LOCATION FENDALL OR

Established Series
Rev. TDT/JAS/RWL
06/2011

FENDALL SERIES

The Fendall series consists of moderately deep, well drained soils formed in colluvium and residuum weathered from sedimentary rock. They are on coastal hills, mountains, and old dissected marine terraces. Slopes are 3 to 85 percent. The mean annual precipitation is 70 inches and the mean annual temperature is 51 degrees F.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, isotic, isomesic Andic Humudepts

TYPICAL PEDON: Fendall gravelly clay loam, forested. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise noted.)

Oi--0 to 1 inch; slightly decomposed litter of leaves and needles.

A--1 to 5 inches; black (10YR 2/1) gravelly clay loam, very dark gray (10YR 3/1) dry; strong very fine granular structure; very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; weakly smeary; many roots; many very fine and fine irregular pores; 20 percent fine gravel; very strongly acid (pH 5.0); abrupt smooth boundary. (3 to 13 inches thick)

AB--5 to 14 inches; very dark brown (10YR 2/2) clay loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) dry; few brown peds; strong fine angular and very fine subangular blocky structure; friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; weakly smeary; many roots; many fine irregular pores; 5 percent fine gravel; very strongly acid (pH 4.8); abrupt smooth boundary. (0 to 14 inches thick)

Bw--14 to 22 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) clay, light yellowish brown and yellowish brown (10YR 6/4, 5/4) dry; few thin darker colored coatings; moderate fine and very fine subangular blocky structure; friable, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; few roots; common very fine tubular pores;5 percent gravel; very strongly acid (pH 4.6); gradual wavy boundary. (4 to 22 inches thick)

BC--22 to 32 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4, 5/8) and yellowish red (5YR 3/6) very paragravelly clay, yellow (10YR 7/6, 7/8) dry; weak fine subangular blocky structure; friable, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; few thin coatings on shale fragments; few roots; few very fine tubular pores; 40 percent partially weathered shale gravel; very strongly acid (pH 4.5); clear wavy boundary. (0 to 12 inches thick)

2Cr--32 inches; fractured yellowish brown partially weathered shale with a few roots in the fractures in the upper 3 inches.

TYPE LOCATION: Lincoln County, Oregon; 3 miles south of Waldport; near road cut on the north side at the junction of the second private road to the right with the Alder Grove Cemetery road, in the northeast 1/4 northeast 1/4 southeast 1/4, sec. 32, T. 13 S., R. 11 W.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The mean annual soil temperature is 48 to 53 degrees F. The difference between mean summer and mean winter soil temperature varies from 5 to 9 degrees F. under canopy cover. The soil is usually moist and is dry for less than 45 consecutive days during the summer. Depth to a paralithic contact and solum thickness is 20 to 40 inches. The umbric epipedon is 10 to 20 inches thick. Andic soil properties, when present, do not extend beyond 14 inches. Rock fragments in the solum range from 0 to 25 percent. The particle-size control section has more than 35 percent clay.

The A horizon has hue of 10YR or 7.5YR, value of 2 or 3 moist, 3 to 5 dry, and chroma of through 3 moist and dry. The apparent field texture is commonly clay loam but ranges to silt loam or medial silt loam. It has an estimated Alox + Feox of 2.0 to 3.0 percent and a moist bulk density of 0.75 to 1.0 g/cc. Clay content is 20 to 30 percent.

The AB horizon, when present, has color similar to the A horizon. The apparent field texture is clay loam or silt loam. It has an estimated Alox + Feox of 1.0 to 3.0 percent and a moist bulk density of 0.90 to 1.0 g/cc. Clay content is 20 to 30 percent.

The Bw horizon, or Bw1 horizon when present, has hue of 10YR or 7.5YR, value of 3 through 5 moist, 5 or 6 dry, and chroma of 3 to 6. Texture is clay, silty clay, or silty clay loam with 30 to 50 percent clay.

The Bw2 or BC horizon, when present, has hue of 10YR or 7.5YR, value of 4 or 5 moist, 5 or 6 dry and chroma of 3 through 6 moist and dry. It has variegated colors in some pedons. Texture is clay or silty clay with 30 to 50 percent clay and 0 to 50 percent paragravel.

COMPETING SERIES: These are the Munsoncreek (T) and Willaby series. Munsoncreek soils paralithic contact (siltstone) at 40 to 60 inches; umbric epipedon is 15 to 35 inches thick. Willaby soils more than 60 inches deep to bedrock; 40 to 60 inches to a 2C horizon with 60 to 90 percent subangular and rounded rock fragments of glacial till origin.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Fendall soils are on ridges and side slopes on coastal hills, mountains, and dissected marine terraces at elevations of 50 to 800 feet. Slopes range from 3 to 85 percent. The soils formed in fine textured colluvium and residuum derived from sedimentary rock. Winters are cool and wet and summers are cool and moist. The mean annual precipitation is 60 to 110 inches with a high proportion of low cloud and foggy days. The mean January temperature is 44 degrees F. and the mean July temperature is 58 degrees F. The mean annual temperature is 46 to 52 degrees F. The frost-free period is 145 to 225 days.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the competing Munsoncreek soils and the Templeton, Tolovana and Winema soils. All of these soils are more than 40 inches deep to bedrock and occur on coastal hills. Templeton soils average less than 35 percent clay in the texture control section. Tolovana soils are medial over loamy. Winema soils are medial over clayey.

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained; moderately slow permeability.

USE AND VEGETATION: These soils are used for timber production and water supply. The native vegetation dominantly is Sitka spruce, Douglas-fir, western hemlock, western redcedar and red alder. Common understory communities are salal-swordfern or salmonberry-swordfern.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Coastal areas in Oregon; MLRA 4A. The series is not extensive.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Portland, Oregon

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Lincoln County, Oregon, 1974.

REMARKS: Diagnostic features in this pedon include:
Umbric epipedon - from 1 to 14 inches (A and AB horizons).
Cambic horizon - from 14 to 22 inches (Bw horizon).
Andic subgroup feature - the zone from 1 to 14 inches (A and AB horizons) which is assumed not to have andic soil properties based on a moist bulk density of greater than 0.9 g/cc.

A proposal was submitted to NSSC (2000) to revise the definition of medial to also include those soil properties qualifying for the Andic subgroup under criteria #1 for andic soil properties. If accepted, medial modifiers would be used for those horizons meeting the andic subgroup criteria although not always meeting andic soil properties.

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.