LOCATION GRAYLAND WA
Established Series
Rev. AG/EH/RJE/RWL
09/2019
GRAYLAND SERIES
Landscape--valleys
Landform--lakebed
Slope--0 to 1 percent
Parent material--lacustrine sediment and alluvium derived from basalt and volcanic ash
Mean annual precipitation--about 890 mm
Mean annual air temperature--about 6 degrees C
Depth class--very deep
Drainage class--poorly drained
Soil moisture regime--aquic
Soil temperature regime--frigid
Soil moisture subclass--typic
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, smectitic, frigid Argiaquic Argialbolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Grayland silty clay loam in a managed pasture of reed canarygrass and redtop, on a 1-percent, north-facing slope at an elevation of 560 m (All textures are apparent field textures.)
Ap1--0 to 10 cm; silty clay loam, gray (10YR 5/1) dry, black (10YR 2/1) moist; weak medium granular structure; hard, friable, slightly sticky and nonplastic; many very fine and fine roots; many very fine irregular pores; strongly acid (pH 5.2); clear smooth boundary
Ap2--10 to 20 cm; silty clay loam, gray (10YR 5/1) dry, very dark gray (10YR 3/1) moist; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure; hard, friable, slightly sticky and nonplastic; many very fine and fine roots; many very fine irregular pores and common fine tubular pores; moderately acid (pH 5.6); clear wavy boundary
E--20 to 38 cm; silty clay loam, light gray (10YR 7/1) dry, dark gray (10YR 4/1) moist; weak medium subangular blocky structure; hard, friable, slightly sticky and nonplastic; common very fine and fine roots; many very fine irregular pores and common very fine tubular pores; neutral (pH 6.6); gradual smooth boundary
Btg--38 to 61 cm; clay, gray (10YR 6/1) dry, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) moist; weak medium subangular blocky structure; very hard, firm, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine and fine roots; many very fine irregular and tubular pores; distinct continuous clay films; common fine faint redoximorphic concentrations, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) dry, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; neutral (pH 6.9); gradual smooth boundary
2Cg--61 to 86 cm; sandy loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) moist; massive; very hard, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine and fine roots; many very fine irregular pores and common fine tubular pores; common fine distinct redoximorphic concentrations, yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) dry, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) moist; neutral (pH 7.3); clear smooth boundary
2C1--86 to 114 cm; sandy loam, very pale brown (10YR 7/3) dry, brown (10YR 5/3) moist; massive; hard, firm, slightly sticky and nonplastic; few fine roots; many very fine irregular pores; common fine distinct redoximorphic concentrations, strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) and reddish yellow (7.5YR 6/6) dry, yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) moist; slightly alkaline (pH 7.6); clear smooth boundary
2C2--114 to 150 cm; sandy loam, pale brown (10YR 6/3) dry, brown (10YR 5/3) moist; massive; slightly hard, friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; few fine roots; many very fine irregular pores; many medium prominent redoximorphic concentrations, yellowish red (5YR 4/6 and 5/6) dry, red (2.5YR 4/6) moist; neutral (pH 7.2)
TYPE LOCATION: Klickitat County, Washington, about 10 km southwest of Glenwood; about 670 m north and 340 m east of the southwest corner of section 5, T. 5 N., R. 12 E.; latitude 45 degrees, 58 minutes, 6 seconds north and longitude 121 degrees, 17 minutes, 15 seconds west
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Mean annual soil temperature--7 to 8 degrees C
Thickness of mollic epipedon--20 to 36 cm
Rock fragment content in particle-size control section--0 to 2 percent
Clay content in particle-size control section--averages 35 to 60 percent
Sand content in particle-size control section--30 to 60 percent volcanic ash; recognizable diatoms
Ap horizon
Value--2 or 3 moist, 4 or 5 dry
Chroma--0 or 1 moist or dry
Reaction--5.1 to 6.0
Combined thickness--15 to 46 cm
E horizon
Hue--10YR, 2.5Y
Value--4 to 6 moist, 7 or 8 dry
Chroma--0 or 1 moist or dry
Texture--silt loam, silty clay loam
Reaction--6.1 to 7.3
Thickness--5 to 23 cm
Btg horizon
Hue--10YR, 2.5Y
Value--3 to 5 moist, 6 or 7 dry
Chroma--1 or 2 moist or dry
Texture--silty clay loam, silty clay, clay
Reaction--6.1 to 7.3
Thickness--13 to 41 cm
2Cg horizon
Thickness--18 to 41 cm
2C horizon
Hue--10YR, 2.5Y
Value--4 or 5 moist, 5 to 7 dry
Chroma--2 or 3 moist or dry
Redoximorphic concentrations--hue of 7.5YR or 10YR; value of 4 to 6 dry and 3 to 5 moist; chroma of 4 to 8 moist or dry
Reaction--6.6 to 7.8
Combined thickness--greater than 60 cm
COMPETING SERIES:
Enloe--6 to 30 percent calcium carbonate in Btk horizon
Tonka--no volcanic ash or diatomaceous material
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Elevation--550 to 610 m
Climate--warm, dry summers; cold, wet winters; intermittent snow cover in December through March
Mean annual precipitation--840 to 940 mm
Mean January air temperature--about -3 degrees C
Mean July air temperature-about 19 degrees C
Mean annual air temperature--about 6 to 7 degrees C
Frost-free season--50 to 90 days; damaging frost may occur any month of the year
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
Conboy--in lake basins; no argillic horizon; irregular decrease in organic carbon as depth increases
Fanal--on toeslopes; coarse-loamy particle-size class; xeric soil moisture regime
Segidal--on lacustrine terraces; coarse-loamy particle-size class; 50 to 100 cm (moderately deep) to a cemented layer
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Drainage class--poorly drained
Saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat)--moderately low
Seasonal high water table--highest in February and March
USE AND VEGETATION:
Use--mainly pasture and hay production
Introduced species--meadow foxtail, reed canarygrass, redtop, timothy
Native vegetation--sedge, biscuitroot, common snowberry, rose, alder
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Southern Glenwood Valley, Klickitat County, Washington; MLRA 6; small extent
SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (SSRO) RESPONSIBLE: Portland, Oregon
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Klickitat County, Washington; 2003
REMARKS:
Diagnostic horizons and other features recognized in this pedon
*Mollic epipedon--zone from the surface to a depth of 20 cm
*Albic horizon--zone from 20 to 38 cm
*Argillic horizon--zone from 38 to 61 cm
*Particle-size control section--zone from 38 to 61 cm
ADDITIONAL DATA:
Laboratory data--pedon number S78WA-039-007; from typical pedon
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.