LOCATION GABRIEL MOEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-silty, mixed, superactive, mesic Typic Argiaquolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Gabriel silt loam - on a slightly undulating high flood plain of 1 percent slope in mixed cool season grasses, sedges, and wheat stubble at an elevation of 740 feet. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 6 inches; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) silt loam; gray (10YR 5/1) dry; weak fine granular structure; friable; common fine and very fine roots throughout; common fine and very fine pores with moderate continuity; slightly acid; abrupt smooth boundary
A--6 to 14 inches; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) silt loam; gray (10YR 5/1) dry; weak fine granular structure; friable; few fine and very fine roots throughout; common fine and very fine pores with moderate continuity; common fine distinct dark yellowish brown (10YR 3/4) irregular masses of iron accumulation throughout; slightly acid; clear smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of the Ap and A horizons is 9 to 30 inches.)
Btg1--14 to 20 inches; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) silt loam; gray (10YR 5/1) dry; weak fine subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine and very fine roots throughout; few fine and very fine pores with moderate continuity; few faint discontinuous clay films on faces of peds; common fine distinct dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) irregular masses of iron accumulation throughout; few distinct clay depletions on faces of peds; moderately acid; clear smooth boundary.
Btg2--20 to 29 inches; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) silty clay loam; gray (10YR 5/1) dry; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; firm; few fine and very fine roots throughout; few very fine pores with low continuity; few faint continuous clay films on faces of peds; common fine distinct dark yellowish brown (10YR 3/4) irregular masses of iron accumulation throughout; few faint clay depletions on faces of peds and in root channels; strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary.
Btg3--29 to 37 inches; dark gray (10YR 4/1) silty clay loam; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; firm; few very fine pores with low continuity; few faint continuous clay films on faces of peds; few medium distinct dark yellowish brown (10YR 3/4) irregular masses of iron accumulation throughout; few fine faint black (10YR 2/1) manganese concentrations; few faint clay depletions on faces of peds; moderately acid; gradual smooth boundary.
Btg4--37 to 46 inches; dark gray (10YR 4/1) silty clay loam; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; firm; few very fine pores with low continuity; few faint continuous clay films on faces of peds; common medium distinct dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) irregular masses of iron accumulation throughout; few fine faint black (10YR 2/1) manganese concentrations; few faint clay depletions on faces of peds; moderately acid; clear smooth boundary.
Btg5--46 to 55 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silty clay loam; weak fine subangular blocky structure; firm; few very fine pores with low continuity; few faint continuous clay films on faces of peds; common medium prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) and dark yellowish brown (10YR 3/4) irregular masses of iron accumulation throughout; moderately acid; gradual smooth boundary.
Btg6--55 to 67 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silty clay loam; weak fine subangular blocky structure; firm; few very fine pores with low continuity; few faint continuous clay films on faces of peds; common medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) and few fine distinct dark yellowish brown (10YR 3/4) irregular masses of iron accumulation throughout; moderately acid; gradual smooth boundary.
Btg7--67 to 80 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silty clay loam; weak fine subangular blocky structure; firm; few very fine pores with low continuity; few faint continuous clay films on faces of peds; many medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) irregular masses of iron accumulation throughout; moderately acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Morgan County, Missouri; about 2 miles north and 2 miles east of Florence; 1550 feet north and 300 feet west of the southeast corner of sec. 31, T. 45 N., R. 18 W.; USGS Florence quadrangle, latitude 38 degrees 37 minutes 06 seconds N. and longitude 92 degrees 56 minutes 08 seconds W..
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Thickness of the solum and depth to bedrock is more than 80 inches. The mollic epipedon is 21 to 30 inches thick. The particle size control section averages 27 to 35 percent clay, but individual horizons can have up to 39 percent clay. The mean annual soil temperature at 20 inches is 55 to 59 degrees F.
The A or Ap horizon has hue of 7.5YR to 10YR, value of 2 or 3, chroma of 1 to 3. It is silt loam or silty clay loam. Reaction is moderately acid to neutral.
The upper part of the Btg horizon commonly has color similar to the A horizon. The lower part of the Btg horizon has hue of 7.5YR to 5Y, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 1 or 2. Iron masses with hue of 10YR or 7.5YR, value of 3 to 5 and chroma of 3 to 6 are few or common. The Btg horizon is silt loam, silty clay loam, or clay loam and ranges to silty clay below the particle-size control section, and may have up to 35 percent gravel below 40 inches. Reaction is strongly acid to neutral.
Some pedons have a very gravelly 2Btg horizon that is similar in color and reaction to the Btg horizon.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Cyclone, Mahalaland, Mahalasville, Ragsdale, and Treaty series. All of these soils have a mollic epipedon less than 21 inches thick, and have a mean annual temperature of less than 55 degrees F.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Gabriel soils are on slightly undulating high stream flood plains. Slopes are 0 to 3 percent. They formed in silty alluvium typically containing less than 10 percent sand. Mean annual temperature is about 54 to 57 degrees F, and mean annual precipitation is about 38 to 42 inches.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Hacreek, Sturkie, Racket and Moniteau soils. Hacreek soils have more clay and are on similar positions. Sturkie soils do not have Bg horizons and are on lower flood plains. Racket soils have more sand and gravel in the subsoil and are also on lower flood plains. Moniteau soils have a lighter colored surface layer and are on similar positions.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Poorly drained. Permeability is moderately slow. Runoff potential is low to medium. In undisturbed areas, there is an apparent water table with an upper limit of 1.0 to 2.5 feet during November to May in most years. The soils are subject to rare to occasional flooding.
USE AND VEGETATION: Commonly used for cropland. Corn, small grain, and hay are the principal crops. Native vegetation was tall prairie grasses.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: The Ozarks area (MLRAs 116B and 116A) in southern Missouri. The series is of small extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Morgantown, West Virginia
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Morgan County, Missouri, 1996.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this series are:
Mollic epipedon (cumulic feature) - the zone from the surface of the soil to a depth of 29 inches (Ap, A1, Bg1, and Bg2 horizons).
Argillic horizon - the zone from 14 to more than 80 inches (Btg horizons)
Aquic feature - chroma of 1 with distinct redox concentrations in the lower part of the mollic epipedon (Btg1, Btg2 horizons)
ADDITIONAL DATA: University of Missouri Soil Characterization Laboratory Sample number M9114111.