a paralithic contact.

Macar (MT) - does not have a paralithic contact.

Mara (NM) - does not have a paralithic contact.

Slategoat (MT) - does not have a paralithic contact.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:

Landform - sedimentary plains; escarpments; hills.

Elevation - 2,900 to 5,400 feet. It ranges up to 6,200 feet in the foothills of the mountains.

Slope- 2 to 90 percent.

Parent material - residuum and colluvium from semiconsolidated interbedded sandy and silty sedimentary beds.

Climate - long, cold winters; moist springs; warm summers.

Mean annual precipitation - 12 to 19 inches. It ranges up to 20 inches in the foothills of the mountains.

Mean annual air temperature - 39 to 45 degrees F.

Frost-free period - 90 to 135 days. It ranges down to 70 days in the foothills of the mountains.

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained. Moderate permeability. Runoff is very low to high depending on slope.

USE AND VEGETATION: Doney soils are used mainly for rangeland. Potential native vegetation is mainly bluebunch wheatgrass, western wheatgrass, silver sagebrush, green sagewort, lupine, and phlox.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Doney soils are of moderate extent in central and eastern Montana.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Denver, Colorado

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Big Horn County, Montana, 1970.

REMARKS: Soil interpretation records: MT0238, MT1029, MT0740.

Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are: ochric epipedon - the zone from the surface of the soils to a depth of 7 inches (after mixing) (Ap and Bw horizons); cambic horizon - the zone from 4 to 14 inches (Bw horizon); layer of carbonate accumulation - the zone from 14 to 25 inches (Bk horizon); paralithic contact - at 25 inches (Cr horizon). The Doney soils have a frigid temperature regime and an ustic moisture regime.


National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.