LOCATION EVANOLA NM

Established Series
TAC-TCB-RM
02/2020

EVANOLA SERIES

The Evanola series consists of very deep, well drained, moderately permeable soils that formed in moderately fine textured calcareous alluvium derived from red siltstone, shale and sandstone of Triassic age. These soils are on hillslopes, alluvial fan terraces and valley side slopes. Slope ranges from 0 to 5 percent. Mean annual precipitation is 381 mm (15 in), and mean annual temperature is 15 degrees C. (59 degrees F).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, active, thermic Ustic Calciargids

TYPICAL PEDON: Evanola sandy clay loam, on a southwest-facing, linear, 1 percent slope in rangeland at an elevation of about 1,349 m (4,424 ft). (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.)

A--0 to 15 cm (0 to 6 in); brown (7.5YR 5/4) fine sandy loam, brown (7.5YR 4/4) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable; moderately sticky and moderately plastic; many fine roots throughout; about 1 percent calcium carbonate by volume as finely disseminated carbonates throughout; slightly effervescent; slightly alkaline; clear wavy boundary. (Thickness is 10 to 30 cm [4 to 12 in].)

Btk--15 to 44 cm (6 to 17 in); reddish brown (5YR 5/4) sandy clay loam, reddish brown (5YR 4/4) moist; weak coarse prismatic parting to moderate medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable; moderately sticky and moderately plastic; many fine roots throughout; common patchy and faint clay films on ped surfaces; about 5 percent calcium carbonate by volume as medium masses; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline; gradual wavy boundary.

Btkk--44 to 90 cm (17 to 35 in); light reddish brown (5YR 6/4) clay loam, yellowish red (5YR 5/6) moist; weak coarse prismatic parting to moderate medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable; moderately sticky and moderately plastic; common fine roots throughout; common patchy and faint clay films on ped surfaces; about 55 percent calcium carbonate by volume as medium masses, medium nodules and finely disseminated carbonates throughout; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline; gradual wavy boundary.

B'tk2--90 to 144 cm (35 to 57 in); yellowish red (5YR 5/6) sandy clay loam, yellowish red (5YR 4/6) moist; moderate coarse prismatic parting to moderate medium subangular blocky structure; moderately hard, firm; moderately sticky and moderately plastic; common fine roots throughout; common patchy and distinct clay films on ped surfaces; about 27 percent calcium carbonate by volume as coarse masses, medium nodules and finely disseminated carbonates throughout; violently effervescent; strongly alkaline; gradual wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the Btk horizons is 85 to 137 cm [33 to 54 in]. )

B'tk3--144 to 203 cm (57 to 80 in); yellowish red (5YR 5/6) sandy clay loam, yellowish red (5YR 4/6) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; moderately hard, firm; moderately sticky and moderately plastic; common fine roots throughout; common patchy and distinct clay films on ped surfaces; about 26 percent calcium carbonate by volume as medium masses, medium nodules and finely disseminated carbonates throughout; violently effervescent; strongly alkaline; gradual wavy boundary.

TYPE LOCATION: Roosevelt County, New Mexico; from Melrose west 9 miles west on Highway 60 and 84 to the intersection of Highway 60 and 84 and Roosevelt County Road AS; 3 miles north on Roosevelt County Road AS to Hill Ranch Road; 7.8 miles northwest on Hill Ranch Road to ranch road; 0.75 miles west on ranch road; 25 ft north in rangeland; SE of the NW of Section 22, Township 4 N, Range 29 E. Latitude: 34 degrees, 33 minutes, 30.5 seconds N; Longitude: 103 degrees, 53 minutes, 33.3 seconds W; Peach Canyon, New Mexico USGS quad; NAD 83.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture: An aridic moisture regime bordering on ustic. The soil moisture control section is dry in some or all parts for more than 205 but less than 270 days, cumulative, in normal years. November through April are normally the driest months. These soils are intermittently moist in May through October.
Mean annual soil temperature: 15 to 17 degrees C. (59 to 63 degrees F).
Depth to secondary calcium carbonate: 13 to 50 cm (5 to 20 in.).
Depth to calcic horizon: 25 to 50 cm (10 to 20 in.).
Particle-size control section (weighted average): more than 18 percent silicate clay
Solum thickness: more than 203 cm (80 in.).

