LOCATION FRIEDMAN IDEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Clayey-skeletal, smectitic Pachic Argicryolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Friedman cobbly loam--on a 59 percent north-facing slope at an elevation of 6,150 feet in rangeland. When described on May 14, l979, the soil was moist throughout. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated.)
A1--0 to 5 inches; dark brown (10YR 3/3) cobbly loam, very dark brown (10YR 2/2) moist; moderate fine granular structure; soft, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine through coarse roots; many very fine and fine irregular pores; 5 percent gravel and 10 percent cobbles; neutral (pH 6.8); gradual wavy boundary. (3 to 8 inches thick)
A2--5 to 17 inches; dark brown (10YR 3/3) gravelly loam, very dark brown (10YR 2/2) moist; moderate fine granular structure; hard, firm, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine through coarse roots; many very fine and fine irregular pores; 15 percent gravel and 5 percent cobbles; neutral (pH 6.8); gradual wavy boundary. (9 to
16 inches thick)
BA--17 to 24 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) gravelly clay loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; hard, firm, moderatley sticky and moderately plastic; common very fine through coarse roots; many very fine and fine tubular pores; few thin clay films on faces of peds; 20 percent gravel and 10 percent cobbles; slightly acid (pH 6.4); clear wavy boundary. (0 to 9 inches thick)
Bt1--24 to 36 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) very gravelly clay, dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; strong fine and medium angular blocky structure; hard, firm, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; common very fine through coarse roots; common very fine and fine tubular pores; common distinct clay films on faces of peds; 35 percent gravel and 10 percent cobbles; neutral (pH 6.8); clear wavy boundary. (10 to 16 inches thick)
Bt2--36 to 47 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) very gravelly clay loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 3/4) moist; strong fine and medium subangular blocky structure; hard, firm, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; few very fine, fine and medium roots; common very fine and fine tubular pores; common distinct clay films on faces of peds; 30 percent gravel and 5 percent cobbles; slightly acid (pH 6.8); abrupt wavy boundary. (9 to 14 inches thick)
Bt3--47 to 54 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) very gravelly sandy clay loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 3/6) moist; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; hard, firm, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; few very fine and fine roots; few very fine and fine tubular pores; few faint clay films on faces of peds; 25 percent gravel and 15 percent cobbles; neutral (pH 7.0); diffuse irregular boundary. (6 to 12 inches thick)
2R--54 inches; weathered latite or welded tuff bedrock
TYPE LOCATION: Blaine County, Idaho; about 5 1/2 miles north and 2 1/2 miles west of Carey; about 1,000 feet east and 800 feet south from the northwest corner of sec. 14, T. 1 N., R. 21 E.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Mollic epipedon thickness - 16 to 40 inches
Depth to bedrock - 40 to more than 60 inches
Average annual soil temperature - 37 to 43 degrees F
Average summer soil temperature - 54 to 59 degrees F
Depth to the top of argillic horizon - 16 to 24 inches
Depth to base of argillic horizon - 42 to 60 inches
Soil profile reaction - slightly acid to neutral
Xeric soil moisture regime
A horizon
Value - 3 through 5 dry, 2 or 3 moist
Chroma - 1 through 3 dry or moist
Clay content - 16 to 25 percent
BA or AB horizon
Value - 3 through 5 dry, 2 or 3 moist
Chroma - 1 through 3 dry or moist
Textures - CB-L, CBV-L, GR-CL, GR-L, GRV-L
Clay content - 16 to 30 percent
Rock fragments - 15 to 40 percent
Bt1 & Bt2 horizons
Hue - 10YR, 7.5YR and 2.5Y
Value - 4 through 6 dry, 3 or 4 moist
Chroma - 2 through 4 dry or moist
Textures - GRV-CL, CBV-CL, GRV-C, and CBV-C
Clay content - 35 to 60 percent
Rock fragments - 35 to 60 percent
Bt3 and Bt4 horizon
Hue - 10YR, 7.5YR, and 2.5Y
Value - 4 through 6 dry, 3 or 4 moist
Chroma - 2 through 6 dry or moist
Textures - GR-SCL, GRV-SCL, GR-SL, GRV-C, GRX-C, STV-C
Clay content - 15 to 25 percent
Rock fragments - range from 20 to 80 percent
COMPETING SERIES: These are the
Castino,
Doughspon,
Hamtah, Percoun, Urwill, and
Winnemucca series. Castino and Percoun soils have bedrock between 20 and 40 inches. Doughspon soils do not have a xeric moisture regime. Hamtah soils have average annual soil temperature warmer than 43 degrees F, have slightly alkaline reaction in the Bt3 horizons and have much of the original rock structure in the lower Bt horizon. Urwill soils formed in less than 16 inches of
precipitation and have a dry color value of 6 in the surface layer. Winnemucca soils are 24 to 42 inches deep to the base of the argillic horizon and developed in 25 to 30 inches of precipitation.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Friedman soils occur on glacial moraines, foothills and mountains and have slopes that range from 5 to 60 percent. Elevation ranges from 5,000 to 9,500 feet. The soils formed in slope alluvium and colluvium from mixed volcanic materials. The average annual soil temperature ranges from 36 to 41 degrees F. The average annual precipitation ranges from 16 to 22 inches. The frost-free period is less than 60 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Elksel, Muldoon, Peevywell, Smelter, Starhope, and Winridge soils. Elksel soils have base saturation of 50 to 75 percent in the upper 75cm of the soil. Muldoon soils have less than 35 percent rock fragments in the control section and are deep to a duripan. Peevywell are moderately deep to a duripan. Smelter soils have less than 35 percent rock fragments in the control section. Starhope soils are moderately deep to bedrock and have more than 35 percent clay in the control section. Winridge soils are moderately deep to bedrock. Elksel, Smelter, Starhope, and Winridge soils occur on the same landscape. Muldoon and Peevywell soils occur on fan terraces.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained; medium to very rapid runoff; permeability is slow.
USE AND VEGETATION: These soils are used for rangeland and wildlife habitat. Potential natural plant community includes mountain big sagebrush, snowberry, Idaho fescue, and bluebunch wheatgrass.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: The series is of moderate extent in east central and south central Idaho.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Portland, Oregon
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Blaine County, Idaho, 1985.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Mollic epipedon occurs from the soil surface to approximately 36 inches (A1, A2, BA, and Bt1 horizons)
Argillic - the zone from approximately 24 to 54 inches (Bt1, Bt2, and Bt3 horizons)
Particle-size control section - the zone from 24 to 44 inches (Bt, and part of Bt2 horizons)