LOCATION EASTMORE                NV

Established Series
Rev. CWL/TM/JVC/JBF
01/2012

EASTMORE SERIES

The Eastmore series consists of shallow to a duripan, well drained soils that formed in mixed alluvium derived mainly from limestone and some quartzite with a component of loess. Eastmore soils are on fan remnants. Slopes are 2 to 30 percent. The mean annual precipitation is about 200 mm and the mean annual temperature is about 8 degrees C.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy-skeletal, mixed, superactive, mesic, shallow Xereptic Haplodurids

TYPICAL PEDON: Eastmore gravelly sandy loam--rangeland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.)

A--0 to 8 cm; pale brown (10YR 6/3) gravelly sandy loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; strong very thick platy structure; soft, very friable, slightly sticky and nonplastic; few very fine and fine roots; many fine and common medium vesicular pores; secondary calcium carbonate disseminated throughout the matrix and few (1 percent) concretions on bottom of rock fragments; 20 percent gravel; violently effervescent; slightly alkaline (pH 7.6); clear smooth boundary. (5 to 23 cm thick)

Bk--8 to 13 cm; pale brown (10YR 6/3) gravelly fine sandy loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure parting to strong medium granular; soft, very friable, slightly sticky and nonplastic; many very fine, common fine and medium roots; common very fine and fine, and few medium tubular and interstitial pores; secondary calcium carbonate disseminated throughout the matrix and few (1 percent) concretions on bottom of rock fragments; 25 percent gravel; violently effervescent; slightly alkaline (pH 7.6); abrupt smooth boundary. (5 to 28 cm thick)

Bqk--13 to 43 cm; very pale brown (10YR 7/3) extremely gravelly fine sandy loam, light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) moist; strong thick platy structure; very hard, very firm, nonsticky and nonplastic; common very fine and few fine roots; common very fine and fine, and few medium tubular and interstitial pores; secondary calcium carbonate disseminated throughout the matrix and few (2 percent) concretions of secondary calcium carbonate and silica concretions around rock fragments and forming pendants on bottom of rock fragments; 70 percent gravel; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.0); clear smooth boundary. (0 to 30 cm thick)

Bqkm1--43 to 79 cm; very pale brown (10YR 8/2) cemented material, very pale brown (10YR 7/3) moist; strong very thick platy structure; extremely hard, slightly rigid; strongly cemented by secondary silica; few very fine and fine roots; few very fine, fine and medium interstitial and tubular pores; few (20 percent) secondary calcium carbonate and silica concretions around rock fragments; violently effervescent; clear smooth boundary. (25 to 76 cm thick)

Bqkm2--79 to 97 cm; very pale brown (10YR 7/3) cemented material, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) moist; strong thick platy structure parting to strong very fine platy; extremely hard, slightly rigid; strongly cemented by secondary silica; few very fine and fine interstitial pores; violently effervescent; abrupt smooth boundary. (15 to 43 cm thick)

B'k--97 to 183 cm; pale brown (10YR 6/3) very gravelly fine sandy loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; massive; soft, very friable, slightly sticky and non-plastic; few very fine and fine roots; common very fine and fine, and few medium interstitial pores; common (3 percent) concretions of secondary calcium carbonate around rock fragments; 40 percent gravel; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.4).

TYPE LOCATION: White Pine County, Nevada; about 3.5 miles west of the Nevada-Utah state line, 200 feet north of the Lincoln County line, 0.33 mile southwest of South Little Spring, and 50 feet south of the jeep trail; approximately 300 feet north and 1,200 feet east of the southwest corner of section 34, T. 9 1/2 N., R. 70 E.; USGS Tweedy Wash 7.5 minute topographic quadrangle; latitude 38 degrees 40 minutes 44.8 seconds N and longitude 114 degrees 7 minutes 4 seconds W; NAD 83.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture: Usually dry; moist in winter and spring and intermittently moist in some part for 10 to 20 days cumulative from July through September due to summer convection storms; aridic soil moisture regime that borders on xeric.
Mean annual soil temperature: 8 to 11 degrees C.
Depth to duripan: 36 to 50 cm.
Calcic horizon thickness: 15 to 38 cm.
Reaction: Slightly alkaline through very strongly alkaline.
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 25 to 40 in the less than 20 mm fraction; 10 to 20 in the fine-earth fraction.

