LOCATION DUCKLAKE OR
Established Series
Rev. RJO/DAL
03/2013
DUCKLAKE SERIES
The Ducklake series consists of deep, well drained soils on glaciated slopes of mountains. Ducklake soils are formed in volcanic ash overlying glacial till from granite. Slopes are 5 to 60 percent. The mean annual precipitation is about 57 inches and the mean annual temperature is about 37 degrees F.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Ashy over loamy-skeletal, amorphic over isotic Typic Vitricryands
TYPICAL PEDON: Ducklake stony ashy silt loam - woodland, on a 40 percent north - facing slope at an elevation of 7050 feet. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise noted. Textures are apparent field textures.)
Oi--0 to 1 inch; needles, cones, leaves and bark.
A--1 to 3 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) stony ashy silt loam, very dark brown (10YR 2/2) dry; weak fine subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky, non-plastic and weakly smeary; many fine, common medium and few coarse roots throughout; few fine tubular pores; 5 percent gravel, 5 percent cobbles and 5 percent stones; strongly acid (pH 5.5); clear wavy boundary. (2 to 9 inches thick)
Bw--3 to 15 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 3/6) stony ashy silt loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) dry; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky, non-plastic and weakly smeary; common fine, many medium, and common coarse roots throughout; few fine tubular pores; 5 percent gravel, 5 cobbles and 5 percent stones; strongly acid (pH 5.5); clear wavy boundary. (6 to 21 inches thick)
2EBb--15 to 25 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 3/4) very cobbly silt loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) dry; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and non-plastic; common fine and medium and few coarse roots throughout; few fine irregular pores; 15 percent gravel, 15 percent cobbles and 10 percent stones; moderately acid (pH 6.0); clear smooth boundary. (9 to 24 inches thick)
2Bwb--25 to 42 inches dark brown (10YR 3/3) very cobbly sandy loam, light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) dry; weak fine subangular structure; slightly hard, friable, non-sticky and non-plastic; common fine, few medium and coarse roots throughout; 25 percent gravel, 15 percent cobbles and 10 percent stones; moderately acid (pH 6.0); clear smooth boundary. (6 to 16 inches thick)
2Cd--42 to 61 inches; dense till -- dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) extreme cobbly loamy sand, light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) dry; massive structure; loose, very firm, non-sticky and non-plastic; 35 percent gravel, 20 percent cobbles and 10 percent stones; moderately acid (pH 6.0).
TYPE LOCATION: Baker County, Oregon
Section 6 (NE 1/4, SE 1/4, SW 1/4), T. 6 S., R. 45 E.
UTM Zone 11; 4,991,400 northing; 480,210 easting
Latitude: 45 degrees, 04 minutes, 32 seconds
Longitude: 117 degrees, 15 minutes, 05 seconds
USGS Quadrangle: Cornucopia
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil Temperature Regime: cryic
Mean Annual Soil Temperature: 34 to 40 degrees F
Mean Summer Soil Temperature: 40 to 48 degrees F
Mean Winter Soil Temperature: 27 to 36 degrees F
Soil Moisture Regime: udic; dry 30 to 45 days in summer
Particle-size Control Section: mineral surface to 40 inches below the mineral surface
Upper part (ashy)
Thickness: 14 to 26 inches
Clay content: 2 to 10 percent
Rock fragment content: 15 to 30 percent
Lower part (loamy-skeletal)
Thickness: 14 to 26 inches
Clay content: 3 to 10 percent
Rock fragment content: 35 to 60 percent
Rock fragment shape: rounded or well rounded
Diagnostic Horizons and Features:
andic soil material: upper boundary at the mineral surface, 14 to 26 inches thick
Al+1/2Fe(aox): 1.5 to 3.0 percent
bulk density: 0.65 to 1.00 g/cc
P retention: 60 to 90 percent
0.02-2.0 mm fraction: 40 to 60 percent of <2mm
glass content: 60 to 90 percent in 0.02-2.0 mm
1500 kPa water (air dry): 5 to 12 percent
8Si + 2Fe (aox): 5 to 12 percent
8Si - 2Fe (aox): 4 to 8 percent
ochric epipedon: 3 to 9 inches thick
cambic horizon: 6 to 21 inches thick in upper part; 6 to 16 inches thick in lower part
densic contact: 40 to 55 inches below mineral surface
Major Horizons:
A horizon: (AB in some pedons)
color, moist: hue: 10YR; value: 2 or 3; chroma: 2 to 4
color, dry: hue: 10YR; value: 4 or 5; chroma: 3 or 4
texture: GR-ASIL, ST-ASIL
clay content: 4 to 10 percent
rock fragment content:15 to 30 percent
gravel: 5 to 20 percent
cobbles: 0 to 10 percent
stones: 0 to 5 percent
reaction: strongly acid to slightly acid pH: 5.5 to 6.5
base saturation (sum of bases): 5 to 25 percent
organic carbon: 1 to 6 percent
Bw horizon
color, moist: hue: 10YR; value: 3, 4, or 6; chroma: 3, 4, or 6
color, dry: hue: 10YR; value: 4 to 6; chroma: 4, or 6
texture: GR-ASIL, ST-ASIL
clay content: 2 to 10 percent
rock fragment content: 15 to 30 percent
gravel: 5 to 15 percent
cobbles: 0 to 10 percent
stones: 0 to 5 percent
reaction: strongly acid to slightly acid; pH: 5.5 to 6.5
base saturation (sum of bases): 2 to 10 percent
