LOCATION FRIDLO UT+IDEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-silty, mixed, superactive, mesic Typic Natrixerolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Fridlo silt loam--irrigated cropland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.)
Ap--0 to 6 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) silt loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; moderate medium granular structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few large and many fine roots; few fine pores; slightly effervescent; strongly alkaline (pH 9.0); clear smooth boundary. (6 or 7 inches thick)
A--6 to 9 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) silt loam, dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; weak medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few large and many fine roots; few fine pores; strongly alkaline (pH 8.8); gradual wavy boundary. (3 to 5 inches thick)
Btn1--9 to 15 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) silt loam, dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; weak medium prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; hard, firm, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few large and many fine roots; common fine pores; few distinct clay films on faces of peds; strongly alkaline (pH 9.0); gradual wavy boundary. (5 to 12 inches thick)
Btn2--15 to 21 inches; pale brown (10YR 6/3) silty clay loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; weak medium prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; very hard, firm, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; few large and medium roots; few medium and fine pores; few distinct clay films on faces of peds; slightly effervescent; very strongly alkaline (pH 9.4); clear wavy boundary. (6 to 11 inches thick)
Btkn--21 to 29 inches; very pale brown (10YR 7/3) silt loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) moist; weak medium subangular blocky structure; extremely hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few fine and very fine roots; few fine pores; few faint clay films and few organic coats on faces of peds; violently effervescent; 25 percent calcium carbonate equivalent; very strongly alkaline (pH 9.5); abrupt smooth boundary. (0 to 15 inches thick)
Bkn--29 to 43 inches; light gray (10YR 7/2) silty clay loam, brown (10YR 5/3) moist; massive; very hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few fine roots; violently effervescent; 23 percent calcium carbonate equivalent; very strongly alkaline (pH 9.2); clear wavy boundary. (10 to 30 inches thick)
C--43 to 60 inches; very pale brown (10YR 8/2) silty clay loam, light gray (10YR 7/1) moist; massive; very hard, firm, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; few fine distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation; violently effervescent; strongly alkaline (pH 9.0).
TYPE LOCATION: Box Elder County, Utah; about 1.3 miles southwest of Howell in Blue Creek Valley; approximately 400 feet north and 1,050 feet west of the southeast corner of section 7, T. 12 N., R. 5 W.; USGS Howell 7.5 minute topographic quadrangle; 41 degrees 46 minutes 54 seconds north latitude and 112 degrees 27 minutes 31 seconds west longitude, NAD83; UTM zone 12N 378785E, 4626571N, NAD83.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture - These soils are moist in the moisture control section for 60 to 90 consecutive days during the winter months and are moist in parts of the moisture control section more than one half of the time during the period the soil temperature is above 41 degrees F.; continually dry for 60 to 90 consecutive days in most years during the summer months; Xeric moisture regime that borders on aridic.
Mean annual soil temperature - 49 to 54 degrees F.
Mean summer soil temperature - about 72 degrees F.
Mollic epipedon thickness - 13 to 20 inches, includes the Btn1 horizon.
Depth to calcic horizon - 20 to 35 inches.
Particle-size control section - Clay content: Averages 24 to 32 percent.
Ap and A horizons - Value: 4 or 5 dry, 2 or 3 moist.
Chroma: 1 through 3, dry or moist.
Reaction: Slightly alkaline through strongly alkaline.
Effervescence: Noneffervescent or slightly effervescent.
Organic matter content: 1 to 5 percent.
Btn horizons - Value: 5 or 6 dry, 2 through 5 moist.
Chroma: 2 or 3, dry or moist.
Texture: Silt loam or silty clay loam.
Clay content: 20 to 35 percent.
Structure: Weak or moderate, medium or coarse prismatic or subangular blocky.
Effervescence: Noneffervescent or slightly effervescent.
Reaction: Moderately alkaline through very strongly alkaline (up to pH 9.6).
