LOCATION ENCROW LA
Established Series
Rev. JLD
02/2013
ENCROW SERIES
The Encrow series consists of poorly drained, slowly permeable soils that formed in a blanket of mixed loess and local alluvium over clayey Late Pleistocene Age sediments. They are at low local elevations on level or depressed areas on terraces. Slopes range from 0 to 1 percent.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, smectitic, thermic Typic Glossaqualfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Encrow silt loam - on a 0.5 percent slope in hardwood woodland at an elevation of 28 feet. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
A--0 to 4 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) silt loam; weak fine granular structure; friable; many fine and common coarse and medium roots; very strongly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (2 to 6 inches thick)
Eg--4 to 12 inches; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) silt loam;
common medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/4, 5/6) mottles; weak fine subangular blocky structure; friable; many fine and common coarse and medium roots; very strongly acid; gradual irregular boundary. (6 to 15 inches thick)
E/Btg--12 to 27 inches; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) silt loam
(E) and gray (10YR 5/1) silty clay (Btg); common medium distinct brown (7.5YR 4/4) mottles; few fine prominent red (2.5YR 4/6) mottles; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; firm; common fine and medium roots; many fine pores; tongues of light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) silt loam comprise about 70 percent of horizon; distinct continuous very dark gray clay films on surfaces of peds in the Btg part of horizon; very strongly acid; abrupt irregular boundary. (5 to 15 inches thick)
2Btg1--27 to 36 inches; dark gray (10YR 4/1) silty clay; common medium prominent red (2.5YR 4/6) and strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) mottles; moderate coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; firm; few fine roots; distinct continuous very dark gray (10YR 3/1) clay films on vertical faces of peds; tongues of light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) silt loam 1 to 4 inches wide make up about 5 percent of horizon; extremely acid; gradual wavy boundary. (5 to 14 inches thick)
2Btg2--36 to 42 inches; gray (10YR 5/1) silty clay; common medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) mottles; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate medium angular blocky; firm; few fine roots; common fine pores; distinct discontinuous very dark gray (10YR 3/1) clay films on vertical faces of peds; extremely acid; gradual wavy boundary. (6 to 10 inches thick)
2Btg3--42 to 48 inches; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) silty clay loam; common medium prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) mottles; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate medium angular blocky; firm; few fine pores; faint patchy clay films on faces of peds; extremely acid; gradual wavy boundary. (6 to 10 inches thick)
2BCng--48 to 60 inches; light olive gray (5Y 6/2) silty clay loam; common coarse prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) and strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) mottles; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate medium angular blocky; firm; many fine black concretions; faint patchy clay films on vertical faces of peds; extremely acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Livingston Parish, Louisiana; about 4.5 miles southeast of Walker, 1.6 miles west of Petes Rest Cemetery, 200 feet north of gravel road; sec. 16, T. 7 S., R. 4 E.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The thickness of the solum ranges from 60 to 80 inches. Reaction ranges from extremely acid to strongly acid, except in surface horizons that have been limed.
The Ap or A horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 3 to 5, and chroma of 1 to 3. Texture is silt loam or very fine sandy loam.
The Eg horizon and the E part of the E/Btg and/or B/E horizons have hue of 10YR, value of 5 to 7, and chroma of 1 or 2. Mottles in shades of brown or red range from few to many. Texture is silt loam or very fine sandy loam.
The Btg part of the E/Btg and/or B/E horizons and the 2Btg horizon have hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 1 or 2. Surfaces of peds are very dark gray or dark gray. Mottles in shades of red range from few to many at least in the upper part of the 2Btg horizon. Brownish mottles range from few to many throughout the E/Btg, B/E, and 2Btg horizons. Texture is silty clay loam, silty clay, or clay.
The 2BCn horizon has hue of 10YR, 2.5Y,or 5Y, value of 5 or 6, and chroma of 1 or 2. Texture is silty clay loam or silt loam. Mottles in shades of brown and gray range from few to many. Exchangeable sodium ranges from 5 to 15 percent.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the
Aris,
Derly and
Mowata series in the same family, and the
Basile,
Caddo,
Calhoun,
Evadale,
Fountain,
Guyton,
Gilbert,
Kinder, and
Wrightsville soils. Aris soils are somewhat poorly drained and contain more total sand in the upper part of the solum. Derly soils do not have a lithologic discontinuity. Evadale soils do not have dark coatings on surfaces of peds. Mowata and Wrightsville soils do not have red mottles in the argillic horizons. Caddo, Guyton, Kinder, Fountain, Basile, Calhoun,
Frost, and Gilbert soils have fine- silty particle size control sections.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Encrow soils are on broad depressional areas at low local elevations on terraces. They formed in mixed loess and alluvium over clayey deposits of Pleistocene Age. Near the type location, the mean annual temperature is 67 degrees F, and the mean annual precipitation is 64 inches.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the
Abita,
Barbary,
Deerford,
Olivier,
Springfield, and
Verdun soils. The somewhat poorly drained Abita and Olivier soils are on convex ridges at higher elevations and have fine-silty particle size control sections. The very poorly drained fluid clayey Barbary soils are in continuously flooded swamps. The somewhat poorly drained Deerford and Verdun soils and the poorly drained Springfield soils are on nearly level flats. Deerford and Verdun soils have a natric horizons. Springfield soils have higher chroma colors in the lower part of the Bt horizon.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Poorly drained; slow to very slow runoff; slow permeability. A perched water table at a depth of 0 to 1.5 feet below the soil surface during the months of December through April.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most of the Encrow soils are in mixed hardwoods and pine woodland or pasture. A few areas are used for homesites and recreation.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Louisiana. The series is of moderate extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: AUBURN, ALABAMA
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Livingston Parish, Louisiana; 1987.
REMARKS: Data from the typifying pedon by Louisiana Agricultural Experiment Station, Soil Characterization Laboratory, sample number S86LA63-39.
Diagnostic horizons and features:
Ochric Epipedon - 0 to 12 inches.
Albic Horizon - 4 to 12 inches.
Tongues of Albic into Argillic Horizon - 12 to 36 inches
Argillic Horizon - 12 to 60 inches.
Lithologic Discontinuity - 27 inches
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.