LOCATION DUTCHJOHN               NV+OR

Established Series
Rev. DD/RD/RLB/JBF
01/2019

DUTCHJOHN SERIES

The Dutchjohn series consists of deep, well drained soils that formed in loess and volcanic ash over colluvium and residuum derived from tuff. The Dutchjohn soils are on plateaus and rock pediments. Slopes are 0 to 15 percent. The mean annual precipitation is about 300 mm and the mean annual temperature is about 7 degrees C.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy-skeletal, mixed, superactive, frigid Vitritorrandic Argixerolls

TYPICAL PEDON: Dutchjohn ashy loam--rangeland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.) The soil surface is covered with 5 percent gravel.

A1--0 to 8 cm; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) ashy loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; moderate medium platy structure; slightly hard, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; many very fine and few fine roots; many very fine and common fine, few medium and coarse vesicular and few very fine and fine tubular pores; 10 percent gravel; neutral (pH 7.0); abrupt smooth boundary. (5 to 10 cm thick)

A2--8 to 28 cm; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) ashy loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; weak very thick platy structure parting to moderate fine subangular blocky; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine, fine, medium and coarse roots; many very fine, few fine, medium and coarse tubular pores; 10 percent gravel; neutral (pH 7.0); clear smooth boundary. (10 to 25 cm thick)

Bq--28 to 40 cm; brown (10YR 5/3) gravelly ashy loam, dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; hard, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine, few fine, medium and coarse roots; common very fine, fine, medium and coarse tubular pores; 10 percent 1 to 2.5 cm diameter weakly cemented durinodes; 20 percent gravel; neutral (pH 7.0); clear wavy boundary. (10 to 20 cm thick)

Bt1--40 to 53 cm; brown (10YR 5/3) gravelly loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 3/4) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine, few fine and medium roots; many very fine and common fine tubular pores; common faint clay films on faces of peds and lining pores; 30 percent gravel; neutral (pH 7.0); clear wavy boundary. (0 to 15 cm thick)

Bt2--53 to 84 cm; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) very gravelly sandy clay loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; hard, firm, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine, few fine and medium roots; many very fine, common fine, few medium and coarse tubular pores; many faint and few distinct clay films on faces of peds and lining pores; 5 percent cobbles, 20 percent hard gravel, 30 percent weathered tuffaceous gravel; neutral (pH 7.0); clear irregular boundary. (25 to 50 cm thick)

2C--84 to 130 cm; pale yellow (2.5Y 7/4) very gravelly loamy sand, light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) moist; massive; hard, firm, nonsticky and nonplastic; few very fine and fine roots; few very fine and fine tubular, many very fine, few fine, medium and coarse interstitial pores; many thin very pale brown (10YR 8/2) silica coats on rock fragments; 45 percent weathered tuffaceous gravel with few discontinuous 1 to 2 mm silica lamella; slightly alkaline (pH 7.4); clear wavy boundary. (30 to 50 cm thick)

2Cr--130 to 140 cm; weathered tuff; massive; very hard, very firm; many thin soft seams of carbonate in fractures.

TYPE LOCATION: Humboldt County, Nevada; about 4 miles northeast of the Martin Creek Guard Station in the Santa Rosa Mountains, approximately 200 feet north and 2,200 feet east of the southwest corner of section 32, T. 45 N., R. 40 E.; USGS Black Ridge 7.5 minute topographic quadrangle; latitude 41 degrees 43 minutes 50.6 seconds N and longitude 117 degrees 29 minutes 40.5 seconds W; WGS84 Decimal Degrees 41.7307222 latitude, -117.4945833 longitude.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture: Usually dry, moist in winter and spring, dry in summer and fall, typic xeric moisture regime.
Mean annual soil temperature: 6 to 8 degrees C.
Mollic epipedon thickness: 36 to 50 cm and does not include the argillic horizon.
Depth to paralithic contact: 100 to 150 cm.
Profile reaction: Slightly acid through slightly alkaline.

Control section - Clay content: Averages 18 to 27 percent.
Rock fragments: Averages 35 to 50 percent, mainly gravel; some pedons may have subhorizons with 20 to 35 percent rock fragments.

A horizon
Value 4 or 5 dry, 2 or 3 moist.
Chroma: 2 or 3.
Volcanic glass: Volcanic glass is estimated to range from 20 to 50 percent of the 0.2 to 2 mm fraction.

Bq horizon
Value 4 or 5 dry, 3 or 4 moist.
Chroma: 3 or 4.
Texture: Loam, clay loam, or sandy clay loam.
Rock fragments: 15 to 35 percent gravel.
Volcanic glass: Volcanic glass is estimated to range from 20 to 30 percent of the 0.2 to 2 mm fraction.
Other features: Averages 5 to 15 percent weakly cemented silica durinodes.

Bt horizons
Value 5 or 6 dry, 3 or 4 moist.
Chroma: 3 or 4.
Clay content: 18 to 27 percent.
Texture: Loam and sandy clay loam and individual horizon having up to 35 percent clay.
Rock fragment: Average 35 to 50 percent mainly gravel.
Structure: Subangular blocky and angular blocky

2C horizon
Hue 2.5Y or 10YR.
Value: 6 or 7 dry, 4 or 5 moist.
Texture: Sandy loam or loamy sand.
Clay content: 3 to 10 percent.
Rock fragments: 35 to 60 percent.
Other features: Some pedons have thin silica lamella.

COMPETING SERIES: There are no other series in this family.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Dutchjohn soils are on plateaus and rock pediments. These soils formed in loess and volcanic ash over colluvium and residuum derived from tuff. Slopes are 0 to 15 percent. Elevations are 6,000 to 6,500 feet. The climate is cool, semiarid with warm, dry summers and cool, moist winters. The mean annual precipitation is 300 to 360 mm, mean annual temperature is 6 to 7 degrees C, and the frost-free season is 80 to 100 days.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Anawalt, Igdell and Ninemile soils. Anawalt and Ninemile soils have fine textured control sections and are less than 50 cm to bedrock. Igdell soils have a fine textured control section and a duripan above 100 cm.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Well drained; medium runoff; moderately high saturated hydraulic conductivity.

USE AND VEGETATION: Rangeland and wildlife habitat. Basin big sagebrush, Idaho fescue, basin wildrye, big squirreltail, Sandberg bluegrass, rabbitbrush and bluebunch wheatgrass.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Northern Nevada. MLRA 25. These soils are not extensive.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Davis, California

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Humboldt County, Nevada, East Part. 1993

REMARKS: The name is from Dutchjohn Creek in the Santa Rosa Mountains.

Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Mollic epipedon - The zone from the surface of the soil to a depth of 41 cm (A1, A2 and Bq horizons).
Argillic horizon - The zone from 41 to 84 cm (Bt1 and Bt2 horizons).
Vitritorrandic feature - Volcanic glass is estimated to be 20 to 30 percent or more of the 0.02 to 2 mm fraction in the zone from the soil surface to 41 cm (A and Bq horizons).
Paralithic contact - The boundary at 130 cm (2Cr layer).
Particle-size control section - The zone from 40 to 84 cm (Bt1 and Bt2 horizons).

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.