LOCATION FLATROCK OH

Established Series
Rev. MMF-TDG-RMG-RAR
11/2021

FLATROCK SERIES

The Flatrock series consists of very deep, moderately well drained soils formed in loamy recent alluvium on flood plains. Slope ranges from 0 to 2 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 914 mm (36 inches), and mean annual air temperature is about 11 degrees C (51 degrees F).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, active, mesic Fluvaquentic Eutrudepts

TYPICAL PEDON: Flatrock silt loam, on a 1 percent slope in a cultivated field at an elevation of 219 meters (720 feet) above mean sea level. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)

Ap--0 to 33 cm (0 to 13 inches); brown (10YR 4/3) silt loam, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) dry; weak medium subangular blocky structure parting to moderate fine and medium granular; friable; few fine roots; common faint dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) organic coatings on faces of peds and in worm channels; neutral; clear smooth boundary. [18 to 36 cm (7 to 14 inches) thick]

Bw1--33 to 46 cm (13 to 18 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silt loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine roots; many brown (10YR 4/3) worm casts; few faint brown (10YR 5/3) coatings on vertical faces of peds; few fine faint dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) masses of iron accumulation in the matrix; few fine distinct very dark gray (10YR 3/1) masses of iron and manganese accumulation in the matrix; slightly acid; gradual wavy boundary.

Bw2--46 to 76 cm (18 to 30 inches); dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; firm; few fine roots; common distinct brown (10YR 5/3) and light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) coatings on vertical faces of peds; few fine distinct grayish brown (10YR 5/2) and common fine faint brown (10YR 5/3) iron depletions in the matrix; few fine distinct black (10YR 2/1) masses of iron and manganese accumulation in the matrix; neutral; gradual wavy boundary.

Bw3--76 to 112 cm (30 to 44 inches); dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) loam; weak and moderate medium subangular blocky structure; firm; few fine roots; few distinct dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) coatings on vertical faces of peds; few medium distinct light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions in the matrix; common medium faint yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) masses of iron accumulation in the matrix; many medium distinct black (10YR 2/1) masses of iron and manganese accumulation on faces of peds; neutral; gradual wavy boundary. [Combined thickness of the Bw horizon is 38 to 114 cm (15 to 45 inches).]

C--112 to 203 cm (44 to 80 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) loam with thin strata of silt loam and fine sandy loam; massive; friable; common medium distinct grayish brown (10YR 5/2) iron depletions in the matrix; common medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation in the matrix; common medium distinct black (10YR 2/1) masses of iron and manganese accumulation on faces of peds; neutral.

TYPE LOCATION: Paulding County, Ohio; approximately 1.7 miles southwest of the village of Paulding, in Paulding Township; about 1450 feet east and 1450 feet north of the southwest corner of sec. 14, T. 2 N., R. 2 E.; USGS Paulding, Ohio topographic quadrangle; lat. 41 degrees 07 minutes 31 seconds N. and long. 84 degrees 36 minutes 26 seconds W., NAD 27.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Thickness of the solum: 61 to 140 cm (24 to 55 inches)
Depth to carbonates: 102 to more than 203 cm (40 to over 80 inches)
Rock fragments: limestone, dolostone, and crystalline lithology

Ap horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 3 to 5 (6 or more dry)
Chroma: 2 or 3
Texture: silt loam or loam
Rock fragment content: 0 to 5 percent
Reaction: moderately acid to neutral

A horizon, where present:
Thickness: 5 to 15 cm (2 to 6 inches)
Hue: 10YR
Value: 2 or 3
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: silt loam or loam
Rock fragment content: 0 to 5 percent
Reaction: moderately acid to neutral

Bw horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 2 to 4
Texture: mainly silt loam, silty clay loam, or loam, but thin subhorizons of clay loam or fine sandy loam are allowed
Rock fragment content: 0 to 5 percent
Reaction: slightly acid to slightly alkaline, but at least one subhorizon is neutral or slightly alkaline

C or Cg horizon:
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 1 to 4
Texture: loam, silt loam, silty clay loam, clay loam, sandy loam, coarse sandy loam, or fine sandy loam; commonly stratified
Rock fragment content: 0 to 14 percent
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 0 to 20 percent
Reaction: neutral to moderately alkaline

Limestone substratum phase:
Depth to lithic contact: 152 to 203 cm (60 and 80 inches)

COMPETING SERIES: These are the Lobdell and Weaver series. In addition, the Eel series is in a closely related family. Lobdell soils have rock fragments that are predominantly of sandstone, siltstone, or shale lithology. Weaver soils have a lithic contact within a depth of 152 cm (60 inches). Eel soils are in the superactive cation-exchange activity class and have carbonates within a depth of 102 cm (40 inches).

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: The Flatrock soils are on flood plains along streams in areas of Wisconsin glaciation. Slope ranges from 0 to 2 percent. The soils formed in recent alluvium washed mainly from areas of calcareous loamy drift or lacustrine sediments. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 686 to 1067 mm (27 to 42 inches). Mean annual air temperature ranges from 7 to 13 degrees C (45 to 55 degrees F). Frost-free period is 140 to 180 days. Elevation is 152 to 274 meters (500 to 900 feet) above mean sea level.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Defiance, Knoxdale, Medway, Rossburg, Shoals, Sloan, and Wabasha soils. The somewhat poorly drained Defiance and Shoals soils and the very poorly drained Sloan and Wabasha soils are on flats and in depressions and abandoned meanders. The well drained Knoxdale soil is a member of the same drainage sequence and occupies higher or better drained landscape positions. The moderately well drained Medway soils and the well drained Rossburg soils have a mollic epipedon and are on similar landscape positions along major rivers and streams.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Moderately well drained. The depth to the top of an intermittent apparent high water table ranges from 30 to 61 cm (1 to 2 feet) between December and April in normal years. The potential for surface runoff is negligible or very low. Saturated hydraulic conductivity is moderately high in the subsoil and high in the substratum. Permeability is moderate in the subsoil and moderate or moderately rapid in the substratum.

USE AND VEGETATION: A large portion is under cultivation. Principal crops are corn, soybeans, hay, and wheat. Some areas, especially along frequently flooded streams, are in woodland or brushland. Native vegetation is deciduous forest, principally ash, elm, hickory, hackberry, oak and sycamore.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: MLRA 99 in northwestern Ohio and in MLRA 111B in west-central Ohio, and possibly in southern Michigan and northeastern Indiana. The series is of small extent.

SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (SSRO) RESPONSIBLE: AMHERST, MASSACHUSETTS

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Paulding County, Ohio, 1992.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon: from the surface to a depth of 33 cm (Ap horizon).
Cambic horizon: from a depth of 33 to 112 cm (Bw horizon).
Aquic conditions: iron depletions in all horizons below a depth of 46 cm.

A limestone substratum phase is recognized.

The Flatrock series is currently being separated from the Eel series during MLRA 99 and 111B modernization projects in Ohio. The Flatrock soils were correlated as cambic taxadjuncts to the Eel series during the original surveys in Ohio.

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.