organic carbon: 0.6 to 1.7 percent
2EBb horizon: (2Eb or 2AEb in some pedons)
color, moist: hue: 10YR; value: 3, or 4; chroma: 4, or 6
color, dry: hue: 10YR; value: 5 or 6; chroma: 3, 4, or 6
texture: GRV-L, CBV-SL, CBV-SIL, GRV-SL
clay content: 2 to 10 percent
rock fragment content: 35 to 50 percent
gravel: 15 to 30 percent
cobbles: 5 to 20 percent
stones: 0 to 10 percent
reaction: strongly acid to slightly acid; pH: 5.5 to 6.5
base saturation (sum of bases): 5 to 15 percent
2Bwb horizon
color, moist: hue: 10YR; value: 3, or 4; chroma: 3, 4, or 6
color, dry: hue: 10YR, 2.5Y; value: 4 to 7; chroma: 3, 4, or 6
texture: GRV-SL, GRX-SL, CBV-SL
clay content: 3 to 5 percent
rock fragment content: 50 to 65 percent
gravel : 20 to 45 percent
cobbles: 10 to 25 percent
stones: 0 to 15 percent
boulders: 0 to 5 percent
reaction: moderately acid to slightly acid; p H: 5.5 to 6.7
base saturation (sum of bases): 10 to 35 percent
COMPETING SERIES:
Angelpeak - deep (40 to 60 inches) to a lithic contact, loamy-skeletal part of pscs is slightly acid or neutral and has 60 to 85 percent angular rock fragments, formed in volcanic ash over colluvium from argillite
Ashnola - moderately deep and deep (35 to 50 inches) to a densic contact, very deep (>60 inches) to bedrock, ashy part of the pscs is gravelly ashy sandy loam and less than 50 percent silt, formed in volcanic ash over till from sedimentary and volcanic rocks
Bucketlake-very deep (>60 inches), loamy-skeletal part of the pscs has subrounded and rounded rock fragments and clay content of 5 to 15 percent, formed in volcanic ash over till from granite
Lackeyshole - deep (40 to 60 inches) to a lithic contact, loamy-skeletal part of pscs is slightly acid or neutral and has 35 to 55 percent subangular rock fragments and less than 25 percent very coarse, coarse and medium sand, formed in volcanic ash over colluvium from andesitic basalt and basalt
McCalpinemeadow - moderately deep (20 to 40 inches) to a lithic contact; loamy-skeletal part of the pscs has subangular rock fragments, more than 25 percent very coarse, coarse and medium sand, and clay content of 5 to 10 percent; formed in volcanic ash over colluvium from granite and granodiorite
Mountemily-very deep (>60 inches), loamy-skeletal part of the pscs has subangular and angular rock fragments and clay content of 18 to 30 percent, formed in volcanic ash over colluvium from basalt
Mudlakebasin - moderately deep (20 to 40 inches) to a lithic contact, loamy-skeletal part of the pscs has well rounded and rounded rock fragments, and clay content of 4 to 18 percent, formed in volcanic ash over till from granite
Towermountain - moderately deep (20 to 40 inches) to a paralithic contact, formed in volcanic ash over colluvium from rhyolitic tuff
Troutmeadows - moderately deep (20 to 40 inches) to a lithic contact, loamy-skeletal part of the pscs has subangular rock fragments, less than 25 percent very coarse, coarse and medium sand, and clay content of 10 to 18 percent, formed in volcanic ash over colluvium from basalt
Ufish - deep (40 to 60 inches) to a lithic contact, loamy-skeletal part of pscs is strongly acid to slightly acid, and has 35 to 60 percent subrounded or subangular rock fragments and more than 25 percent very coarse, coarse and medium sand, formed in volcanic ash over colluvium from granite and granodiorite
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Landform: glaciated slopes of mountains
Slope gradient: 5 to 60 percent
Parent material: volcanic ash overlying glacial till from granite
Lithology: granite
Elevation: 5600 to 7600 feet
Climate: cold, wet winters and cool, moist summers
Average annual precipitation: 40 to 60 inches
Average annual air temperature: 32 to 38 degrees F
Frost-free period: 15 to 65 days
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
Clarkscreek - occurs on convex positions in valleys and on convex to planar ridges and upper slopes of glaciated mountain slopes
Mudlakebasin - occurs in glacially scoured cirque basins on convex to planar slope shapes
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY:
Drainage- well drained
Permeability- moderately rapid over moderate
USE AND VEGETATION:
Use- timber production, watershed, wildlife habitat, and recreation
Native vegetation- subalpine fir, lodgepole pine, Engleman spruce, western larch, whitebark pine, grouse whortleberry, currents, big huckleberry, skunk-leaved polemonium, fleeceflower, green false Hellebore and sedges
Ecological site- ABLA/POPU3; may include ABLA/VAME, ABLA/VASC or PICO(ABLA)/VASC.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
Extent - small
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Portland, Oregon
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Wallowa-Whitman National Forests, Oregon, 2012
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
ochric epipedon
cambic horizon, upper: 3 to 15 inches; Bw
cambic horizon, lower: 25 to 41 inches; 2Bwb
densic layer: 42 to 61 inches; 2Cd
particle-size control section
ashy part: 1 to 15 inches A, Bw
loamy-skeletal part: 15 to 41 inches 2EBb, 2Bwb
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.