LOCATION EVANSHAM VAEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, mixed, active, mesic Typic Epiaquerts
TYPICAL PEDON: Evansham silty clay loam-cultivated (colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 8 inches; black (N2/0) silty clay loam; dark gray (N4/0) dry; strong very fine and fine granular structure; friable, sticky, plastic; many fine and medium roots; less than 2 percent gravel; common cracks about 1/2 inch wide; slightly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (0 to 10 inches thick)
A1--8 to 13 inches; black (10YR 2/1) silty clay; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) dry;many fine distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) mottles; moderate coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; firm, sticky, plastic; many fine and medium roots; less than 2 percent gravel; many fine, medium and coarse clay films on faces of peds; common intersecting slickensides; common 1/4 inch cracks; neutral; clear smooth boundary.
A2--13 to 22 inches; very dark gray (N3/0) silty clay loam; common fine distinct brownish yellow (10YR 6/8) mottles; moderate coarse prismatic structure parting to strong fine and medium angular blocky; firm, sticky, plastic; many fine and medium roots; less than 2 percent gravel; many medium clay films on faces of peds; common intersecting slickensides; few cracks about 1/2 inch wide; neutral; clear wavy boundary. (The combined thickness of the A horizon ranges from 10 to 40 inches.)
Cg1--22 to 39 inches; gray (5Y 5/1) clay loam; many medium and coarse distinct light olive brown (2.5Y 5/6) mottles; massive; firm, sticky, plastic; many fine and medium roots; less than 2 percent gravel; many distinct clay flows on stress surfaces; few intersecting slickensides; few cracks about 1/4 inch wide; slightly acid; clear smooth boundary.
Cg2--39 to 63 inches; gray (5Y 5/1) clay loam; many medium distinct light olive brown (2.5Y 5/6) mottles; massive; firm, sticky, plastic; few fine and medium roots; less than 2 percent gravel; many distinct and prominent clay flows on stress surfaces; slightly acid; gradual smooth boundary.
Cg3--63 to 75 inches; dark gray (5Y 4/1) loam; massive; friable, sticky, slightly plastic; 10 percent gravel; slightly acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Wythe County, Virginia; 4430 yards northeast 38 degrees of Virginia State Police barracks and 3100 yards northwest 322 degrees of junction on Interstate 81 and U.S.52.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Depth to the C horizon ranges from 15 to 40 inches. Depth to bedrock is more than 60 inches. Rock fragments range from 0 to 5 percent in the Ap and A horizons and from 0 to 25 percent in the Cg horizons. Untilled soils have gilgai relief. Reaction ranges from slightly acid through mildly alkaline.
The Ap horizon is neutral or has hue of 10YR, value of 2 or 3, and chroma of 0 or 1. It is clay loam, silty clay loam, or silty clay.
The A horizon is neutral or has hue of 10YR through 5Y, value of 2 or 3, and chroma of 0 or 1. Mottles are in shades of red, brown, yellow, or gray. It is clay loam, silty clay loam, silty clay, or clay.
The Cg horizon is neutral or has hue of 10YR through 5Y, value of 2 through 5, and chroma of 0 through 2. It is loam, sandy loam, sandy clay loam, clay loam, silty clay loam, silty clay, or clay in the fine-earth fraction.
COMPETING SERIES: There are no soils in the same family. The Dunning, Bernard, and Hollywood series are in closely related families. Dunning soils have less than 30 percent clay in the surface, and Bernard and Hollywood soils have thermic temperature regimes.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Evansham soils are in depressions or old scour channels on flood plains. The regolith is alluvial materials weathered from limestone, shale, siltstone, and sandstone. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 36 to 46 inches, and mean annual temperature ranges from 50 to 57 degrees F.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Lindside, Nolin, Pagebrook, and Timberville series. Lindside and Nolin soils are on flood plains and Pagebrook and Timberville soils are along drainageways and on alluvial or colluvial fans. Lindside and Pagebrook soils are moderately well drained and the Nolin and Timberville soils are well drained.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Poorly drained; runoff is slow to very slow; permeability is slow; flooding is frequent and duration is long.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas are cleared and are used for pasture, corn, and hay. Native forests have water tolerant species such as sycamore, willow, and some oaks, interspaced with areas of cattails, sedges, and grasses.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Limestone valleys of Virginia, and possibly Pennsylvania, and West Virginia. The series is of small extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Morgantown, West Virginia
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Wythe County, Virginia, 1989.
REMARKS: These soils have previously been mapped in the Dunning and Hollywood series.
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
a. Mollic epipedon - the zone from 0 to 22 inches (Ap, A1, and A2 horizons).
b. Slickensides - in the zone from 8 to 39 inches (A1, A2, and Cg1 horizons).
The 10/2005 revision updates this soil to the 9th Edition of the Keys to Soil Taxonomy (2003). CEC class based on NASIS data from Augusta County, Virginia. Competing series, pedon description (including horizon nomenclature and/or descriptive terms), and other sections on the OSD were not revised.