LOCATION GIVIN IA

Established Series
Rev. JAL-JWH-DJP
08/2017

GIVIN SERIES

The Givin series consists of very deep, somewhat poorly drained soils formed in loess. These soils are on summits of interfluves, head slopes on dissected till plains, and treads on stream terraces. Slope ranges from 0 to 5 percent. Mean annual air temperature is about 10 degrees C (50 degrees F). Mean annual precipitation is about 81 centimeters (32 inches).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, smectitic, mesic Udollic Endoaqualfs

TYPICAL PEDON: Givin silt loam, on a planar slope of 1 percent in a cultivated field. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)

Ap--0 to 20 centimeters (0 to 8 inches); very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) silt loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry; weak coarse subangular blocky structure parting to weak fine granular; friable; few fine roots; few fine tubular pores; slightly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. [13 to 23 centimeters (5 to 9 inches) thick]

E--20 to 30 centimeters (8 to 12 inches); dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silt loam, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) dry; weak thick platy structure parting to moderate thin platy; friable; few fine roots; few fine tubular pores; moderately acid; clear smooth boundary. [8 to 15 centimeters (3 to 6 inches) thick]

BE--30 to 41 centimeters (12 to 16 inches); dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silty clay loam; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine roots; few fine tubular pores; common distinct light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) dry silt coatings on faces of peds; common distinct very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) organic coatings on faces of peds; few fine irregular masses of iron-manganese; moderately acid; gradual smooth boundary. [8 to 13 centimeters (3 to 5 inches) thick]

Bt--41 to 58 centimeters (16 to 23 inches); brown (10YR 4/3) silty clay loam; moderate fine subangular blocky structure parting to moderate fine angular blocky; friable; few fine roots; few fine tubular pores; many distinct dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) clay films on faces of peds; few fine faint yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) redoximorphic concentrations; few fine irregular masses of iron-manganese; moderately acid; gradual smooth boundary.

Btg1--58 to 86 centimeters (23 to 34 inches); grayish brown (10YR 5/2) silty clay loam; weak medium prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; firm; few fine roots; few fine tubular pores; common distinct dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) clay films on faces of peds; few fine irregular masses of iron-manganese; common fine prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) and strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) redoximorphic concentrations; moderately acid; gradual smooth boundary.

Btg2--86 to 107 centimeters (34 to 42 inches); grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) silty clay loam; weak medium prismatic structure parting to weak coarse angular blocky; friable; few fine roots; few fine tubular pores; common distinct dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) clay films on faces of peds; few fine irregular masses of iron-manganese; common fine prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) and strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) redoximorphic concentrations; moderately acid; gradual smooth boundary.

Btg3--107 to 127 centimeters (42 to 50 inches); grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) silty clay loam; weak medium and coarse prismatic structure; friable; few fine roots; few fine tubular pores; few distinct dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) clay films on faces of peds; few fine irregular masses of iron-manganese; many medium prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) and few fine prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) redoximorphic concentrations; slightly acid; gradual smooth boundary. [Combined thickness of the Bt horizon is 45 to 115 centimeters (18 to 46 inches).]

Cg1--127 to 165 centimeters (50 to 65 inches); grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) silty clay loam; massive; friable; few fine roots; few fine tubular pores; few fine irregular masses of iron-manganese; many medium prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) and few fine prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) redoximorphic concentrations; slightly acid; gradual smooth boundary.

Cg2--165 to 203 centimeters (65 to 80 inches); light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) silty clay loam; massive; friable; few fine irregular masses of iron-manganese; many medium prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) and few fine prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) redoximorphic concentrations; slightly acid.

TYPE LOCATION: Land Resource Unit (LRU) 108C-Illinois and Iowa Deep Loess and Drift, West Central Part; Keokuk County, Iowa; about 3 miles south of South English; about 2,200 feet east and 1,150 feet north of the southwest corner of sec. 24, T. 76 N., R. 11 W.; USGS Harper topographic quadrangle; lat. 41 degrees 22 minutes 9 seconds N. and long. 92 degrees 4 minutes 32 seconds W., NAD 83.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Depth to carbonates--greater than 203 centimeters (80 inches)
Content of clay in the particle-size control section (weighted average)--36 to 42 percent
Content of sand in the particle-size control section (weighted average)--less than 5 percent

