LOCATION GREENE NYEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, active, acid, mesic Aeric Endoaquepts
TYPICAL PEDON: Greene silt loam on a 2 percent slope in a pasture. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise noted.)
Ap-- 0 to 9 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) silt loam, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) dry; moderate medium and fine granular structure; friable; many fine roots; 10 percent rock fragments; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (5 to 10 inches thick.)
Bg1-- 9 to 16 inches; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) channery silt loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine roots; common fine pores; 15 percent rock fragments; many (50 percent) medium and coarse prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6 and 5/8), and distinct light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) masses of iron accumulation; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.
Bg2-- 16 to 22 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) channery silt loam; moderate medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine pores; 20 percent rock fragments; common medium prominent light olive brown (2.5Y 5/6) masses of iron accumulation and few fine distinct light gray (10YR 7/2) areas of iron depletion; moderately acid; clear smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bg horizon is 10 to 30 inches.)
Cg-- 22 to 34 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) channery loam; massive; firm in place; few fine pores; 20 percent rock fragments; common medium faint gray (10YR 6/1) areas of iron depletion and few fine distinct light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) masses of iron accumulation; moderately acid. (0 to 14 inches thick.)
2R-- 34 inches; fractured very dark gray (N 3/0) interbedded fine grained sandstone and siltstone.
TYPE LOCATION: Chenango County, New York; Town of Smyrna, 1.5 miles north on Dunham Road from intersection with New York Route 80 and 400 feet west of Dunham Road. USGS Earlville, NY topographic quadrangle; Latitude 42 degrees, 42 minutes, 49 seconds N. and Longitude 75 degrees, 36 minutes, 9 seconds W. NAD 1927.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The solum thickness ranges from 16 to 40 inches. Depth to bedrock ranges from 20 to 40 inches. Rock fragments in the mineral soil range from 5 to 35 percent by volume throughout.
The Ap or A horizon has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 2 or 3, and chroma of 1 or 2. Texture of the fine earth fraction is silt loam, silty clay loam, or loam. Structure is weak or moderate, fine or medium granular. Reaction in unlimed areas ranges from extremely acid through strongly acid.
The Bg horizon has hue of 7.5YR through 2.5Y, value of 4 through 6, and chroma of 1 or 2, with few to many redoximorphic features. Some pedons have manganese stains and ped faces with chroma of 3 or less. Texture of the fine earth fraction ranges from loam to silty clay loam. Structure is weak or moderate, medium or coarse subangular blocky or coarse or very coarse prismatic parting to thin or medium platy or subangular blocky. Consistence is friable or firm. Reaction in unlimed areas is strongly acid or moderately acid. Some pedons have a Bw horizon with chroma of 3 or 4.
The Cg horizon has hue of 10YR through 2.5Y, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 1 or 2, with few to many redoximorphic features. Texture of the fine earth fraction ranges from loam to silty clay loam. It is massive, with or without plate-like divisions inherited from the weathering bedrock. Reaction in unlimed areas is strongly acid or moderately acid.
The 2R horizon consists of grayish, brownish, or black colored sandstone, siltstone, or shale. The upper part of the bedrock is fractured in some pedons.
COMPETING SERIES: There are no other series in this family.
The Atherton, Chippewa, Gretor, Morris, Neversink, Norwich, Orpark, Tuller, and Volusia series are similar soils in related families. Atherton, Chippewa, Neversink, Norwich, Morris, and Volusia soils are more than 40 inches deep to bedrock, and have a fragipan. In addition, Atherton and Neversink soils are poorly and very poorly drained. Norwich and Morris soils also have hue of 5YR or redder in the fragipan. Gretor soils have a frigid temperature regime. Orpark soils have a CEC activity class of semiactive and are underlain by shale. Tuller soils are less than 20 inches deep to bedrock.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: The Greene soils are dominantly on long, nearly level to sloping and slightly depressional hilltops and benched sideslopes of glaciated uplands. Slope ranges from 0 to 15 percent. The soils formed in a thin mantle of till overlying sandstone and siltstone. Mean annual air temperature ranges from 45 to 50 degrees F, mean annual precipitation ranges from 33 to 45 inches, and the mean annual frost-free season is from 120 to 180 days. Elevation ranges from 700 to 1,725 feet above sea level.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: Arnot, Lordstown and Oquaga soils occupy associated well drained sites. Mardin, Wellsboro and Alden soils are associated soils in areas that are deeper than 40 inches to bedrock.
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Somewhat poorly drained. The potential for surface runoff is low to very high. Saturated hydraulic conductivity in the mineral soil is moderately high to high in the surface layer and moderately high to moderately low in the subsoil and substratum.
USE AND VEGETATION: These soils are mainly forested or in idle cropland. Native vegetation is dominantly sugar and red maple, red oak, white ash, black cherry, and hemlock. A few areas are used for pasture and hay.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Glaciated Allegheny Plateau in southern New York and possibly northern Pennsylvania. MLRA 140. The series is of small extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Amherst, Massachusetts
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Chenango County, New York, 1982.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and other features recognized in the typical pedon include:
1. Ochric epipedon - from 0 to 9 inches (Ap horizon).
2. Cambic horizon - from 9 to 22 inches (Bg1 and Bg2 horizons).
3. Endo greatgroup - water table is on bedrock.
4. Aeric subgroup - 50% high chroma redox concentrations from 9 to 16 inches (Bg1 horizon).
Soils with pH of 5.6 to 6.0 in water were checked in the lab and found to have a pH of less than 5.0 in 0.01M CaCl2.