LOCATION EVERSON WAEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Clayey over sandy or sandy-skeletal, smectitic over mixed, nonacid, mesic Aquandic Humaquepts
TYPICAL PEDON: Everson silt loam - on a 1 percent southeast facing slope in pasture at 120 feet elevation. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise noted.)
Ap--0 to 7 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) silt loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) dry; moderate coarse subangular blocky structure parting to weak medium granular; hard, friable, slightly sticky, slightly plastic; many very fine and fine roots; many very fine irregular pores; strongly acid (pH 5.5); clear smooth boundary. (6 to 9 inches thick)
Bg--7 to 19 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) silty clay, light gray (10YR 7/2) dry; many large prominent mottles of yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) dry; moderate coarse subangular blocky structure; hard, friable, sticky, plastic; many very fine roots; many very fine irregular pores; medium acid (pH 5.6); abrupt smooth boundary. (7 to 24 inches thick)
2C1--19 to 29 inches; dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) sand, light gray (2.5Y 7/2) dry; many large prominent mottles of yellowish brown (10YR 5/6), brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) dry; massive; soft, very friable, common very fine roots; many very fine irregular pores; medium acid (pH 5.8); clear smooth boundary. (8 to 25 inches thick)
2C2--29 to 40 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) sand, light gray (2.5Y 7/2) dry; many large prominent mottles of yellowish brown (10YR 5/6), brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) dry; massive; slightly hard, very friable, few very fine roots; many very fine irregular pores; 5 percent pebbles; medium acid (pH 6.0); abrupt smooth boundary. (6 to 25 inches thick)
3C3--40 to 54 inches; dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) very gravelly loamy sand, grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) dry; many medium prominent mottles of strong brown (7.5YR 5/6), reddish yellow (7.5YR 6/6) dry; massive; slightly hard, friable, very few fine roots; common very fine irregular pores; 40 percent pebbles; slightly acid (pH 6.2); abrupt smooth boundary. (0 to 22 inches thick)
4C4--54 to 62 inches; olive brown (2.5Y 4/4) gravelly sand, light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) dry; common large prominent mottles of yellowish brown (10YR 5/6), brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) dry; single grain; loose; many very fine irregular pores; 25 percent pebbles; slightly acid (pH 6.2); abrupt smooth boundary. (0 to 10 inches thick)
5C5--62 to 70 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) fine sand, light gray (2.5Y 7/2) dry; many large prominent mottles of yellowish brown (10YR 5/6), brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) dry; massive; soft, very friable, many very fine irregular pores; slightly acid (pH 6.2).
TYPE LOCATION: Whatcom County, Washington; about 1 1/2 miles southeast of Everson; 200 feet south and 100 feet east of the northwest corner of sec. 3, T. 39 N., R. 4 E.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Mean annual soil temperature is 50 to 54 degrees F. The upper part of the control section has 35 to 45 percent
clay. The lower part has 0 to 5 percent clay. The solum is 14 to 30 inches thick. By weighted average the lower part of the control section has 0 to 10 percent pebbles. Gravelly or very gravelly strata occur below 40 inches in some pedons.
The Ap horizon has value of 2 or 3 moist, 4 or 5 dry, and chroma of 1 or 2 moist and dry. Reaction is strongly acid or medium acid.
The Bg horizon has hue of 10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y, value of 4 through 6 moist, 7 or 8 dry, and chroma of 1 or 2 moist and dry. It is silty clay, silty clay loam, clay loam or clay.
The C horizon has hue of 2.5Y or 5Y, value of 4 or 5 moist, 5 through 7 dry, and chroma of 2 through 4 moist and dry. The fine earth fraction is loamy sand or sand. The weighted average of rock fragments ranges from 0 to 15 percent, although individual subhorizons contain up to 45 percent pebbles. Mottles have hue of 7.5YR or 10YR. Reaction is medium acid or slightly acid.
COMPETING SERIES: This is the similar Bellingham series. Bellingham soils are in a fine family.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Everson soils are in depressions on outwash terraces at elevations of 50 to 300 feet. Slopes are 0 to 2 percent. The soils formed in alluvium or lacustrine deposits over glacial outwash. Everson soils are in a marine climate with warm dry summers and cool moist winters. Annual precipitation is 35 to 55 inches, which falls mostly between October and May. Each of the summer months has a least one Everson Series inch of rainfall. Mean January temperature is 36 degrees F.; mean July temperature is 62 degrees F. The mean annual temperature is 50 degrees F. The frost-free season is 150 to 200 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Edmonds, Hale, Laxton, Tromp, and the competing Bellingham soils. Edmonds soils have a spodic horizon. Hale soils are coarse-loamy in the upper part of the control section. Laxton soils are well drained and medial in the upper part of the control section. Tromp soils are moderately well drained and medial in the upper part of the control section.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Poorly drained; very slow runoff; slow permeability in the solum, rapid in the substratum. An apparent water table is as high as 0 to 1 foot from November through April unless drained.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most is drained and used for cropland. Grass- legume pasture and hay are common crops. Native vegetation is red alder, western hemlock, Douglas-fir, bigleaf maple, and western redcedar with an undergrowth of western swordfern, salmonberry, red huckleberry, western brackenfern, trailing blackberry and sweetscented bedstraw.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Northwestern Washington. The series is of small extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Portland, Oregon
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Whatcom County, Washington, 1945.
REMARKS: Classification only changed 4/94 because of recent amendments to Soil Taxonomy. Estimated glass content of >5 percent and acid-oxalate extract of >0.4 percent.