Particle-size control section: Clay content: 10 to 18 percent.
Rock fragments: Averages 35 to 60 percent, dominately gravel. Lithologies are limestone and quartzite.

A horizon
Value: 6 or 7 dry, 4 or 5 moist.
Chroma: 3 or 4, dry or moist.
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 5 to 10 percent in the fine-earth fraction.

Bk horizon
Value: 6 through 8 dry, 4 through 6 moist.
Chroma: 2 or 3 dry, 3 or 4 moist.
Texture: Loam, sandy loam, fine sandy loam, or very fine sandy loam. Texture modifiers: Gravelly and very gravelly.
Clay content: 12 to 18 percent.
Rock fragments: 25 to 60 percent, mainly gravel.
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 10 to 20 percent in the fine-earth fraction and is 5 percent or more higher than in the underlying Bqk horizon.

Bqk horizon (when present)
Value: 6 or 7 dry, 4 through 6 moist.
Chroma: 2 through 4 dry, 3 or 4 moist.
Texture: Sandy loam or fine sandy loam.
Texture modifiers: Very gravelly and extremely gravelly.
Clay content: 12 to 18 percent.
Rock fragments: 35 to 70 percent, mainly gravel.
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 10 to 20 percent in the fine-earth fraction, and is 5 percent or more higher than in the underlying Bqkm horizon.

Bqkm horizons
Value: 7 or 8 dry, 5 through 7 moist.
Chroma: 1 through 3 dry, 2 through 4 moist.

B'k horizon
Value: 6 or 7 dry, 4 through 6 moist.
Chroma: 3 or 4 dry, 3 through 6 moist.
Texture: Loamy sand, loamy coarse sand, or fine sandy loam. Texture modifiers: gr and grv.
Clay content: 5 to 10 percent.
Rock fragments: Averages 35 to 60 percent, some pedons contain sub-horizons with less than 35 percent rock fragments.
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 5 to 10 percent in the fine-earth fraction.

COMPETING SERIES: These are the Molion and Eastwell series. These soils do not have calcic horizons and are not intermittently moist in some part for 10 to 20 days cumulative from July through September.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Eastmore soils are on fan remnants. These soils formed in alluvium derived mainly from limestone and some quartzite with a component of loess. Slopes are 2 to 30 percent. Elevations range from 1,646 to 2,195 meters. The climate is semiarid with cool, moist winters and warm, dry summers. The mean annual precipitation is 175 to 250 mm, the mean annual temperature is 7 to 11 degrees C, and the frost-free period is 90 to 130 days.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are Summermute and Ursine soils. Summermute soils do not have duripans. The Ursine soils have indurated duripans.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Well drained; moderately high saturated hydraulic conductivity.

USE AND VEGETATION: Eastmore soils are used for livestock grazing and wildlife habitat. The potential vegetation is mainly black sagebrush, needleandthread, and Indian ricegrass. Some areas have widely-spaced singleleaf pinyon and Utah juniper.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Eastern Nevada. These soils are moderately extensive. MLRA 28A.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Phoenix, Arizona.

SERIES ESTABLISHED: White Pine County, Nevada, East Part, 2004. The name is coined.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon - The zone from the soil surface to 18 cm (A, Bk and part of the Bqk horizons).
Calcic horizon - The zone from 8 to 43 cm (Bk and Bqk horizons).
Duripan - The zone from 43 to 97 cm (Bqkm1 and Bqkm2 horizons).
Particle-size control section - The zone from 25 to 43 cm (lower part of the Bqk horizon).

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.