A horizon:
Hue: 5YR or 7.5YR
Value: 3 to 6, 3 to 5 moist
Chroma: 2 to 4
Texture: fine sandy loam, very fine sandy loam, loam, sandy clay loam
Effervescence: none to slight
Reaction: slightly alkaline

Bt horizon (where present):
Hue: 5YR or 7.5YR
Value: 4 to 6, 3 to 5 moist
Chroma: 2 to 4
Texture: sandy clay loam
Visible secondary carbonates: less than 2 percent by volume medium masses or finely disseminated carbonates
Effervescence: slight to strong
Reaction: slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline

Btk horizons:
Hue: 5YR to 7.5YR
Value: 5 to 7, 4 to 6 moist
Chroma: 4 to 6
Texture: sandy clay loam, clay loam
Visible secondary calcium carbonate: 5 to 50 percent by volume as masses, nodules, and finely disseminated carbonates
Calcium carbonate by weight: 3 to 40 percent
Effervescence: strong or violent
Reaction: moderately alkaline

Btkk horizons:
Hue: 5YR to 7.5YR
Value: 5 to 7, 4 to 6 moist
Chroma: 4 to 6
Texture: sandy clay loam, clay loam
Visible secondary calcium carbonate: 50 to 80 percent by volume as masses, nodules, and finely disseminated carbonates
Calcium carbonate by weight: 20 to 60 percent
Effervescence: violent
Reaction: moderately alkaline

Bk horizons (where present):
Hue: 5YR to 7.5YR
Value: 5 to 7, 4 to 6 moist
Chroma: 4 to 6
Texture: sandy clay loam, clay loam
Visible secondary calcium carbonate: 5 to 50 percent by volume as masses, nodules, and finely disseminated carbonates
Calcium carbonate by weight: 5 to 40 percent
Effervescence: strong or violent
Reaction: moderately alkaline

COMPETING SERIES: There are no series in the same family. Similar soils also include the Amarose, Berwolf and Elida series.
Amarose soils: have a calcic horizon deeper than 50cm (20 in.) from the mineral soil surface and are moist in the soil moisture control section for slightly longer periods.
Berwolf soils: have less than 18 percent silicate clay in the particle-size control section.
Elida soils: have less than 18 percent silicate clay in the soil particle control section, have a calcic horizon deeper than 50cm (20 in.) from the mineral soil surface and are moist in the soil moisture control section for slightly longer periods.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material: formed in moderately fine textured calcareous alluvium derived from red siltstone, shale and sandstone of Triassic age.
Landform: hillslopes, alluvial fan terraces and valley side slopes.
Slope: 0 to 5 percent.
Mean annual air temperature: 14 to 16 degrees C. (57 to 61 degrees F).
Mean annual precipitation: 305 to 432 mm (12 to 17 in.).
Frost-free period: 180 to 220 days.
Elevation: 1,097 to 1,615 m (3,600 to 5,300 ft).
Thornthwaite annual P-E Index Values: 22 to 26.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the similar Redona series and also the Gallen, Hassell, Kolar Montoya, Neso and Tucumcari series.
Gallen soils: are on higher landscape positions, do not have an argillic horizon and have more than 15 percent coarse fragments in the particle-size control section.
Hassell soils: are on similar landscape positions and have petrocalcic horizons.
Kolar and Neso soils: are on higher landscape positions, do not have argillic horizons and have petrocalcic horizons.
Montoya and Tucumcari soils: are on lower landscape positions and have more than 35 percent silicate clay in the particle size control section.
Redona soils: are on similar landscape positions.

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained and moderate permeability. Surface runoff is negligible on less than 1 percent slopes, very low on 1 to 3 percent slopes and low on 3 to 5 percent slopes.

USE AND VEGETATION: These soils are used primarily for rangeland. Native climax vegetation is mid and short grasses, with mid grasses tending to dominate. This site is dominated by blue grama. The remainder is mid and short grasses such as sideoats grama, sand dropseed, little bluestem, and buffalograss. Broom snakeweed, western honey mesquite, cholla and yucca are also present. This soil has been correlated to the Clay Loam (R070BY663TX) and Sandy Loam (R070BY660TX)ecological sites in MLRA-70B.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Upper Pecos River Valley (MLRA 70B in LRR G) of eastern New Mexico. The series is moderately extensive.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Temple, Texas

SERIES ESTABLISHED: MLRA-77 Soil Survey Update; Roosevelt County, New Mexico, 2016

REMARKS: These soils were previously included with the Chispa series. The Chispa series is better suited to southern New Mexico and southwest Texas within MLRA 42.

Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:

Ochric epipedon: 0 to 15 cm (0 to 6 in) A horizon.
Argillic horizon: 15 to 203 cm (6 to 80 in) Btkk and Btk horizons.
Calcic horizon: 44 to 203 cm (17 to 80 in) Btkk and Btk horizons.

ADDITIONAL DATA: NSSL - S11NM041034 (Roosevelt County, New Mexico).

Taxonomic Version: Keys to Soil Taxonomy, Eleventh Edition, 2010.

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.