Salinity (EC): 4 to 30 mmhos/cm.
Sodicity (SAR): 13 to 50.
Exchangeable sodium: 15 to 46 percent.
Other features: Few to many, faint or distinct clay films on faces of peds.
Btkn horizon - Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y.
Value: 6 or 7 dry, 4 or 5 moist.
Chroma: 1 through 4, dry or moist.
Texture: Silt loam or silty clay loam.
Reaction: Moderately alkaline through very strongly alkaline (up to pH 9.6).
Salinity (EC): 4 to 20 mmhos/cm.
Sodicity (SAR): 13 to 50.
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 15 to 40 percent.
Bkn horizon - Hue: 7.5YR through 2.5Y.
Value: 6 through 8 dry, 4 through 6 moist.
Chroma: 2 or 3, dry or moist.
Texture: Silt loam or silty clay loam.
Reaction: Moderately alkaline through very strongly alkaline (up to pH 9.6).
Salinity (EC): 4 to 20 mmhos/cm.
Sodicity (SAR): 13 to 50.
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 10 to 40 percent.
C horizon - Hue: 7.5YR through 2.5Y.
Value: 7 or 8 dry, 5 through 7 moist.
Chroma: 1 through 3, dry or moist.
Texture: Silt loam or silty clay loam.
Reaction: Moderately alkaline through very strongly alkaline (up to pH 9.6).
Other features: Some pedons have texture of sandy loam or fine sandy loam below depths of 36 inches.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Hatwai and Spofford series. These soils do not have calcic horizons.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Fridlo soils are on low lake terraces and fan remnants with east, south, and west aspect. These soils formed in lacustrine deposits or alluvium derived from mixed sedimentary rocks. Slopes are 0 to 4 percent. Elevations range from 4,200 to 5,000 feet. The climate is dry subhumid. The mean annual precipitation is 12 to 16 inches, the mean annual temperature is 45 to 52 degrees F., and the frost-free period is 100 to 150 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Hansel, Lasil, and Stokes soils. Hansel soils have ochric epipedons and do not have natric horizons. Lasil soils have ochric epipedons. Stokes soils are fine textured and have ochric epipedons.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Moderately well drained; medium surface runoff; moderately slow or slow permeability (moderately low or moderately high saturated hydraulic conductivity). Endosaturation is present with an apparent seasonal high water table between 2.5 and 4.2 feet (moderately deep and deep free water occurrence classes) between April and September. Cumulative annual duration class is Common.
USE AND VEGETATION: About 80 percent of the acreage of Fridlo soils are used for irrigated cropland and 20 percent is used for dry cropland. The native vegetation was black greasewood, inland saltgrass, and alkali sacaton. In Utah this series is correlated with Alkali Bottom range sites.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Northwestern Utah and southeastern Idaho. These soils are moderately extensive. MLRA 28A.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Phoenix, Arizona.
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Box Elder County, Utah, Eastern Part, 1969.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Mollic epipedon - The zone from the soil surface to 15 inches (Ap, A, and Btn1 horizons).
Natric horizon - The zone from 9 to 21 inches (Btn1 and Btn2 horizons).
Calcic horizon - The zone from 21 to 43 inches (Btkn and Bkn horizons).
Endosaturation feature - The condition of ground water with an upper boundary between 30 and 50 inches at certain times during normal years (parts of the Bkn and C horizons).
Particle-size control section - The zone from 9 to 21 inches (Btn1 and Btn2 horizons).
The superactive cation exchange activity class was added in 03/2003 to the taxonomic classification by the National Soil Survey Center on request of the Reno MLRA office. USU lab data validates the activity class.
ADDITIONAL DATA: The typical pedon at the series type location has partial characterization data by the Soils Laboratory from Utah State University (USU) Logan, UT and is published on pages 208-209, Table 9 of the Soil Survey of Box Elder County, Utah, Eastern Part. The pH values in the typical pedon are from a 1:5 soil-water dilution.