LOCATION FINLEY                  WA

Established Series
Rev. ARH/KDPL/SBC
12/2022

FINLEY SERIES

Landscape--valleys
Landform--alluvial fans, outwash terraces
Slope--0 to 50 percent
Parent material--gravelly alluvium mixed with loess in upper part
Mean annual precipitation--about 180 mm
Mean annual air temperature--about 10 degrees C
Depth class--very deep
Drainage class--well drained
Soil moisture regime--aridic
Soil temperature regime--mesic
Soil moisture subclass--xeric

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy-skeletal, mixed, superactive, mesic Xeric Haplocambids

TYPICAL PEDON: Finley fine sandy loam in an area of rangeland

A--0 to 8 cm; very fine sandy loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; weak fine granular structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; many fine roots; slightly alkaline (pH 7.8); abrupt smooth boundary

AB--8 to 33 cm; fine sandy loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; massive; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; common fine roots; slightly alkaline (pH 7.8); clear wavy boundary

Bw--33 to 56 cm; extremely gravelly loam, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) dry, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) moist; massive; soft, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few fine roots; common fine pores; 60 percent gravel; silica and lime coatings on underside of some rock fragments; slightly alkaline (pH 7.8); abrupt wavy boundary

Bk--56 to 71 cm; extremely gravelly loam, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) dry, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) moist; massive; soft, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few fine roots; 80 percent gravel, cobbles, and stones; strongly effervescent; silica and lime coatings on underside of some rock fragments; moderately alkaline (pH 8.0); clear wavy boundary

2C--71 to 150 cm; multicolored extremely gravelly sand; single grain; loose, nonsticky and nonplastic; 60 percent gravel and 20 percent cobbles; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.0)

TYPE LOCATION: Benton County, Washington, about 15 m east of Nine Canyon Road and 90 m south of Teril Road; in the NW1/4SW1/4 of section 27, T. 8 N., R. 30 E., Willamette Meridian; latitude 46.144787, longitude -199.051811, datum WGS 84 (coordinates estimated from PLSS details)

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Mean annual soil temperature--10 to 13 degrees C
Soil moisture--usually dry in all parts between depths of 20 and 60 cm
Depth to carbonates--30 to 100 cm or more
Depth to 2C horizon--50 to 100 cm
Clay content in particle-size control section--averages 4 to 10 percent
Rock fragment content in particle-size control section--averages 35 to 75 percent
Organic matter content--less than 1 percent in upper 20 cm, after mixing

A horizon
Value--5 to 7 dry, 3 or 4 moist
Chroma--2 to 4 dry or moist
Rock fragment content--0 to 15 percent, dominantly basalt
Reaction--6.6 to 7.8
Thickness--5 to 15 cm

AB horizon
Thickness--0 to 30 cm

Bw horizon
Value--4 to 7 dry, 3 or 4 moist
Chroma--2 to 4 dry or moist
Texture of fine-earth fraction--loam, very fine sandy loam, fine sandy loam, sandy loam
Rock fragment content--10 to 75 percent, dominantly basalt
Reaction--6.6 to 8.4
Thickness--20 to 46 cm

Bk horizon (where present)
Hue--10YR, 2.5Y
Value--4 to 7 dry, 3 or 4 moist
Chroma--2 or 3 dry or moist
Texture of fine-earth fraction--loam, fine sandy loam, very fine sandy loam, sandy loam
Rock fragment content--35 to 75 percent, dominantly basalt
Thickness--0 to 36 cm

2C horizon
Texture of fine-earth fraction--sand, coarse sand, loamy sand
Rock fragment content--40 to 75 percent, dominantly basalt

COMPETING SERIES:
Cewat--50 to 100 cm (moderately deep) to a lithic contact (basalt)
Darkcanyon--50 to 100 cm (moderately deep) to a lithic contact (schist)
Drinkwater--20 to 35 percent clay in particle-size control section; no sandy C horizon
Lonegrave--50 to 100 cm (moderately deep) to a lithic contact (igneous rock)
Kiona--no discontinuity that has sand texture below
Minat, Wifton--no discontinuity that has sand texture below; mean annual soil temperature of 8 to 10 degrees C
Nibbs--15 to 25 percent clay in Bw horizon; mean annual soil temperature of 8 to 9 degrees C
Veet--no discontinuity that has sand texture below; no lime and silica coatings on underside of rock fragments in Bw horizon
Veta--no discontinuity that has sand texture below

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Elevation--90 to 700 m
Climate--arid; hot, dry summers; cool, moist winters
Mean annual precipitation-150 to 250 mm
Mean January air temperature--about -2 degrees C
Mean July air temperature--about 22 degrees C
Mean annual air temperature--about 9 to 12 degrees C
Frost-free season--135 to 200 days

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
Burbank--on terraces; sandy-skeletal
Ephrata, Neppel--on terraces; coarse-loamy over sandy or sandy-skeletal
Scooteney--on terraces; coarse-loamy

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Drainage class--well drained
Saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat)--high in upper part, very high in lower part

USE AND VEGETATION:
Use--irrigated crop production, livestock grazing
Common crops--winter wheat, grapes, mint, corn, alfalfa hay, pasture
Native vegetation--bluebunch wheatgrass, needle and thread, Thurber needlegrass, Sandberg bluegrass, Cusick's bluegrass, Wyoming big sagebrush

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Central Washington; MLRAs 7 and 8; moderate extent

SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (SSRO) RESPONSIBLE: Portland, Oregon

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Benton County, Washington; 1975

REMARKS:
Diagnostic horizons and other features recognized in this pedon
*Ochric epipedon
*Cambic horizon--zone from 8 to 56 cm
*Secondary carbonates--zone from 56 to 71 cm; less than 5 percent more (absolute) than zone from 71 to 150 cm horizon

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.