Ap or A horizon:
Hue--10YR
Value--2 or 3
Chroma--1 or 2
Texture--silt loam
Clay content--18 to 26 percent
Sand content--less than 5 percent
Reaction--moderately acid to neutral

E horizon:
Hue--10YR
Value--4 or 5
Chroma--2
Texture--silt loam
Clay content--18 to 26 percent
Sand content--less than 5 percent
Reaction--moderately acid to neutral

Bt and Btg horizon:
Hue--10YR or 2.5Y
Value--4 or 5
Chroma--2 or 3
Texture--silty clay loam or silty clay
Clay content--36 to 42 percent
Sand content--less than 5 percent
Reaction--strongly acid to slightly acid

BCg (when present) or Cg horizon:
Hue--2.5Y or 5Y
Value--4 to 6
Chroma--2
Texture--silty clay loam
Clay content--27 to 38 percent
Sand content--less than 5 percent
Reaction--moderately acid or slightly acid

COMPETING SERIES: These are the Clarksdale and Oconee series.
Clarksdale--have a clay content of less than 27 percent in the lower part of the series control section
Oconee--have a clay content of less than 27 percent in the lower part of the series control section

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material--loess
Landform--summits of interfluves, head slopes on dissected till plains, and treads on stream terraces
Slopes--0 to 5 percent
Elevation--198 to 411 meters (650 to 1,350 feet) above sea level
Mean annual air temperature--9 to 11 degrees C (49 to 52 degrees F)
Mean annual precipitation--76 to 86 centimeters (30 to 34 inches)
Frost-free period--155 to 180 days

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are Clinton, Gara, Ladoga and Rubio soils.
Clinton--are at lower elevations on side slopes, have a clay content of 36 to 42 percent in the particle-size control section, have a dark-colored surface layer 0 to 13 centimeters (0 to 5 inches) thick, and have a frequently saturated zone with depths of 1.2 to 1.8 meters (4 to 6 feet) in normal years
Ladoga--are at lower elevations on side slopes, have a clay content of 36 to 42 percent in the particle-size control section, have a dark-colored surface layer 13 to 23 centimeters (5 to 9 inches) thick, and have a frequently saturated zone with depths of 1.2 to 1.8 meters (4 to 6 feet) in normal years and have
Gara--are at lower elevations on side slopes, have a clay content of 30 to 35 percent in the particle-size control section, and do not have a frequently saturated zone within a depth of 1.8 meters (6 feet) in normal years
Rubio--at slightly higher elevations on interfluves and have a frequently saturated zone within a depth of 0.3 meter (1 foot) in normal years

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY:
Drainage class--somewhat poorly drained--a frequently saturated zone occurs within depths of 0.3 to 1.1 meters (1 to 3.5 feet) during March to June in normal years and is considered apparent
Saturated hydraulic conductivity--0.10 to 10.00 micrometers per second
Surface runoff potential--negligible or low

USE AND VEGETATION:
Most areas are cultivated. The principal crops are corn, soybeans, small grains, and hay. The native vegetation is mixed deciduous trees (oak and hickory) and big bluestem, little bluestem, switchgrass, and other grasses of the tall grass prairie.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
Physiographic Division--Interior Plains
Physiographic Province--Central Lowland
Physiographic section--Dissected till plains
MLRAs--Illinois and Iowa Deep Loess and Drift (108) and Iowa and Missouri Heavy Till Plain (109)
LRR M; southern Iowa
Extent--medium

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Indianapolis, Indiana

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Jefferson County, Iowa, 1957

REMARKS:
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon:
Particle-size control section--the zone from a depth of 41 to 91 centimeters (16 to 36 inches) (Bt, Btg1, and Btg2 horizons).
Series control section--the zone from the surface to a depth of 150 centimeters (59 inches) (Ap, E, BE, Bt, Btg1, Btg2, Btg3, and Cg1 horizons).
Ochric epipedon--the zone from the surface to a depth of 30 centimeters (12 inches) (Ap and E horizons).
Albic horizon--the zone from a depth of 20 to 30 centimeters (8 to 12 inches) (E horizon).
Argillic horizon--the zone from a depth of 30 to 127 centimeters (16 to 50 inches) (Bt, Btg1, Btg2, and Btg3 horizons).
Aquic moisture regime.

Taxonomy version--Keys to Soil Taxonomy, Twelfth Edition, 2014.

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.